自适应惯性权重的改进粒子群算法

针对标准PSO算法求解高维非线性问题时存在的大量无效迭代(经过一轮迭代后全局最优位置保持不变),提出了一种自适应惯性权重的改进粒子群算法。基于单次迭代中单粒子运动状态的分析,提出并证明了论点:上一轮迭代适应度值变差的粒子,当前迭代中其惯性分量将引导粒子往适应度值变差的方向运动,导致粒子群体无效迭代次数增加。设计了标准PSO算法改进方案,将上一轮迭代中适应度值变差的全体粒子的惯性权重置为零,消除当前迭代中不利惯性分量对算法收敛的不良影响。采用6个标准测试函数,将该算法与标准PSO算法、固定惯性权重PSO算法和具有领袖的PSO算法进行性能对比分析。试验表明,该改进算法无效迭代次数更少,在收敛率、收敛速度和收敛稳定性上均具有明显的优势。     

基于特征优选模拟电路故障诊断方法

传统基于最小二乘支持向量机模拟电路故障诊断方法都是使用单一的特征向量组合训练支持向量机所有二分类器,然而实际上每个二分类器对不同的特征向量组合有不同的分类精度。因此,提出了基于马氏距离的粒子群优化算法,为最小二乘支持向量机所有二分类器优选出近最优的特征向量组合。然后,将近最优特征向量组合用于训练和测试该支持向量机。最后把该方法应用于模拟电路早期故障诊断,实验结果表明,基于近最优特征向量组合的诊断精度要高于单一特征向量组合的诊断精度。     

W型辐射管的燃烧优化以及流固耦合分析方法研究

采用Fluent软件模拟W型辐射管内部流体的燃烧状况,在不同空气过剩系数、不同燃气流量以及不同空气预热温度工况下,对辐射管内燃烧流场进行了数值模拟,得出合理可行的空气过剩系数、燃气流量和空气预热温度.在此基础上通过流固耦合分析求出辐射管的结构变形及应力分布.比较全面地对辐射管进行了分析,对类似问题具有一定的参考价值.     

索塔式风力发电机塔架优化设计

提出一种索塔式新型风力发电塔架,确定了纤绳锚固点高度、初张力及纤绳与地面夹角等参数;以实际工程为背景,根据ANSYS一阶优化方法,编制了索塔式风电塔架和单管塔的APDL优化程序,对两种塔架分别进行截面优化和结构优化.对比结果表明,索塔式塔架具有比单管塔基础工程量小﹑运输方便、施工难度小等优点.就索塔式塔架而言,增大纤绳初张力可有效减小塔底弯矩,在一定范围内增大纤绳初张力可有效提高塔架稳定性.     

高速列车转向架中心销铸造过程数值模拟

CRH380中心销是高速列车向架的关键铸件,射线探伤要达到一级标准,要求有先进的铸造工艺做保证,为此必须对铸造工艺进行优化。首先采用华铸CAE软件对初步设计的铸造工艺进行模拟,而后选择最佳工艺方案进行浇注实验,对铸件毛坯进行射线探伤、正十字解剖检查内部质量。结果表明,对于CRH380中心销铸件,采用单侧进水、热节处放置顶冒口的传统浇注工艺方案,浇注过程中卷气易在铸件中形成气孔,只在热节处安放冒口时在平板处易形成缩松;将铸件中部的中空锥体铸成实体,使热结集中并向平板方向移动,强制造成顺序凝固的条件,而后采用只设顶冒口浇注工艺方案,则除锥体心部外有少量的缩松外,其他部分没有缩松、缩孔、夹杂等缺陷,射线探伤评定为一级。铸造过程数值模拟结果与实际铸造结果基本吻合。     

Specific energy optimization in sawing of rocks using Taguchi approah简

This work aims at selecting optimal operating variables to obtain the minimum specific energy （SE） in sawing of rocks. A particular granite was sampled and sawn by a fully automated circular diamond sawblades. The peripheral speed, the traverse speed, the cut depth and the flow rate of cooling fluid were selected as the operating variables. Taguchi approach was adopted as a statistical design of experimental technique for optimization studies. The results were evaluated based on the analysis of variance and signal-to-noise ratio （S/N ratio）. Statistically significant operating variables and their percentage contribution to the process were also determined. Additionally, a statistical model was developed to demonstrate the relationship between SE and operating variables using regression analysis and the model was then verified. It was found that the optimal combination of operating variables for minimum SE is the peripheral speed of 25 m/s, the traverse speed of 70 cm/min, the cut depth of 2 cm and the flow rate of cooling fluid of 100 mL/s. The cut depth and traverse speed were statistically determined as the significant operating variables affecting the SE, respectively. Furthermore, the regression model results reveal that the predictive model has a high applicability for practical applications.     

Connecting parameters optimization on unsymmetrical twin-tower structure linked by sky-bridge

Based on a simplified 3-DOF model of twin-tower structure linked by a sky-bridge, the frequency response functions, the displacement power spectral density （PSD） functions, and the time-averaged total vibration energy were derived, by assuming the white noise as the earthquake excitation. The effects of connecting parameters, such as linking stiffness ratio and linking damping ratio, on the structural vibration responses were then studied, and the optimal connecting parameters were obtained to minimize the vibration energy of either the independent monomer tower or the integral structure. The influences of sky-bridge elevation position on the optimal connecting parameters were also discussed. Finally, the distribution characteristics of the top displacement PSD and the structural responses, excited by El Centro, Taft and artificial waves, were compared in both frequency and time domain. It is found that the connecting parameters at either end of connection interactively affect the responses of the towers. The optimal connecting parameters can greatly improve the damping connections on their seismic reduction effectiveness, but are unable to reduce the seismic responses of the towers to the best extent simultaneously. It is also indicated that the optimal connecting parameters derived from the simplified 3-DOF model are applicable for two multi-story structures linked by a sky-bridge with dampers. The seismic reduction effectiveness obtained varies from 0.3 to 1.0 with different sky-bridge mass ratio. The displacement responses of the example structures are reduced by approximately 22% with sky-bridge connections.     

An optimization model of UAV route planning for road segment surveillance

Unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） was introduced to take road segment traffic surveillance. Considering the limited UAV maximum flight distance, UAV route planning problem was studied. First, a multi-objective optimization model of planning UAV route for road segment surveillance was proposed, which aimed to minimize UAV cruise distance and minimize the number of UAVs used. Then, an evolutionary algorithm based on Pareto optimality technique was proposed to solve multi-objective UAV route planning problem. At last, a UAV flight experiment was conducted to test UAV route planning effect, and a case with three scenarios was studied to analyze the impact of different road segment lengths on UAV route planning. The case results show that the optimized cruise distance and the number of UAVs used decrease by an average of 38.43% and 33.33%, respectively. Additionally, shortening or extending the length of road segments has different impacts on UAV route planning.     

A hybrid cuckoo search algorithm with feasibility-based rule for constrained structural optimization

Constrained optimization problems are very important as they are encountered in many science and engineering applications. As a novel evolutionary computation technique, cuckoo search （CS） algorithm has attracted much attention and wide applications, owing to its easy implementation and quick convergence. A hybrid cuckoo pattern search algorithm （HCPS） with feasibility-based rule is proposed for solving constrained numerical and engineering design optimization problems. This algorithm can combine the stochastic exploration of the cuckoo search algorithm and the exploitation capability of the pattern search method. Simulation and comparisons based on several well-known benchmark test functions and structural design optimization problems demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency and robustness of the proposed HCPS algorithm.     

Application of experimental design in optimization of crude oil adsorption from saline waste water using raw bagasse简

Experimental design was applied in the optimization of crude oil adsorption from saline waste water using raw bagasse.The application of response surface methodology（RSM） was presented with temperature,salinity of water,pH,adsorbent dose,and initial oil content as factors.A quadratic model could be used to approximate the mathematical relationship of crude oil removal on the five significant independent variables.Predicted values and experimental values are found to be in good agreement with R2 of 97.44%.The result of optimization shows that the maximum crude oil removal is equal to 67.38% under the optimal condition of temperature of 46.53 °C,salinity of 37.2 g/L,pH of 3,adsorbent dose of 9 g/L and initial oil content of 300×10-6.