机载视觉探测与目标定位系统设计与实现

为了解决GPS(Global Position System)定位精度不够高,无法满足无人机完成货物搬运任务的问题,设计并实现了一种以TMS320DM6437为平台的机载视觉探测与目标定位系统,由机载子系统和地面监视子系统组成。机载视觉信息处理子系统利用圆的几何特性改进了经典的Hough变换圆检测算法,在保证精度的同时大大降低了计算量,提高了算法运行效率。同时设计并实现了区分多个相同目标的方案与算法,其冗余机制增强了方案的可靠性。最后搭建了静目标定位测试平台和动目标定位跟踪机载测试系统,验证了系统的可靠性、鲁棒性、实时性和探测精度。     

用户驱动的微博可视化搜索

目的 微博作为一个社交与信息分享平台,日信息量数以亿计,如何高效地搜索用户感兴趣的信息成为亟待解决的问题.提出了一个新颖的用户驱动的可视化微博信息搜索方法.方法 采用特征词及其权重来建模用户的兴趣特征,并基于此建立用户与特征词之间的相关关系.搜索微博信息时,首先定位与检索词相关的微博用户,在相关微博用户的微博中筛选与搜索相关的微博.另外,采用关注度传递算法对搜索进行扩展,将返回的特征词和微博用户进行可视化展示,并提供交互供用户查看与选定特征词或用户相关的微博.结果 实验结果表明,基于本文方法,用户可以高效地定位感兴趣的微博信息.结论 以用户作为桥梁,大大缩小了微博信息的搜索范围,同时采用关注度传递算法对搜索进行扩展,对结果进行可视化展示.实验表明本文方法能够使用户快速搜索出感兴趣的信息.     

Relationship between age differences and display parameters on visual comfort for autostereoscopic display

In order to investigate the age differences for viewing autostereoscopic display, we conduct a 3 × 3 × 3 × 4 mixed design with repeated measurement experiment by using three‐dimensional (3D) video clips. Visual comfort is compared between four age groups with a questionnaire. Results of subjective evaluation are compared through the chi‐square test to check if there is a statistical significance between groups with respect to the distribution of number and proportion according to five levels of visual comfort. Then we examine age differences of visual comfort under three key display parameters including crosstalk, ambient illumination, and disparity. The results indicate that the degree of comfort varies considerably among age groups as the parameters of the display system change. Although the seniors feel most discomfort and the children get best experience in general, there is no statistical difference among the subjects when the ambient illumination is medium or disparity is large. So, it is necessary to take account of the age differences in designing 3D display parameters for enhancing visual comfort.     

Lyapunov Design of Multivariable MRAC via Generalized Passivation

A Lyapunov design of multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) model‐reference adaptive control (MRAC) systems is proposed using new generalized passivity concepts based on WSPR and WASPR properties. The new design avoids control overparameterization and leads to the simplest unnormalized gradient algorithm by means of a passivating multiplier. To this end, a necessary and sufficient condition on the high frequency gain matrix to achieve the WASPR property is established. This condition is referred to as Positive Diagonal Jordan (PDJ) form. Based on the robustness WSPR and WASPR properties, a systematic determination of a robust passivating matrix multiplier is then presented. The advantages of the new design are illustrated by numerical simulation including a robotics adaptive visual servoing problem and a 4‐input‐4‐output dynamic system. © 2014 Chinese Automatic Control Society and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd     

基于智能视觉的透明液体可见异物检测软件设计

目前在国内的透明液体生产线上,液体通常采用人工检测,效率低、准确率,所以基于图形处理算法以及QT,设计了一套基于智能视觉的透明液体杂质颗粒检测软件,重点实现了软件与算法的改进优化;获取的连续图像经自适应中值滤波预处理去除图像噪声后,通过改进的序列图像二次差分算法提取出序列图中的细小的异物,然后根据通过SIFT特征度量的MeanShift目标跟踪算法,跟踪液体图像中的细小异物;并根据异物的运动轨迹及大小,检测到有无异物以及异物的类型,进而进一步判断透明药品质量是否合格;结果测试表明,软件的准确率达到95%以上,检测分辨率达到了44μm,基本可以替代透明液体生产线上的人工检测。     

机载控制视觉目标定位系统的设计与实现

机载控制视觉目标定位系统广泛应用于航空控制领域,对其进行设计和实现具有重要应用意义;针对机载控制视觉目标定位的特征,设计并实现了机载控制视觉目标定位系统,分析了系统的总体结构,包括视觉模块、飞控模块、导航模块以及无线传输模块,给出了系统主控箱、CAPA800主控制器、PCI04总线标准的主板、视觉传感器、PM1270T144C5N芯片的硬件结构,给出了系统的软件流程和视觉处理模块的流程,分析了基于CCS3.3代码开发调试平台的系统代码设计,最终实现机载控制视觉目标定位系统的设计与实现;实验结果说明,所设计系统获取的机载控制视觉目标清晰、有效,并且具有较高的目标定位效率和精度.     

DrawBot: a bio-inspired robotic portraitist

Abstract

We are developing the control architecture of a portraitist artificial agent called DrawBot that reproduces the visuomotor behaviour of a human carrying out a realistic portrait. The visuomotor strategy adopted by DrawBot is based on computational models of eye movements in human beings,and one xperimental findings on eye-hand coordination in expert draughtsmen. In this paper we present a behavioural model of the visuomotor coordination adopted by a draughtsman, designed in terms of visual routines.Eventually we outline the implementation of the basic routines.     

基于Web增强现实的高拱坝仓面施工可视化仿真研究

针对现有的高拱坝施工仿真将浇筑坝块作为最小单元进行仿真研究,忽略了浇筑坝块仓面内部胚层间施工过程的仿真,同时仿真结果的可视化手段与现场割裂,无法在任意场景结合现场实际画面进行结果分析和方案安排的问题,提出基于Web增强现实的高拱坝仓面施工可视化仿真方法。该方法主要包括两个方面:(1)对高拱坝仓面施工过程进行分析,构建高拱坝仓面施工精细仿真模型,并通过仿真计算获得仓面施工各个工序的施工历时;(2)采用Web增强现实技术将设计信息及仿真成果注册至施工现场图像,实现了信息在真实仓面上的直观展示,并实现Web浏览器跨平台的交互分析。结合实际工程开展了研究,结果表明,该方法实现了高拱坝施工进度的精细仿真并提高了可视化水平,施工管理人员可以便捷地结合现场实际情况对施工进度进行分析管理,从而保证大坝按时竣工。     

Skeleton pruning as trade-off between skeleton simplicity and reconstruction error

The position and orientation of moving platform mainly depends on global positioning system and inertial navigation system in the field of low-altitude surveying, mapping and remote sensing and land-based mobile mapping system. However, GPS signal is unavailable in the application of deep space exploration and indoor robot control. In such circumstances, image-based methods are very important for self-position and orientation of moving platform. Therefore, this paper firstly introduces state of the art development of the image-based self-position and orientation method (ISPOM) for moving platform from the following aspects: 1) A comparison among major image-based methods (i.e., visual odometry, structure from motion, simultaneous localization and mapping) for position and orientation; 2) types of moving platform; 3) integration schemes of image sensor with other sensors; 4) calculation methodology and quantity of image sensors. Then, the paper proposes a new scheme of ISPOM for mobile robot — depending merely on image sensors. It takes the advantages of both monocular vision and stereo vision, and estimates the relative position and orientation of moving platform with high precision and high frequency. In a word, ISPOM will gradually speed from research to application, as well as play a vital role in deep space exploration and indoor robot control.     

视觉导航相关技术发展及其研究分析

为了全面了解航空器应用背景下的视觉导航相关技术的研究与进展,深入分析了视觉导航关键技术。分别对与传感器图像相关的载体姿态提取技术、基于图像匹配算法的定位技术以及基于序列图像的速度测量技术这三种技术进行了全面阐述,重点论述了姿态与参考特征的关系、景像匹配定位的核心算法及速度测量的两类方法,并总结了视觉导航发展过程中的相关难点与发展趋势。