Influence of thinning on acidic deposition in Chinese fir plantations简

Acidic deposition,which is mainly caused by atmospheric pollution,is one of the global environmental problems.Thinning is an effective management to improve the tree productivity,reduce the wildfire risk and maintain a healthy forest.Since thinning may reduce the effect of acidic deposition,the effect of thinning on acidic deposition was estimated.The biomass,soil properties,pH value of runoff and groundwater in both unthinned and thinned Chinese fir plantations were measured and compared over a 5-year period（2-6 years after thinning）.The results indicated that acidic deposition in the Huitong State Ecosystem Research Station was serious,and it got worse with time.Forest thinning resulted in a huge change in biomass and soil properties.During the 5-year monitoring period,biomasses of understory and litter,plant species richness,coverage of undergrowth plant layer were significantly higher in thinned site than in unthinned site.Moreover,higher soil fertility as well as lower amounts of runoff and groundwater were found in thinned site.It was suggested that thinning could improve the structure of forest,leading to restoring the effluent（runoff and groundwater） pH to the normal value.     

Upper bound limit analysis of roof collapse in shallow tunnels with arbitrary cross sections under condition of seepage force

The analytical solutions for predicting the exact shape of collapse mechanisms in shallow tunnels with arbitrary excavation profiles were obtained by virtue of the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and variation principle according to Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The seepage force was included in the upper bound limit analysis, and it was computed from the gradient of excess pore pressure distribution. The seepage was regarded as a work rate of external force. The numerical results of roof collapse in square and circular tunnels with different rock parameters were derived and discussed, which proves to be valid in comparison with the previous work. The influences of different parameters on the shape of collapsing blocks were also discussed.     

Microstructure and properties of electronic packaging shell with high silicon carbide aluminum-base composites by semi-solid thixoforming

The electronic packaging shell with high silicon carbide aluminum-base composites was prepared by semi-solid thixoforming technique. The flow characteristic of the Si C particulate was analyzed. The microstructures of different parts of the shell were observed by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and the thermophysical and mechanical properties of the shell were tested. The results show that there exists the segregation phenomenon between the Si C particulate and the liquid phase during thixoforming, the liquid phase flows from the shell, and the Si C particles accumulate at the bottom of the shell. The volume fraction of Si C decreases gradually from the bottom to the walls. Accordingly, the thermal conductivities of bottom center and walls are 178 and 164 W·m-1·K-1, the coefficients of thermal expansion（CTE） are 8.2×10-6 and 12.6×10-6 K-1, respectively. The flexural strength decreases slightly from 437 to 347 MPa. The microstructures and properties of the shell show gradient distribution.     

煤气锅炉机组变负荷运行安全经济性分析

宁波钢铁有限公司余能发电厂135 MW汽轮发电机组利用富余煤气进行发电,承担了公司煤气调峰任务,导致机组负荷波动较大.通过变负荷试验,对机组变负荷运行时锅炉汽包使用寿命、锅炉水循环可靠性等进行全面分析,给出了经济性比较,提出了定滑定优化运行方式及运行时应注意的事项.     

基于总体坐标法的大变形锚泊线的静力分析

为解决锚泊线轴向大拉伸问题,提出了一种联合应用总体坐标、能量变分原理和有限元法的解决方法。通过总体坐标使用节点斜率取代转角,直接在总体坐标系下以当前构形形成微元非线性应变位移关系的描述方法,同时建立当前构形与参考构形下的参量映射关系;利用能量变分原理建立应变能和外力功的平衡方程,进而形成锚泊线的单元刚度矩阵;按照有限元法完成单元组装和数值求解。这种方法在三维空间内较为准确地刻画了锚泊线的大转动和大拉伸变形,并且在单元组装时,不必进行局部坐标与总体坐标之间的转换,节省了计算时间。与具有解析解的可拉伸悬链线理论的对比显示,该方法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的计算精度。     

光电探测器薄膜生长条件及机理分析

将苝四甲酸二酐（3,4,9,10-perlenetetracrboxylic dianhydride,PTCDA）真空蒸发到无机半导体p-Si衬底上,研制的p-Si/PTCDA异质结光电探测器,对光照非常敏感,是一种响应度很高的宽带光电子元器件。讨论分析了不同的衬底制备条件制备p-Si/PTCDA异质结薄膜的情况,实验结果表明,制备过程中细微的环境变化,显著影响了器件质量,通过分析成膜质量与器件内部微观机制、能带结构、载流子输运之间的关系,确定制备异质结有机薄膜的硅晶面选择,以及衬底的温度最佳的选择范围。     

改进的提升小波变步长LMS滤波算法及其应用

通过对变步长LMS自适应滤波算法和提升小波变换理论进行研究,将两种算法换相结合,提出一种新的提升小波变步长LMS自适应滤波改进算法;根据信号特征对更新算子和预测算子自适应的构造,对正交分解的信号进行变步长LMS自适应消噪,提高了收敛速度和稳定性;通过仿真分析,证明了改进的提升小波变步长LMS滤波算法具有较快的收敛速度和更强的抑噪能力;最后,将提出的方法应用于低速重载齿轮箱的故障诊断中,分析结果表明,该方法是一种非常有效的故障特征处理方法。     

箭竹1井胶凝酸酸压返排液处理及回注技术

胶凝酸主要由盐酸和胶凝剂配制而成,在低渗透碳酸盐岩地层压裂时,盐酸溶蚀地层,沟通缝隙。胶凝酸与地层岩石的化学反应在2小时内完成,返排液中的残酸用以NaOH为主的碱中和剂处理,通过中和、沉降、过滤、杀菌等一系列处理后回注地层。     

多阶段复合期权模型在新药研发中的应用研究

考虑到新药研发周期长和高度的不确定性的特点,在实物期权理论的基础上建立了多阶段复合期权的评价模型,针对二阶段定价模型的不足,提出了各阶段波动率不同的三阶段定价模型,并得到其封闭解。最后用改进的三阶段变波动率复合期权模型来评估一个新药研发项目的价值,计算结果表明模型具有较好的实用性。     

虎红定量光度法测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素

基于乳糖酸阿奇霉素与虎红形成离子缔合物,该离子缔合物的最大吸收在波长560nm处,此处其吸光度与质量浓度呈现线性关系,提出了一种测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素的定量光度法。详细研究了该显色反应的各种影响条件,在条件优化基础上建立了乳糖酸阿奇霉素的测定方法,结果表明乳糖酸阿奇霉素质量浓度的线性范围在5.0~25.0g·L-1之间。所拟方法成功地应用于乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射剂的测定。