Synthesis and characteristics of SiC whiskers with “rosary bead” morphology

SiC whiskers with ″rosary bead″ morphology were synthesized using suitable silicon source and carbon source through solid reaction at the temperature above 1537 K. The diameter and length of the SiC whiskers were about 0.1-1.0 μm and 20-100 μm,respectively. The largest diameter of their enlarged ends of the whiskers was about 0.2-1.0 μm, and it gradually and smoothly decreased to the size of the plain part of the whiskers. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis show that the crystalline structure of the obtained SiC whiskers is β-SiC. It is considered that the SiC whiskers grow via a vapor-solid mechanism.     

影响kluyveromyces fragilis β-D-半乳糖苷酶催化合成低聚半乳糖的因素

研究了酶反应的温度、pH值、底物浓度和反应时间等对kluyveromyces fragilis β-D-半乳糖苷酶催化合成低聚半乳糖的影响．结果显示，以乳糖为底物．kluyveromyces fragilis β-D-半乳糖苷酶催化合成低聚半乳糖的最适温度为60℃，最适pH值为6．0，酶法合成低聚半乳糖的产率随着底物浓度增加而增加．kluyveromyces fragilis β-D-半乳糖苷酶催化低聚半乳糖合成的初速度较快．随着反应时间延长．反应速率降低，反应20h酶反应达到平衡．以660mg/mL乳糖为底物．在最适酪反应条件下，酪法合成低聚半乳糖的产率为207．12mg／mL。     

陆良与保山盆地第三系浅层气田开发规律探讨

以云南陆良、保山盆地第三系浅层气田为例,结合国内外浅层气田的开发经验,探讨浅层气田的开发规律,以指导同类气田的开发.浅层气田一般气藏规模小,气柱高度小;产层疏松,大部分气藏为有水气藏;生产时气藏无水生产时间短、稳产时间短,气井容易出水、出砂,其开发规律明显区别于中深层整装构造型气藏.针对陆良、保山浅层气田生产表现的"三低"(低单井日产水平、低采气速率、低采出程度),气井见水快,井筒容易积液,产层容易出砂,出水大则出砂也大等特点,提出以下对策:(1)依据多井小压差原则,进一步完善井网,避免频繁激动气井;(2)严格按.规定压差生产,及时确定气井"三稳定"的最佳工作制度,生产中;(3)尽量减少或杜绝井口气量调节,更不能轻易关井;(4)一旦发生气井水淹,尽快采取措施,避免造成井底或地层的严重污染,给复产带来困难;(5)加强气田生产测井、试井、产能测试,取全取准各项资料,及时进行动态分析与动态监测,对生产中出现的问题做到早发现、早解决.从而保证气田平稳、正常开采.     

磷酸二氢钠催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的研究

研究以磷酸二氢钠为催化剂，环己酮和乙二醇为原料合成了环己酮乙二醇缩酮，并考察了各种因素对反应的影响．实验确定了较优的反应条件为环己酮0．1mol，环己酮：乙二醇=1：1．5(mol／mol)，催化剂用量为1．40g，带水剂环己烷10mL，反应回流时间180min，其产品收率达90．6％．该方法的优点是环己酮的转化率高，催化剂重复使用性能较好．     

金属硫族化合物晶体的研究进展

金属硫族化合物具有特殊的物理化学性质，在半导体材料、催化剂载体、固体化学、电磁及光学特性等高科技领域具有不可替代的重要性．近10年来人们竞相研究，用各种方法合成了成百上千新的金属硫化物、硒化物和碲化物，形成0～3维多硫金属材料，其晶体合成方法有：电化学法、固相合成法、溶剂热法等．文章综述了金属硫族化合物几种合成方法、介绍了晶体的结构特征及其新进展．     

燃料电池

近一阶段，有关燃料电池的研究报道比较多，主要集中在为交通工具提供动力的氢燃料电池的研究和为移动设备提供电源的甲醇燃料电池的研究两方面。特别是为笔记本电脑等移动设备提供电源的甲醇燃料电池的研究，取得了飞速发展，即将实现规模化生产，令人关注。     

煤化所煤基液体燃料合成浆态床工业化关键技术通过鉴定

10月23日至24日，以陈俊武院士为组长的专家组在山西太原对煤化所承担的中科院创新重大项目‘煤基液体燃料合成浆态床工业化技术”中的合成技术进行了院级成果鉴定。     

直接甲醇型燃料电池在计算机电源中的应用

众所周知,燃料电池汽车正进行公路行驶试验(我国"超越1号"也进入行驶试验行列).而家用电-热双供燃料电池系统,日本等也要将它在2005年实行产品化.意料之外的是个人计算机用燃料电池也实现了大飞跃,先于2004年实现产品化.     

Citrate-Gel Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of α-Zn3 （PO4）2 Doped with Eu^3＋

By using inorganic salts as raw materials and citric acid as complexing agent, α-Zn3(PO4)2 and Eu^3 doped α-Zn3( PO4)2 phosphor powders were prepared by a citrate-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), TG - DTA, FF - IR and luminescence excitation and emission spectra were used to characterize the resulting products. The results of XRD reveal that the powders begin to crystallize at 500℃ and pure α-Zn3(PO4)2 phase is obtained at 800℃. And the results of XRD reveal that Eu^3 exists as EuPO4 in the powder. In the phosphor powders, the Eu^3 shows its characteristic red-orange(592 nm, ^5D0 -^7F1) emission and has no quenching concentration.     

CuO／CeO2 Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide in Excess Hydrogen

CuO/CeO2 catalysts were prepared by a coprecipitation method and tested for CO removal from reformed fuels via selective oxidation. The influence of the calcination temperature on the chemical compositions and catalytic performance of CuO/CeO2 catalysts were studied. It was found that CuO/CeO2 catalysts exhibit excellent CO oxidation activity and selectivity, and the complete removal of CO is attained when the catalysts are calcined at appropriate temperatures. XRD, TPR and XPS results indicate that CuO/CeO2 catalysts exhibit higher catalytic performance in CO selective oxidation due to the strong interaction between copper oxide and cerium dioxide, which promotes the dispersion and hydrogen reduction activity of copper.