智能机器人混合型微控制器系统应用

在环境与障碍物信息是未知的情况下,建立一套基于环境侦测智能机器人主被动式微控制器系统,实现斜坡控制功能和避障控制功能,通过模拟与实验,针对两个不同的系统进行分析.斜坡微控制器实验结果,还是在可接受的范围.而避障微控制器系统方面,位置误差平均约2.135%,而角度误差平均约10.4275度,误差问题可能是因为使用者推力的影响,两种微控制器演算法,还是能够确能微控制器使用者到达目标点附近,以及朝向希望的朝向角.     

温室移动机器人运动控制器设计与实现

用运动控制器实现了移动机器人在非结构化、未知环境中的自主导航和定位。运动控制器由PIC单片机、运动控制模块、电机驱动模块、红外传感器模块、通讯模块以及相应的控制软件组成。利用两层前向BP神经网络实现多传器的信息融合。运动控制器在温室移动机器人上进行多次试验。试验结果表明，运动控制器和控制算法是可行的，并具：工程应用的前景。     

隧道反光环清洗机器人的设计与实验研究北大核心

为解决隧道反光环清洗困难的问题,设计一种隧道反光环自动清洗机器人。分别对机器人主框架、行走装置、清洗装置和智能检测系统等部分进行了规划与设计,确定各部分的主要功能和实现方式,并利用ANSYS Workbench对主框架进行静力学分析。机器人样机真实隧道环境实验结果表明:该隧道反光环清洗机器人结构与控制设计合理,工作状况良好,在不影响隧道正常通车的情况下完成了反光环的清洗。     

基于行为法队形保持中的队形反馈

本文对研究多移动机器人保持队形的方法进行了分析，提出一种实现多移动机器人保持队形和控制的协调体系结构；将基于行为的方法和队形反馈应用于该结构上，提出了控制策略，并从理论上证明了系统是渐进稳定的，仿真实验表明控制策略是合理的。     

Efficient collision-free path-planning of multiple mobile robots system using efficient artificial bee colony algorithm

This paper aims to propose a novel design approach for on-line path planning of the multiple mobile robots system with free collision. Based on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, we propose an efficient artificial bee colony (EABC) algorithm for solving the on-line path planning of multiple mobile robots by choosing the proper objective function for target, obstacles, and robots collision avoidance. The proposed EABC algorithm enhances the performance by using elite individuals for preserving good evolution, the solution sharing provides a proper direction for searching, the instant update strategy provides the newest information of solution. By the proposed approach, the next positions of each robot are designed. Thus, the mobiles robots can travel to the designed targets without collision. Finally, simulation results of illustration examples are introduced to show the effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach.     

基于CPG的双足机器人多层步行控制器设计

针对双足机器人步行控制器的设计问题,基于生物学启发原理,提出一种基于中枢模式发生器(CPG)与稳定性分析相结合的多层次结构控制器设计方法。分析机器人的步行运动,给出双足运动描述。基于CPG理论设计多层次结构的步行控制器,应用极限环理论方法分析运动稳定性。在保证步行稳定的前提下,所提出的控制方法具有结构简单、通用性好、方便在线平滑修正等优点,步行仿真实验验证了所提出算法的有效性。     

Effects of form and motion on judgments of social robots׳ animacy,likability, trustworthiness and unpleasantness

One of robot designers׳ main goals is to make robots as sociable as possible. Aside from improving robots׳ actual social functions, a great deal of effort is devoted to making them appear lifelike. This is often achieved by endowing the robot with an anthropomorphic body. However, psychological research on the perception of animacy suggests another crucial factor that might also contribute to attributions of animacy: movement characteristics. In the current study, we investigated how the combination of bodily appearance and movement characteristics of a robot can alter people׳s attributions of animacy, likability, trustworthiness, and unpleasantness. Participants played games of Tic-Tac-Toe against a robot which (1) either possessed a human form or did not, and (2) either exhibited smooth, lifelike movement or did not. Naturalistic motion was judged to be more animate than mechanical motion, but only when the robot resembled a human form. Naturalistic motion improved likeability regardless of the robot׳s appearance. Finally, a robot with a human form was rated as more disturbing when it moved naturalistically. Robot designers should be aware that movement characteristics play an important role in promoting robots׳ apparent animacy.     

Gait Generation and Stabilization for Nearly Passive Dynamic Walking Using Auto‐distributed Impulses

We propose a state feedback control design via linearization for flexible walking on flat ground. First, we generate nearly passive limit cycles, being stable or not, using impulsive toe‐off actuations. The term ‘nearly passive’ means that the dynamics is completely passive almost everywhere except at the toe‐off moment. A feature of our gait generation method is that walking gaits are characterized only by amounts of supplied energy, and we observe that other variables, including input torques, are auto‐balanced via our method. After gait generation, we design a feedback controller considering robustness and input saturation. As a result, each limit cycle can be matched with its respective controller classified only by energy levels. We have verified that walking speeds monotonically increase by adding more energy, and the ankle joint plays a significant role in compass‐gait walking. Finally, instead of applying impulsive torques, we discuss a practical issue regarding realistic control inputs that ensure stable gait transitions as energy levels are elevated.     

面向智能家居/智慧生活的服务机器人技术与系统

随着机器人技术的发展以及服务机器人形态的日益丰富,智能家居/智慧生活逐渐成为一种未来的生活方式。文章探索了智能家居和智慧生活的服务机器人技术与系统,在其众多的关键技术中,重点探讨了面向服务机器人的云端融合技术以及高用户体验度的人-机器人交互技术。并以家庭服务机器人为例,实现了基于微信和语音云的人-机器人交互方式,验证了基于云架构的家庭服务机器人体系结构的可行性。文章所提出的服务机器人技术与系统是智能家居、智慧生活的一种实现方式,为未来形形色色的服务机器人技术方案提供了一些思路。     

Application of parallel mechanism in varistructured quadruped/biped human-carrying walking chair robot

For the existing problems of walking chair robot such as simple function,lower bearing capacity and not walking in complex environment,a novel varistructured quadruped / biped human-carrying walking chair robot is proposed.The proposed robot could be used as biped and quadruped walking chair robots.Considering the conversion of the walking chair robot from the quadruped to the biped or vice versa,6-UPS and 2-UPS+UP(U,P and S are universal joint,the prismatic pair,and sphere joint,respectively) parallel mechanisms are selected as the leg mechanism of the biped walking robot and quadruped walking robot,respectively.Combining the screw theory and theory of mechanism,the degrees of freedom of the leg mechanism and the body mechanism in diferent motion states are computed so as to meet the requirements of mechanism design.The motion characteristics of the 2-UPS+UP parallel mechanism which is the key part of the walking chair robot are analyzed.Then,the workspace of the moving platform is drawn and the efect of the structural parameters on the workspace volume is studied.Finally,it is found that the volume of the workspace of the moving platform is bigger when the side length ratio and the vertex angle ratio of the fxed platform and the moving platform which are isosceles triangles are close to 1.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the prototype development.