热处理和锰含量对CuZnAl合金微观组织结构和宏观性能的影响

采用万能试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜以及动态热机械分析仪,研究了时效时间以及Mn元素对CuZnAl合金微观组织结构、力学及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:Mn元素可以改善材料微观组织结构,提高合金的阻尼性能和拉伸强度;微观组织结构中的针状马氏体和块状马氏体随时效热处理时间的增长发生显著变化,并由此影响材料的阻尼性能;阻尼性能与针状马氏体的长度和密度呈正相关,而与块状马氏体的数量呈负相关,但Mn含量过高时,例如达到10%,出现粗大的块状组织,合金力学性能会有明显下降。     

ZA27-4%Si合金的阻尼性能及阻尼机理

利用低频内耗测试技术研究了ZA27-4%Si合金的阻尼性能, 分析了合金的阻尼机理. 结果表明 ZA27-4%Si合金阻尼随频率增大而减小, 随温度升高而增大, 阻尼不随应变振幅的变化而变化ZA27-4%Si合金室温阻尼为5.83×10-3, 与ZA27合金阻尼相当ZA27-4%Si合金的阻尼是由合金内部的晶界和相界面滑动、位错振动以及各相的热膨胀系数和弹性模量间差造成的微塑性变形共同造成的. 硅合金化的ZA27合金具有良好耐磨减摩性能和减振性能.     

一种新的位错运动理论及对材料动态力学行为的描述

通过对位错在晶格内运动的动力学过程的全面分析。本文提出了一种考虑到粘性阻尼效应和热激活的位错集体运动统一理论。其特点是可用一简单的方程对从低速到高速运动的大量位错的平均行为进行统一描述。对ＫＣｌ晶体的典型实验怕拟合发现理论描述与实验结果相当一致。     

实用M2052合金阻尼行为表征

名义组分为Mn-20Cu-5Ni-2Fe(原子分数，％)的M2052合金，具有很高的强度和阻尼性能．对该合金在不同条件下的阻尼性能采用多种方法进行了表征．该合金的高阻尼态出现在一个临界温度以下，该温度可以通过改变组分和热处理来调整．合金的室温阻尼性能强烈地依赖于频率、应变振幅以及静载荷的大小．     

PVC基阻尼涂料的制备及其流变性能

以聚氯乙烯（PVC）为基体，对苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOTP）为增塑剂，与无机填料CaCO3、钙锌热稳定剂、乳化剂OP-10、润滑剂液体石蜡等复合改性制备PVC基阻尼材料，采用动态流变仪DHR、动态热机械分析仪DMA、扫描电镜SEM等对试样的性能和形态进行表征。运用正交设计探究各组分对性能的影响规律，结果表明，填料CaCO3和增塑剂DOTP比例对其阻尼性能影响最显著；当PVC: CaCO3: DOTP: OP-10比重为45: 33: 22: 2时，25℃时频率0.01～150 Hz范围内，tan δ最大值从0.497提高到0.604；剪切速率0.1 s-1时表观黏度为3738 Pa·s，剪切速率150 s-1时表观黏度为2.19 Pa·s，具有优异的抗流挂性与稳定性。通过LASD形态分析构建微观聚集态模型，提出刚性填料团聚-解团聚和聚合物微球变形对流变性能的作用机理，为LASD的持续研究提供技术思路和理论基础。     

Analytic Model of Laminar‐Turbulent Transition for Bingham Plastics

It is often desirable to operate industrial pipelines transporting non‐Newtonian materials near the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. For the commonly used Bingham plastic model, the Hedström technique overestimates turbulent flow friction losses because it does not take account of viscous‐layer thickening. In the present paper, the Wilson‐Thomas model is applied to predict the transition point for Bingham plastics. Laminar and turbulent friction losses are calculated to show that conditions at transition depend only on the Hedström number. The results are approximated by simplified fit functions. Comparison with existing empirical correlations and experimental data from various sources shows satisfactory agreement.     

A composite numerical scheme for the numerical simulation of coupled Burgers’ equation

In this work, a composite numerical scheme based on finite difference and Haar wavelets is proposed to solve time dependent coupled Burgers’ equation with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Time derivative is discretized by forward difference and then quasilinearization technique is used to linearize the coupled Burgers’ equation. Space derivatives discretization with Haar wavelets leads to a system of linear equations and is solved using Matlab7.0. Convergence analysis of proposed scheme exhibits that the error bound is inversely proportional to the resolution level of the Haar wavelet. Finally, the adaptability of proposed scheme is demonstrated by numerical experiments and shows that the present composite scheme offers better accuracy in comparison with other existing numerical methods.     

Effect of miscibility and forced compatibility on damping properties of CIIR/PAc blend

In this study, a kind of novel damping materials was prepared based on the blend of chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) and polyacrylate (PAc) synthesized by different molar ratio of butyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate. Research results from experiments and analyses by employing DMA, TEM, and FTIR show that whether at a cocured system or noncocured system, it can be achieved to shift a loss peak of CIIR towards a higher temperature region and to keep the damping value from markedlly decreasing, which broadens the effective damping function area of CIIR to the vicinity of ambient temperature. In the former system, the thermodynamical miscibility of CIIR and PAc, to some extent, is predominated by the molecular design of PAc, while in the latter system, covulcanized networks play a more significant role in improving compatibility and abating the peak split, though the suppression effect of thermal stress on the transition of CIIR T_ll transition still can not be neglected. Furthermore, transition state derived from the cocuring CIIR and PAc cannot make the phase separation completely take place, and consequently results in the deformation of phase morphology of the cocured CIIR/PAc blend. It is the influence of thermodynamics miscibility and forced compatibility in different size that makes the suppression effect of foreign PAc on CIIR T_ll transition be controllable. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3127–3133, 2006     

强震区土石坝筑坝材料动力特性试验研究(投稿研究生论坛)

土石坝筑坝材料的动力特性是进行坝工设计和动力评价的基础。以西部强震区某土石坝工程为研究对象,采用室内动三轴试验,对其坝壳料、心墙料和坝基断层料进行动力特性试验研究,并以Hardin-Drnevich模型为基础,确定筑坝材料的动弹模、阻尼比等特性参数,试验表明：在动应变在10-6 ～ 10-5 范围内,动模量与围压、固结比成正相关;随动模量的增大,相关性降低;动应变和振级的拟合指数模型则表明不同围压、固结比的心墙料的应变-振级曲线趋势一致,坝壳料较为离散;试验中固结围压对粗骨料阻尼比-应变曲线的影响较固结比大,可为强震区土石坝的动力稳定评价提供可靠的理论依据。     

IPN压电阻尼材料的研究进展

阻尼材料广泛应用于交通工具、产业机械、建筑土木、家用电器、精密仪器和军事装备等领域。科学技术的不断发展,对阻尼材料的要求不断提高。本文主要综述了阻尼材料的发展状况,阐述了粘弹性阻尼、高阻尼合金、阻尼复合以及聚合物基压电智能阻尼材料的阻尼机理,并详细分析介绍了聚合物基IPN压电阻尼材料的设计原理及阻尼效果。