地方工科院校人才培养模式的两点变革

我国是人口大国和民族文化历史延续很长的国家 ,要发展国家经济和有效参与经济全球化 ,关键取决于我国人力资源被开发的程度。地方院校在我国国民教育中是主要力量 ,怎样在高等教育改革的新形势下生存与发展 ?本文作者认为地方工科院校要以地区产业结构为办学依据 ,同时要放眼世界培养可输出的知识技术性应用人才才能生存发展。进而 ,我们认为地方工科院校应在中外、校际、校内学科间三个层面上进行开放式办学 ,则地方工科院校大有可为。     

关于竖直打入花岗土和粘土地基中的高强度混凝土桩的水平支撑力的研究

就竖直打入花岗土和粘土地基中的高强度混凝土桩的水平承载力进行了试验研究,并基于ASTM标准对每个工况的预测值与实测值进行了比较.文中选用Matlock＆Reese,Davisson＆Gill,Broms和Chang理论预测了高强度混凝土桩的水平承载力.在花岗土和粘土地基中用Matlock＆Reese(Davisson＆Gill),ChangandBroms方法的预测结果都比实测结果小.利用Davisson＆Gill和Chang、Broms理论计算桩基础的水平承载力在工程实际中有一定的实用性.     

粉土地基中特殊桩型的应用与探索

粉土地基中因周边环境不允许采用挤密桩及振密砂石桩复合地基时，采用钻孔扩底桩具有经济、实用的突出优点，但是它在施工工艺方面还不够完善，尤其是持力层性质及临界厚度等条件不同时，单桩承载力设计参数的选取标准存在较大变化，本文将依据工程实例对上述有关问题进行探讨。     

嵌岩灌注桩的竖向承载力研究

结合实测和试验资料，从理论上分析嵌岩灌注桩竖向承载力问题，及其各种影响因素。归纳总结了确定嵌岩灌注桩的承载力方法。     

玻纤对二灰碎石基层的力学性能影响试验

玻璃纤维掺入到二灰碎石基层中，对其强度和刚度进行试验。结果表明，掺量一定时，玻纤可提高二灰碎石半刚性基层的强度，随着玻纤掺量的增加．其刚度则有所降低。另外，玻璃纤维还可有效改善二灰碎石基层的韧性。     

Construction Effect on Load Transfer along Bored Piles

The load transfer behavior along bored piles is affected by details of pile construction particularly those imposing stress and moisture changes to the surrounding soils. An investigation involving moisture migration tests, in situ horizontal stress measurements, and borehole shear and pressuremeter tests shows clear effects of construction that lead to subsequent changes in soil properties. The construction of bored piles in Singapore and the region often involves casting of concrete either in unsupported “dry” boreholes or in “wet” boreholes filled with water. It is necessary to differentiate these two extreme construction conditions in bored pile design. Based on triaxial compression and pressuremeter tests on the residual soil of the Jurong Formation in Singapore, the variation of soil modulus with shear strain can be described by a hyperbolic function. A procedure is recommended for assessing the combined effect of stress relief and soaking on soil modulus by introducing a modulus reduction factor. Modulus degradation curves from pressuremeter tests with the borehole conditions properly simulated are found capable of producing load transfer curves that are comparable to those deduced in the field.     

Estimation of Length Limits for Integral Bridges Built on Clay

In this paper, the maximum length limits for integral bridges built on clay are determined as a function of the ability of steel H-piles supporting the abutments to sustain thermal-induced cyclic displacements and the flexural capacity of the abutment. First, H-pile sections that can accommodate large plastic deformations are determined considering their local buckling instability. Then, a low-cycle fatigue damage model is used to determine the maximum cyclic deformations that such piles can sustain. Next, nonlinear static pushover analyses of two typical integral bridges are conducted to study the effect of various geometric, structural, and geotechnical parameters on the performance of integral bridges subjected to uniform temperature variations. Using the pushover analyses results, design guidelines are developed to enhance and determine the maximum length limits for integral bridges built on clay. It is recommended that the maximum length of concrete integral bridges be limited to 210 m (689 ft) in cold climates and 260 m (853 ft) in moderate climates and that of steel integral bridges be limited to 120 m (394 ft) in cold climates and 180 m (590 ft) in moderate climates.     

以南京某工程为例浅谈基坑设计中存在的若干问题

从南京某基坑位移超限出发,探讨了规范中桩身弯矩取值偏低,及坑上局部和锚固段抗弯刚度取值偏高两个问题,这是影响基坑安全和桩顶位移超限的两个重要原因。该文提出了圆截面钢筋混凝土桩抗弯刚度取值的一个方法,与工程实测位移吻合较好。     

库区大跨度连续梁施工关键技术

以某库区连续梁桥为例,介绍了连续梁桥钢管桩基础施工、基础上横梁架设、单桩预压、预拱度设置、梁体施工和预应力张拉等内容,解决了水中钢管桩支架高、跨度大、预压不方便的问题,为类似工程施工提供了借鉴。     

浅析大直径深孔灌注桩施工技术

随着经济的发展和施工技术的进步,国内桥梁越来越多的采用了大跨径桥梁。桥桩基础也相应采用大直径的深孔灌注桩,本文以增从高速公路的增江大桥为背景工程,对大直径深桩钻孔灌注桩施工的技术进行总结。