景观水原位修复的生物激活剂研究

由酵母膏、氨基酸和维生素等组成的生物激活剂,能刺激水体中土著微生物的生长和提高微生物的活性.配制模拟废水研究生物激活剂对微生物生长的刺激作用,在投加生物激活剂后,CODCr、氨氮和磷等的去除都有显著的增加.还对实际景观水样的修复进行了实验研究,结果表明:投加生物激活剂的水样,与空白相比,CODCr去除率增加了27.3%,溶解氧提升21.2%,浊度的去除率增加了23.6%,氨氮的去除率增加了11.5%.生物激活剂原位修复技术具有易于操作、成本低、无二次污染等优点,预期在住宅小区的人工湖、园林池塘等封闭或半封闭的景观水体修复方面,将具有良好的推广应用前景.     

Protein biostimulant foliar uptake modeling: The impact of climatic conditions

Biostimulants are substances which promote plant metabolism and are able to increase yields of various crops. However, their efficiency at field can be affected by climatic conditions. A novel mathematical model based on diffusion transport mechanism is proposed to predict the biostimulant uptake at different climatic conditions. The main input model parameter is experimentally measured effective diffusion coefficient of the biostimulant. The model is applied to a biostimulant prepared from leather waste by enzymatic hydrolysis. Simulations show that climatic conditions have significant impact on biostimulant penetration and should not be neglected in biostimulant application and further research. The suggested model is able to explain observed differences between laboratory and field biostimulant investigations, as well as draw recommendations for protein biostimulant application. The model also shows that the theoretical tools of chemical engineering can be used for optimization of biostimulant performance. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012     

Enzymatic vegetable extract with bio‐ active components: Influence of fertiliser on the colour and anthocyanins of red grapes

BACKGROUND: The obtention and physicochemical characterization of an enzymatic vegetable extract (EVE) from agroindustrial wastes by a proteolytic extraction is described. The main components of EVE are nitrogen (peptides and free amino acids) and phytohormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins), as functional components. The effect of EVE as fertilizer/biostimulant on several parameters of red grapes, such as colour and anthocyanins, was also evaluated. RESULTS: Its application induced high anthocyanin content with the specific induction of petunidin. Tristimulus colorimetry was applied in order to study the colour of musts. Grape juice with significant and perceptible differences in colour characteristics was obtained using EVE. The colour points were located around redder hues (h_ab) on the (a*b*)‐plane and lightness (L*) was lower. CONCLUSION: The fertilization with biostimulant shows a promising future in the functional plant nutrition linked with an increase in the organoleptic and quality food parameters. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

多自然生态技术对点源污染的感潮河道修复研究

采用生物激活技术、多功能生态浮岛与磁化抑藻曝气技术集成的多自然生态技术对江苏省太仓市樊泾河进行生态修复的现场试验。结果表明生物激活剂对存在点源污染的感潮河道具有较好的修复效果,NH3-N、TP、CODCr和叶绿素α去除率分别达到61.8%、50.4%、31.3%和75.2%以上。多自然生态技术可以发挥不同技术间的协同作用,进一步改善水质并稳定修复效果,强化对藻类的控制,明显提高水体的透明度。     

Integrated Metabolomics and Morpho-Biochemical Analyses Reveal a Better Performance of Azospirillum brasilense over Plant-Derived Biostimulants in Counteracting Salt Stress in Tomato

Increased soil salinity is one of the main concerns in agriculture and food production, and it negatively affects plant growth and crop productivity. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity stress, plant biostimulants (PBs) have been indicated as a promising approach. Indeed, these products have a beneficial effect on plants by acting on primary and secondary metabolism and by inducing the accumulation of protective molecules against oxidative stress. In this context, the present work is aimed at comparatively investigating the effects of microbial (i.e., Azospirillum brasilense) and plant-derived biostimulants in alleviating salt stress in tomato plants by adopting a multidisciplinary approach. To do so, the morphological and biochemical effects were assessed by analyzing the biomass accumulation and root characteristics, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic stress protection. Furthermore, modifications in the metabolomic profiles of both leaves and root exudates were also investigated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS). According to the results, biomass accumulation decreased under high salinity. However, the treatment with A. brasilense considerably improved root architecture and increased root biomass by 156% and 118% in non-saline and saline conditions, respectively. The antioxidant enzymes and proline production were enhanced in salinity stress at different levels according to the biostimulant applied. Moreover, the metabolomic analyses pointed out a wide set of processes being affected by salinity and biostimulant interactions. Crucial compounds belonging to secondary metabolism (phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and other N-containing metabolites, and membrane lipids) and phytohormones (brassinosteroids, cytokinins and methylsalicylate) showed the most pronounced modulation. Overall, our results suggest a better performance of A. brasilense in alleviating high salinity than the vegetal-derived protein hydrolysates herein evaluated.     

生物激活液对景观水体的生物修复

在消化吸收引进生物修复药剂的基础上以农业废弃物秸秆制成的生化黄腐酸为原料,自主研发生物激活液配方,用于受污染的景观水体的生物生态修复.由两种不同含量生化黄腐酸原料分别形成生物激活液Ⅰ型和生物激活液Ⅱ型考察了两种生物激活液对校园青春河等水体的修复效果,结果表明生物激活液Ⅰ型的效果优于Ⅱ型且较为稳定.与引进药剂BO、NC进...