冲击钻孔咬合桩围堰在深水基础中的施工技术

指出钻孔咬合桩作为一种支护围挡结构,具有地质适应性强,工程造价低,施工速度快,对场地要求低等特点,特别是在抗渗漏水及对既有建筑稳定保护上具有优势,深入介绍了钻孔咬合桩作为深水基础围堰施工的方法及工艺,为类似工程施工提供了宝贵的经验。     

大渡河安宁水电站深厚覆盖层勘探技术 与方法概述

本文介绍了大渡河上游安宁水电站可研阶段河床深厚覆盖层勘探所用的技术与方法，即：植物胶钻具钻进、厚壁套管跟管钻进及多级跟管钻头钻进。此外，还介绍了覆盖层钻孔孔内旁压试验和原状砂样的采取技术。在该深厚覆盖层勘探中应用的技术与方法保证了勘探工作的圆满完成，为工程设计提供了详实、可靠、全面的参数，同时也完善勘探技术与内容，提高了勘探水平，为今后的勘探工作作了相应的技术储备。     

海洋钻机管汇设计与计算

海洋钻机管汇与海洋钻机安全和海洋环境保护密切相关,是海洋钻机重要的组成部分.为改进管汇的设计质量、提高管汇设计与相关标准的符合度,对海洋钻机管汇常用的标准、规范作了分析,提出了管汇设计的一般要求和注意事项.利用管汇应力分析软件对海洋钻机管汇进行了应力计算与模态分析,得到了管汇系统的规范应力和阀门组固有频率,进而分析得出不同用途管汇的设计关注点,以及钢架对管汇阀门组的固有频率影响.通过标准、规范分析和应力计算,使海洋钻机管汇满足了标准及规范要求,提高了设计质量,也为陆地钻机管汇设计、计算和使用提供了借鉴     

Pressure Loss at the Bit While Drilling with Foam

Abstract

Foam is one of the most frequently used drilling fluids at underbalanced drilling operations. As foam flows, due to the pressure drop, a volumetric expansion is observed, which causes the foam quality to increase in the same direction with flow. Flow of foams through circular pipes and annular geometries are well studied. Interestingly, although one of the major sources of pressure drop is at the bit, there have been few studies of this subject for foams. Many drilling parameters including hole cleaning capacity, volumetric requirements of liquid and gas phase, and backpressure are out of control if the pressure drop at the bit is not accurately determined, even though pressure drops inside the pipes and wellbore are properly determined. This article introduces a more accurate model for estimating the pressure drop of foam flowing through the bit. The major difference between the proposed and the existing models is that the proposed model includes the effect of foam expansion and velocity change as a function of pressure. Pressure drop has been observed to increase significantly as the upstream pressure and foam average velocity increases when compared with the existing models. For the same flow conditions, pressure drop decreases as the foam quality increases, and as the upstream pressure increases, pressure drop also increases. The existing models cannot detect this event at all. In some cases, the pressure drop at the bit can be 10 times greater than the pressure drop predicted from existing models.     

关于中国石油钻井业务转变发展方式的几点思考

国内外钻井业务市场发展环境的变化,对中国石油天然气集团公司钻井业务提出了更高的要求。为加快中国石油钻井业务转变发展方式,提高效率效益,作者利用DEA方法对中国石油钻井业务效率进行了分析与评价,并通过SWOT分析了面临的机遇与挑战、优势与劣势。在此基础之上,对中国石油钻井业务如何转变发展方式提出了意见和建议。     

在地质灾害勘察中钻探设备最佳更新期的确定

介绍了地质勘察企业中钻探设备的选型和磨损问题,探讨了设备的经济寿命及提前更新的经济原则,通过实际案例,从设备的静态模式与动态模式两个方面分析了如何确定设备的最佳更新期,对地质勘察企业具有重要意义.     

跟管钻具在复杂山地钻井中的应用

在地质条件不稳定的岩土层山地钻井,容易出现塌井。通过为山地钻机配备跟管钻具,有效地解决了这一问题。本文介绍了跟管钻具的工作原理和特点,并进行了试验,取得了良好的实验效果。     

SH2007型内热式直立炭化炉的研发设计

介绍SH2007型内热式直立炭化炉的炉体结构、主要参数、工艺流程、配套的煤气净化工艺，阐述了设计中采取的环境保护措施。     

Maximum temperature of smoke beneath ceiling in tunnel fire with vertical shafts

To assess the impact of heat smoke in tunnel with vertical shafts, the maximum temperature of smoke beneath ceiling is researched theoretically and experimentally in this paper. A theoretical prediction model for maximum temperature of smoke beneath ceiling is built using dimensional analysis. A numerical model is built and calibrated with the full-scale experiment data. The calibrated numerical model is used to simulate the maximum temperature of smoke under different conditions with different shaft geometry. At last, the proposed theoretical model was formulated and compared with Kurioka model, experimental data and simulation data. The results show that the proposed theoretical model can give a better prediction for the tendency. It can be used to predict the maximum temperature of smoke beneath ceiling of tunnel with vertical shafts by taking the shaft geometry and arrangements effect into account.     

上海世博会中国馆国家馆结构设计与研究

2010年上海世博会中国馆的国家馆造型独特,其底部架空,展区部分层叠出挑,呈四棱台斗冠状。屋面由混凝土筒体出挑34.75m,不但使得竖向质量分布不均匀,还使得楼盖的转动惯量大,导致结构的扭转周期成为第一周期。介绍了国家馆的结构体系、结构布置、结构分析以及主要的构造加强措施。利用楼、电梯间设置四个落地的混凝土筒体作为承重和抗侧力结构,利用建筑的倒梯形造型设置斜柱来支承楼盖大跨度钢梁,在确保结构安全的前提下,最大限度地满足了建筑使用功能的要求。分析了扭转周期为第一自振周期对结构的影响以及底部挑空对结构竖向侧向刚度分布的影响。详细的计算分析及模拟振动台试验结果表明,虽然扭转周期为第一周期,但结构的扭转反应并不严重,对结构的抗震性能影响不大,结构具有良好的抗震性能,可达到预定的抗震性能目标。