Restoring Murray River floodplain wetlands: Does the sediment record inform on watering regime?

The floodplain wetlands of the southern Murray Darling Basin (MDB) have been subject to the impacts of catchment and water resource development for more than a century. Their current degraded state is attributed to the regulation of the rivers and abstraction of water volume for irrigation. The MDB Plan is to return at least 2,750 Gl of mean annual flow to the system to restore the condition of waterways. Considerable recent investment in infrastructure enables water to be released into the basin's floodplain wetlands. The proposed watering regime is underpinned by modelling that suggests that, before regulation, overbank flows would have occurred regularly as discharge peaked in winter and spring. Sediment cores have been extracted from over 50 floodplain wetlands of the southern Murray Basin. Those from several, large meander wavelength billabongs extend for 1,000–5,000 years suggesting that these sites were permanently inundated over that time. Others extend to ~200 years and are presumed not to have accumulated sediment until more recently. The records of most wetlands, however, only extend to the onset of river regulation in the 1920s, suggesting that before then they were not inundated for sufficient duration for net accumulation to occur. Preserved diatoms suggest that the shallow, plant‐dominated wetlands of the past have transitioned to deep, turbid water systems today. As rivers are identified as a source of sediment to wetlands, less regular inundation, rather than more, is a viable option in restoring the ecological function of these floodplain wetlands and in slowing sediment infill.     

双水相分离纯化R-藻红蛋白

为了获得优于食品级的R-藻红蛋白(R-PE),采用双水相体系从坛紫菜中分离纯化R-PE.结果表明,聚乙二醇(PEG)/酒石酸钾钠双水相体系,当PEG相对分子质量为1 500且p H为8.06、系线长22.30%、体积比0.12时纯化效果最佳,R-PE纯度由细胞破碎液的0.43提高到1.47,回收率为84.42%.经过二次双水相纯度达1.55,纯化因子为3.60.得到的R-PE具有较高的生物活性.PEG相对分子质量1500/酒石酸钾钠双水相体系成功分离纯化R-PE,操作简单,成本低,适于工业化.     

双水相萃取的应用研究进展

双水相萃取是一种新型的用于提取、分离、纯化的技术,目前的研究证明双水相萃取已经应用于生物分子分离、污水处理、贵金属分离、生物合成、检测等方面,而且由于其本身的易于扩大,成本低、快速、高效等优势,应用前景会更加广阔。     

五相感应电机及其调速系统的仿真

多相电机作为电机大功率化的有效途径之一,受到广泛关注,本文介绍了在MATLAB中Simulink仿真平台上五相感应电机及其调速系统的建模方法.通过广义两相实变换得到便于计算的多相电机模型.调速系统采用基于矢量空间解耦的矢量控制策略,实现转矩与励磁的解耦控制,达到如直流电机般的控制效果.     

Modeling drop breakage using the full energy spectrum and a specific realization of turbulence anisotropy

The assumption of homogeneous isotropic turbulence when modeling drop breakage in industrially relevant geometries is questionable. We describe the development of an anisotropic breakage model, where the anisotropy is introduced via the inclusion of a perturbed turbulence spectrum. The selection of the perturbed spectrum is itself motivated by our previous large-eddy simulations of high-pressure homogenizers. The model redistributes energy from small to large scales, and assumes that the anisotropic part of the Reynolds stresses is confined to the energy-containing range. The second-order structure function arising from the perturbed spectrum is used in the standard framework of Coulaloglou and Tavlarides to calculate breakage frequency. While the base model exhibits non-monotonic behavior (by predicting a maximum value for a certain drop size), the effect of anisotropy is shown to increase breakage frequency in length scales larger than this peak, thereby reducing non-monotonicity. This effect is more pronounced for small turbulence Reynolds numbers.     

Study of filtered interphase heat transfer using highly resolved CFD–DEM simulations

Accurately predicting the complex inhomogeneous heat transfer behavior in gas–solid fluidized beds is of fundamental importance. In this work, we constitute an enhanced filtered interphase heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) closure by systematically filtering the dataset from highly resolved three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics–discrete element model simulations. Particularly, effects of several potential filtered variable markers on filtered IHTC predictions are examined by statistical analysis. We reveal the formulated filtered IHTC correction closure manifests a systematic dependence on filtered interphase temperature difference as an additional marker. The proposed closure shows good agreement with the filtered fine-grid simulation data in an a priori analysis. Moreover, the difference of filtered IHTC corrections deduced from 3D Euler–Euler and Euler–Lagrange simulations is quantified. Finally, the comparative analysis between our proposed filtered IHTC formulation and those in literature is implemented. This work holds a potential to facilitate the development of thermal gas–solid flow modeling.     

On the gas dynamics of HVOF thermal sprays

An experimental study of the gas-dynamic aspects of the high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) thermal spray process has been performed using commercially available HVOF equipment (Hobart-Tafa JP-5000, Ho-bart-Tafa Technologies, Inc., Concord, NH). Optical diagnostic techniques, including microsecond-expo-sure schlieren and shadowgraph imaging, were applied to visualize the hot supersonic jet produced by this equipment without particle injection. Rapid turbulent mixing of the jet with the surrounding atmos-phere was observed, which is an issue of concern in coating quality due to the possibility of oxidation of sprayed particles. This mixing appears to be a function of the ratio of densities of the hot jet and the cold atmosphere as well as a function of the velocity of the jet, rather than one of combustion-chamber pres-sure or barrel length. The supersonic core of the HVOF jet dissipates rapidly due to the mixing, so that the jet is no longer supersonic when it impinges on the target surface being sprayed. Secondary issues also observed in this study include strong jet-noise radiation from the HVOF plume and the entrainment and induced bulk motion of the surrounding air.     

采用控轧控冷工艺生产车轮用双相钢

介绍了车轮用热轧双相钢板的控制轧制与控制冷却工艺、组织性能和冲压使用效果，该产品强度高、塑性好，屈强比为0．64～0．68。     

电弧喷涂熔滴速度分布有限元分析

基于双流体模型,并采用ANSYS/CFD分析了Al、Zn丝材电弧喷涂熔滴颗粒拟流体的空间速度分布规律。结果表明:喷涂压力的提高能够显著增大熔滴颗粒拟流体的速度;双流体混合粘度系数μmix是影响其空间速度分布的重要因素。     

发泡模具射料充填过程的数值模拟

本文利用商业流体分析软件对多种情况下发泡模具的射料充填过程进行了数值模拟,物理模拟利用数码摄像机记录下射料充填的全过程,数值模拟结果与物理模拟结果对比表明,模拟的结果与实际情况基本上是一致的.