A simplified method for optimal design of solar water heating systems based on life-cycle energy analysis

Significant energy mismatch exists in solar water heating systems as the time and amount of solar energy supply are usually different from that of hot water demand. Using a hot water storage tank can reduce or eliminate such mismatch in short term while it is difficult to avoid this mismatch in long term. In many optimal design and life-cycle analysis methods, the energy mismatch is ignored which causes the system performance to be overestimated and also misleads the optimal design of the system. This paper presents a simplified method for optimizing the key parameters of solar water heating systems based on life-cycle energy analysis. This optimal method considering the energy mismatch phenomenon can be implemented through two steps. In the first step, a simplified energy model based hourly energy matching different components of the system, is developed for determining the operating performance of system with different solar collector areas and water storage volumes. In the second step, the law of diminishing marginal utility is employed to determine the optimum size of the system. The optimum size is identified when the maximal life-cycle net energy saving is achieved. A case study on the application of the proposed method in a building is presented as well.     

降低通用小型汽油机燃油消耗率的研究

在通用小型汽油机的结构尺寸不作变动，其化油器的结构尺寸也不作大的变动的前提下，通过改变化油器主量孔的尺寸大小控制进油量，简单改变泡沫管燃油通道的结构尺寸对燃油进行增压，在泡沫管顶部采用燃油多孔喷射技术等措施，以达到降低通用小型汽油机燃油消耗率的目的。     

通用小型汽油机台架排放测试系统开发

针对通用小型汽油机排放法规的要求开发了台架排放测试系统。分析了欧洲法规和EPA法规规定的排放试验采样方式及计算方法，设计了排放测试系统硬件及软件。系统实现了小型汽油机排放法规排放试验的数据采集、流程控制和数据处理，现场试验表明系统性能可靠，功能完善。     

亚临界电站锅炉刚性梁的挠度分析

详细介绍了大型电站锅炉刚性梁挠度的计算方法     

舰载多管火箭炮武器系统方案总体效能评估

本文在美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会评估武器系统效能模型的基础上,引入了复式效用理论,建立了系统效用评价模型.并针对舰载多管火箭炮武器系统方案综合性能进行评估,为方案选定提供了有效依据.     

Two types of a passive safety containment for a near future BWR with active and passive safety systems

The paper presents two types of a passive safety containment for a near future BWR. They are named Mark S and Mark X containment. One of their common merits is very low peak pressure at severe accidents without venting the containment atmosphere to the environment. The PCV pressure can be moderated within the design pressure. Another merit is the capability to submerge the PCV and the RPV above the core level. The third merit is robustness against external events such as a large commercial airplane crash. Both the containments have a passive cooling core catcher that has radial cooling channels. The Mark S containment is made of reinforced concrete and applicable to a large power BWR up to 1830 MWe. The Mark X containment has the steel secondary containment and can be cooled by natural circulation of outside air. It can accommodate a medium power BWR up to 1380 MWe. In both cases the plants have active and passive safety systems constituting in-depth hybrid safety (IDHS). The IDHS provides not only hardware diversity between active and passive safety systems but also more importantly diversity of the ultimate heat sinks between the atmosphere and the sea water. Although the plant concept discussed in the paper uses well-established technology, plant performance including economy is innovatively and evolutionally improved. Nothing is new in the hardware but everything is new in the performance.     

微观交通仿真中的选择性换道模型研究

本文利用Agent理论对实际交通流中的选择性换道行为进行了模型的构建。从微观层次上分析了选择性换道需求产生的机理,提出了一种基于车道行驶满意度的综合评价法。通过对实际车辆单元换道轨迹的观测与换道执行时间的统计分析,建立了车辆换道转角与车速的函数关系。最后利用单个Agent包装类在VC.NET平台上实现了此模型。     

一种基于按劳分配原则的联盟形成策略

联盟形成主要研究如何在联盟内Agent间划分联盟效用,使Agent在决策时愿意形成更优的联盟。但是已有的联盟形成策略对额外效用的平均分配没有考虑到每个Agent对联盟的贡献大小以及加入后的利益,不利于联盟的形成。提出一种基于按劳分配原则的联盟形成策略,该策略运用按能力分配原则对额外效用进行合理分配,体现了“能者多劳,多劳多得”的特点,维护了个体间的利益,优于Shapley值方法和平均分配法,较好地满足了联盟的稳定性和时效性等要求。     

电站锅炉可靠性研究

简要介绍了电站锅炉可靠性研究技术及其对于电站锅炉安全,经济运行的影响。     

基于级数方法的反渐开线函数研究

应用级数方法对渐开线函数的逆运算进行数学处理,推导出级数表达式。表达式可直接用于渐开线函数的逆运算,也可采用先近似简化然后校正的方法求得该函数的计算公式。该公式具有高精度,在工程技术领域有较大的实用性。