黄河水质与沿线城市社会适应能力耦合协调分析

通过建立黄河水质与社会适应能力评价指标体系,结合主成分分析法和熵权法,定量揭示2012-2019年黄河沿线11个城市的黄河水质与社会适应能力的演变趋势,并对两者的耦合协调发展态势进行了分析。结果表明：研究区内多数城市黄河水质多年平均状况良好,仅运城市和呼和浩特市河段水质较差,以营养物和有机物污染为主;多数城市社会适应能力呈波动上升趋势,运城市则稳定在最低水平,菏泽市次之,经济支撑薄弱是两城市低社会适应水平的主因;城市黄河水质与社会适应能力两系统整体处于良好耦合、中级协调状态,黄河水质整体上具备承载沿线城市经济社会发展的潜能,但社会适应能力系统应对黄河水环境恶化所能产生的社会修复稍有欠缺;菏泽市、呼和浩特市和银川市处于初级协调状态,运城市处于勉强协调状态,两系统间存在单向乃至双向约束。     

Deployment of cybersecurity for managing traffic efficiency and safety in smart cities

Boosting the concept of smart cities for implementing an intelligent management of traffic congestion while reducing cybersecurity concerns will not only be more efficient for reducing traffic congestion but also more resilient to cyber incidents. In this paper we proposed a framework that can act as a generalized firewall and work interactively with several critical infrastructures in a smart city to protect the respective operations from a variety of cyber threats. The objective is to develop several steps for a comprehensive traffic management framework in smart cities that facilitates the cooperation among drivers and between drivers and the traffic management authority. The transformative nature of the proposed study supports its applications to a variety of networked critical infrastructures, including electricity, gas, water, rails, and telecommunications, as they intend to respond effectively to a wide range of weather- or human-related disruptions. The contributions of this paper include: Improving the traffic management performance in urban transportation systems, assessing and mitigating the cybersecurity risk in urban traffic management, and facilitating efficient and cyber-secure traffic management in metropolitan areas; Developing and testing an interactive simulation platform for evaluating the traffic management performance under various traffic conditions; Validating and demonstrating the applications in a practical urban transportation system; Disseminating the proposed study results to a wide range of concerned audiences via user-group meetings, detailed education forums, and a close collaboration with the local traffic management authority.     

星载双极化SAR冬小麦物候期识别方法

冬小麦是中国主要的粮食作物之一,准确及时地获取冬小麦物候信息是冬小麦长势监测和产量预估的必要条件。星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)是一种微波遥感设备,具有全天时、全天候的优势,可实现对周期性农作物物候期大范围监测。基于时间序列Sentinel-1A SAR数据,提出一种星载双极化SAR冬小麦物候期识别方法。该方法基于特征值分解和极化散射分析技术,提取不同物候期冬小麦的后向散射系数、极化熵、主导散射角等参数,实现冬小麦物候期识别。实验结果表明,物候期识别总体精确度达到79%。该方法在冬小麦生长监测方面具有实用推广价值。     

夏热冬暖地区住宅建筑节能的误区

夏热冬暖地区南区的建筑节能工作的实施过程中,存在各种误区,有观念上对建筑节能的误解,也有技术上为了应付节能审查而采取的对策,还有设计施工等各方面容易忽略的细节问题.本文试从六个方面探讨住宅建筑节能的误区,以期树立和坚持正确的节能观念.     

城市河湖湿地景观价值评估方法研究

城市河湖湿地作为城市社会经济发展的重要资源已越来越被社会广泛重视。通过对城市河湖湿地景观价值的分析,构建了适应城市河湖湿地景观价值的评价体系,并利用意愿价值评估法和旅行费用法等方法实现对评价体系的指标量化,用价值工程理论来综合衡量工程景观价值的功效,为开展城市河湖湿地改造的投资决策提供经济评价支持。最后结合实例介绍了该方法的具体应用。     

中国河口海岸风暴潮及海洋动力三维数值预报模型(CHINACOAST)研究Ⅱ:模型验证与应用

简述了在我国珠江口应用实测潮位过程、海表温度以及冬、夏季盐度分布资料对模型的验证与参数率定。在此基础上应用中国河口海岸风暴潮及海洋动力三维数值预报模型(CHINACOAST),对我国沿海冬季东北季风作用下的环流进行了模拟计算,并对环流特征进行了分析。模型被进一步用来模拟在9316号台风影响下珠江口的风暴潮位、海流过程及分布结构的变化。     

空气源热泵热水系统在冬冷夏热地区的应用探讨

空气源热泵热水系统是一种高效的建筑节能方式,但其工作过程复杂,投资昂贵.探讨了如何在冬冷夏热的长江中下游地区合理选配热泵热水系统,达到最佳技术经济效益.认为在该地区,热泵热水机组的配用功率应以春秋季气温平均值配置更合理     

商丘市城市居民住宅能耗调查与分析

为了解经济欠发达的中小城市建筑能耗的特点,作者对河南商丘市城市居民住宅能耗进行调查与分析。对居民基本情况、电力消耗、燃料消耗和室内热环境4方面问题进行了问卷调查,得到了该地区的建筑能耗指标、家用电器拥有和使用情况,并分析了室内热环境现状。     

Reality check: Planning education in the African urban century

Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa owes much to the colonial legacies that inform the shape and composition of African urban spaces and places. This applies to legislation, institutional systems and planning education. In 2008, the Association of African Planning Schools AAPSs embarked on a 3-year initiative on the revitalisation of planning education in Africa, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. The aim of the project was to propose ways through which the training of urban planners can be more responsive to the special circumstances of African urbanisation. This paper reflects on this initiative.     

A structured methodology for assessing and improving e-services in digital cities

Many cities all over the world are making large investments for the construction of big network infrastructures, in order to offer to local public organizations, businesses and citizens high speed connectivity, and on top of them useful e-services, aiming to achieve various social and economic objectives. The value generated from these costly ‘digital city’ investments is actually the value provided to the citizens and businesses by the e-services that will be developed and run on these network infrastructures. This paper proposes and validates a structured methodology for assessing and improving e-services developed in digital cities. The proposed methodology assesses the various types of value generated by an e-service, and also the relations among them, allowing a more structured evaluation, a deeper understanding of the value generation process and also identification and prioritization of the improvements that should be made in the e-service with the usually scarce resources in municipalities. This methodology is applied for the evaluation of an e-learning service developed in the Greek city of Karlovassi for young citizens, and also for the prioritization of the necessary improvements in it. The above application provided positive and encouraging evidence concerning the validity, usefulness and applicability of the proposed method.