Effects of laser heat treatment on the fracture morphologies of X80 pipeline steel welded joints by stress corrosion

The surfaces of X80 pipeline steel welded joints were processed with a CO2 laser, and the effects of laser heat treatment （LHT） on H2S stress corrosion in the National Association of Corrosion Engineers （NACE） solution were analyzed by a slow strain rate test. The fracture morphologies and chemical components of corrosive products before and after LHT were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, respectively, and the mechanism of LHT on stress corrosion cracking was discussed. Results showed that the fracture for welded joints was brittle in its original state, while it was transformed to a ductile fracture after LHT. The tendencies of hydrogen-induced corrosion were reduced, and the stress corrosion sensitivity index decreased from 35.2% to 25.3%, indicating that the stress corrosion resistance of X80 pipeline steel welded joints has been improved by LHT.     

Novel predictive model for metallic structure corrosion status in presence of stray current in DC mass transit systems简

The novel method to analyze metallic structure corrosion status was proposed in the presence of stray current in DC mass transit systems. Firstly, the characteristic parameter and the influence parameters for the corrosion status were determined. Secondly, an experimental system was established for simulating the corrosion process within the stray current interference. Then, a predictive model for the corrosion status was built, using a support vector machine （SVM） method and experimental data. The data were divided into two sets, including training set and testing set. The training set was used to generate the SVM model and the testing set was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the SVM model. The results show that the relationship between the characteristic parameter and the influence parameters is nonlinear and the SVM model is suitable for predicting the corrosion status.     

Process of back pressure deep drawing with solid granule medium on sheet metal

The experimental die apparatus of the solid granules medium forming on sheet metal was designed and manufactured.Typical parts,such as conical,parabolic,cylindrical and square-box-shaped components,were successfully trial-produced as well.According to the analysis of the changing trends of the cross-section shape and the wall thickness during the process,it can be found that the shape of the free deformation zone of the sheet metal,which is the most critical thinning area,can be described as an approximately spherical cap.According to this forming feature,back pressure deep drawing technology with solid granules medium on sheet metal was proposed to restrain drastic thinning at the bottom of the part through the joint friction effect of solid granules medium,the back pressure tringle and the sheet metal.Therefore,the deep drawing limit of the sheet metal is significantly improved.In order to fabricate thin-walled rotary parts with great drawing ratio and complex cross-sections,a finite element model based on the material property test of the solid granules medium was established to optimize the scheme of the back pressure deep drawing.The effects on the forming performance of sheet metal from back pressure load and the approach of blank holding control were analyzed through this model.     

NH_4Cl薄层液膜下X70钢腐蚀的电化学研究

采用电化学阻抗法和阴极极化曲线法研究了X70钢在含NH4Cl薄层液膜下的电化学行为.研究了液膜厚度、NH4Cl浓度对X70钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,液膜厚度降低,X70钢腐蚀电位正移,阴极极限扩散电流增大.液膜厚度为130μm时,阴极极限扩散电流达最大值.液膜厚度为130~100μm时,阴极极限扩散电流反而降低.液膜厚度进一步减薄,阴极极限扩散电流又增大.薄层液膜下,NH4Cl浓度增大,阴极极限扩散电流减小,抑制了阴极过程;随着NH4Cl浓度增大,X70钢腐蚀的电荷传递电阻减小,对阳极过程有一定的促进作用,从而加速X70钢的腐蚀速率.     

介质阻挡放电反应器降解邻二甲苯的特性研究

采用介质阻挡放电(DBD)降解常压下流动态的邻二甲苯模拟废气,系统地考察了放电极值电压,气体的初始质量浓度、停留时间以及相对湿度等工艺参数对邻二甲苯降解的影响,并初步探讨了邻二甲苯的降解产物.实验研究结果表明:在7.0kV的放电极间电压下,邻二甲苯的初始质量浓度为1 500mg/m3,停留时间为9s,其去除率可达到80%以上.降解产物主要为CO2、H2O以及苯甲酸、苯乙酸、苯乙醛等有机物,并且经降解后产物的生物可生化性得到提高,因而为后续的等离子-生物法联合处理VOCs提供了依据.     

腐蚀预应力钢绞线的疲劳试验分析

为了研究钢绞线腐蚀后的疲劳性能,采用通电加速腐蚀方法制作了包括5根无腐蚀与22根腐蚀预应力钢绞线试件,并通过轴向拉伸疲劳试验对预应力钢绞线腐蚀后的疲劳性能退化规律进行了研究分析,试验主要考察了腐蚀率与应力水平对钢绞线疲劳寿命的影响。试验结果表明,腐蚀后的钢绞线疲劳寿命显著降低,腐蚀钢绞线的名义应力幅与疲劳寿命在双对数坐标系下仍近似符合线性关系,同级荷载水平下的钢绞线疲劳寿命随腐蚀率的增长按指数函数衰减。此外,本文根据试验结果还建立了腐蚀钢绞线的疲劳曲面方程,并给出了不同保证率下的腐蚀钢绞线疲劳强度建议值。     

多孔介质内预混合燃烧的二维数值模拟

为了研究预混气在多孔介质内过滤燃烧特性,根据多孔介质燃烧理论,建立了甲烷/空气预混气在堆积床内燃烧的二维双温模型。给出了当量比、入口速度和小球直径等参数对温度分布的影响,分析了燃烧器内氧化铝小球的蓄热特性。结果表明:火焰面的前缘呈抛物线形状,燃烧波波速在0.1 mm/s数量级;随着当量比增加,波速度减小,燃烧区域范围扩大;随着入口流速增大,燃烧最高温度升高,火焰面宽度变窄,燃烧波波速增大;随着氧化铝小球直径增大,火焰面厚度变窄,燃烧波速度增大;氧化铝小球在过滤燃烧中体现出良好的蓄热能力。     

生物质锅炉钢材在氯化钾接触条件下腐蚀特性

为了比较不同材料抗腐蚀特性,模拟生物质锅炉过热器区的条件,在550~700℃范围内对生物质锅炉常用的20G、12Cr1MoVG、Super304、SUS316、TP347H、HR3C等钢材进行腐蚀特性对比研究.通过测定试样的增重量,得出腐蚀特性曲线;利用能谱分析仪、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对试样腐蚀后的形貌特征、元素质量分数和腐蚀产物的组成进行分析.结果表明,在高温下,常用钢材抗KCl高温腐蚀能力的排序为HR3C>TP347H>Super304>SUS316>12Cr1MoVG>20G;温度和金属表面KCl的附着量对高温腐蚀具有重要影响;KCl高温下可以和合金钢表面镍铬氧化物钝化层反应,直接破坏钝化层的保护作用,从而加速氧化腐蚀的进行.     

硫酸盐-干湿循环侵蚀环境下纤维沥青混合料低温抗裂性研究

基于国内外对硫酸盐腐蚀环境下纤维沥青混合料的低温抗裂性鲜有研究的现状,采用干湿循环作用下不同浓度(5%、10%)Na2SO4溶液加速劣化试验,研究了水镁石纤维沥青混合料在Na2SO4腐蚀介质中的低温抗裂性变化规律,并与聚酯纤维和玄武岩纤维沥青混合料进行对比;探索了沥青混合料硫酸盐腐蚀损伤机理及纤维在混合料中的阻裂作用。研究结果表明:与纯净水环境相比,沥青混合料在盐蚀环境下的低温抗裂性能劣化程度更为严重;Na2SO4溶液渗入沥青混合料空隙和裂缝中发生的结晶型侵蚀是导致沥青混合料低温抗裂性劣化的主要诱因;水镁石纤维具有优良的增强增韧效应,可以有效提高沥青混合料在硫酸盐腐蚀环境下的低温抗裂性。研究成果可为硫酸盐富集地区沥青混合料材料组成设计提供参考。     

陶瓷填料在江汉油田的应用

江汉油区有原油脱水三相分离器28台,脱水填料采用不锈钢波纹填料(1Ci18Ni9Ti),投用不到两年就腐蚀,失去脱水效果,影响了油田的正常生产和经济效益。为此,提出了PAC轻质强化陶瓷波纹填料的试验研究:以非金属填料代替金属填料,用于原油脱水,解决腐蚀问题。应用表明,陶瓷填料不仅能加快油水分离,保证原油脱水质量,而且能减轻工人劳动强度,为油田如何解决高含水原油脱水及腐蚀问题提供了一条有效的新途径。