Use of a YAP1 overexpression cassette conferring specific resistance to cerulenin and cycloheximide as an efficient selectable marker in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Drug-resistance markers for yeast transformation are useful because they can be applied to strains without auxotrophic mutations. However, they are susceptible to technical difficulties, namely lower transformation efficiency and the appearance of drug-resistant mutants without the marker. To avoid these problems, we have constructed a phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) promoter-driven YAP1 expression cassette, called PGKp-YAP1. Yeast cells containing PGKp-YAP1 were resistant to cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, and also to cerulenin, a fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, but not to other drugs tested. The transformation efficiency of PGKp-YAP1 using cerulenin selection was comparable to that using a URA3 auxotrophic marker when low concentrations of cerulenin were used. Non-transformed drug-resistant colonies did appear on the low-concentration cerulenin plates. However, these non-transformed colonies could easily be identified, based on their cycloheximide sensitivity and/or their resistance to aureobasidin A to which the transformants were sensitive. Therefore, the dual drug resistance of PGKp-YAP1 could be used as an effective selection for PGKp-YAP1 recipient cells. The PGKp-YAP1 marker was used to disrupt the LYS2 gene and to transform an industrial yeast strain, indicating that this marker can be used for efficient and reliable gene manipulations in any Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain.     

高效铣环在胜科1井事故处理中的应用

胜科1井是中国石化的一口重点科学探井,在钻至井深5001m时因井眼缩径发生了卡钻事故。由于井底存在直翼扩大器、PDC钻头等含有硬质合金的落鱼,普通铣鞋无法完成套铣打捞作业,为此,专门设计了一种高效铣环。该铣环的切削元件选用了一种硬度达93.2 HRA的钛合金,经铣槽镶焊在本体上;本体选用了40CrNiMo厚壁管材,并进行了调质处理;连接螺纹选用了双级梯形同步螺纹。在胜科1井的应用表明：切削元件的强度满足了切削扩大器切削翼和PDC钻头胎体的需要,其齿形、布齿方向和出刃高度设计合理,提高了切削速度;本体性能高,切削元件焊接性能较好;双级梯形同步螺纹有效增加了连接部位的强度,具有较高的上扣扭矩,承受冲击载荷能力强。高效铣环在该井的成功应用,为今后同类型井的事故处理提供了借鉴。     

Pu(OH)4(am)与碳酸根的配位行为研究

为了解在惰气环境Pu(OH)_4(am)与碳酸盐溶液中HCO^-₃，CO^2-₃的配位行为，考察了放置时间对Pu总浓度的影响；同时也考察了pH值、碳酸根总浓度变化对碳酸盐溶液中Pu的主要存在形态及溶解总浓度的影响。实验结果表明，HCO^-₃离子与Pu(OH)_4(am)生成[Pu(OH)₄(HCO₃)₂]^2-（lg K=-2.61±0.18, lgβ=54.25±0.18）或[Pu(OH)₂(CO₃)₂]^2-（lgK=-2.61±0.18, lgβ=46.91±0.18）；CO^2-₃离子与Pu(OH)_4(am）生成[Pu(OH)₄(CO₃)₂]^4-（lgK=-3.52±0.11, lgβ=53.33±0.11）。可能的配位反应方程式为： Pu(OH)_4(am)+2HCO^-₃ = [Pu(OH)₄(HCO₃)₂]^2-, Pu(OH)_4(am)+2HCO^-₃ =[Pu(OH)₂(CO₃)₂]^2-+2H₂O, Pu(OH)_4(am)+2CO^2-₃=[Pu(OH)₄(CO₃)₂]^4-。     

硫脲树脂对Cu~(2+)吸附性能研究

考察了不同吸附时间、pH值和吸附温度下,聚对苯甲酰基硫脲树脂和聚酯基硫脲树脂对Cu2+的吸附性能影响;并对吸附动力学和热力学进行了研究。     

单晶钛酸铋纳米片的XPS和Raman特性

以Bi（NO3）3·5H2O和Ti（OC4H9）4为原料，NaOH为矿化剂，采用水热法制备了形貌规则的单晶Bi4Ti3O12纳米片。X射线衍射（XRD）结果表明，所合成的产物为正交相层状钙钛矿结构的Bi4Ti3O12。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）研究显示：样品是由大量边缘尺寸接近200nm，厚度约为15nm的片状结构组成。利用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究产物的化学组分和价态分布。室温拉曼光谱研究表明，Bi4Ti3O12纳米片的声子寿命和热稳定性低于相应的块体材料。     

家庭智能终端系统的硬件设计与实现

随着生活水平的提高,人们对居住环境的舒适性、安全性要求不断提高。家庭自动化、智能化已经成为自动化领域的一个发展热点。本文将当前比较先进的ARM技术运用到家庭智能终端系统的开发上,设计实现了一个既适合当前家庭需要又符合今后发展方向的家庭智能终端体系结构,较好地解决了绝大多数智能家居系统所普遍存在的实时性差、安全性低等问题。     

胜科1井钻井事故的预防与处理

胜科1井设计井深7 000 m,完钻井深7 026 m。在该井钻井过程中,针对上部大尺寸钻头破岩效率低、大井眼井壁稳定性差、大段盐膏层、膏岩层的塑性蠕变和塑性流动造成井眼复杂、超深井高温高压给钻井液性能的控制和水泥浆调控等带来的一系列技术难题,制定了一整套预防井下事故和复杂情况的技术措施,从而确保了该井的钻探成功。该井在钻井过程发生了2次断钻具事故和1次卡钻事故,根据超深井的特点,采取了较为稳妥的处理措施,同时,有针对性地研制了高效铣环和PDC钻头专用打捞器,3次事故处理均获得了成功,共耗时38.5 d。详细介绍了该井所采取的预防和处理钻井事故的技术措施,可为其他超深井的钻井施工提供一定的借鉴。     

从水淬渣中回收镓的试验研究

对鼓风炉（ISP法）或烟化炉水淬渣中回收镓的工艺进行了研究。结果表明，利用浓硫酸恒温熟化的独特浸出工艺，克服硅对液固分离的影响；以伯胺N9123作为萃取剂在硫酸介质中萃取镓；获得了含镓品位为2.82%的富集物。