正交译码接口电路的原理与设计

介绍了正交译码接口电路的工作原理，分析了数字延迟噪声滤波器、四倍频正交译码器、抑制逻辑等单元逻辑状态，提出了正交译码接口电路在数字闭环运动控制系统和数字数据输入系统的设计方案。     

NeurIPS 2020观察与分析

神经信息处理系统大会（Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems,NeurIPS）是机器学习领域的顶级会议,在中国计算机学会（China Computer Federation,CCF）推荐国际学术会议中被评为人工智能领域的A类会议,一直广受关注。NeurIPS 2020收到了创纪录的9 467篇投稿,最终录用1 898篇论文。收录的论文涵盖了人工智能的各种主题,包括深度学习及其应用、强化学习与规划、纯理论研究、概率方法、优化及机器学习与社会等。本文回顾了NeurIPS 2020的亮点及论文录用情况,详细解读了特邀报告、最佳论文、口头报告及部分海报论文,希望能帮助读者快速了解NeurIPS 2020的盛况。     

Comparison of ISO 14902:2001 with AOCS Ba 12a-2020 for determining trypsin inhibitor activity in protein products

For measuring trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA), there are two major official methods: American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS) method Ba 12a-2020 and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14902:2001. The former was recently approved. The two methods differ in sample preparation, extraction, colorimetric assay systems and TIA calculations. In this study, the two methods were symmetrically compared using three unique sets of samples: assorted protein products of soybeans, pulses, and grains; soybeans boiled for varied durations; and soy white flakes toasted for varied durations. For given samples, significant differences existed in TIA measured by the two methods, resulting from effects related to the assay systems and TIA calculations, not from the difference in sample preparation and extraction. When the same trypsin was used, TIA (in mg trypsin inhibited/g sample) measured by the two methods were highly correlated (r = 0.9973, n = 27), giving an equation of y = 0.5464x − 0.4887, where y represents ISO values and x for AOCS values. The line connecting ratios of ISO/AOCS in TIA and AOCS values remained relatively flat around 0.53 but started to curve down when TIA approached the lowest. Furthermore, for the same samples, TIA values measured by the ISO method decreased with increasing specific activity of trypsin used, while AOCS values remained consistent, leading to decreasing ratios of ISO/AOCS. Therefore, accurate and direct comparison of the two methods was impossible. It could not be resolved by simply changing ISO method's calculations as hypothesized earlier. Regardless, for most samples, ISO values were roughly about 55% of AOCS values.     

Single display gamut size metric

To measure the relative gamut sizes of wide‐gamut displays, it is herein proposed that the CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram be used rather than the nominally perceptually uniform CIE 1976 u′v′ chromaticity diagram. High correlations were found between the area‐coverage ratios in the xy diagram and the volume‐coverage ratios in the CIE 1976 L^*a^*b^* color space for major standard wide‐gamut color spaces. It is also demonstrated herein that performing planimetry in the uniform u′v′ diagram does not yield accurate relative display gamut sizes, even though the large sizes obtained using the u′v′ diagram are often reported regardless of the fact that its uniformity is valid only when the luminance factor is constant. The single display gamut size metric using the xy diagram will facilitate the unbiased development of wide‐gamut displays.     

Analysis of standard chromaticity gamut area metrics

It is herein proposed to measure display gamut sizes by employing the International Telecommunication Union—Radiocommunication Sector Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec. 2020) area‐coverage ratios in the xy chromaticity diagram rather than the standard gamut area metrics that use the horseshoe‐shaped spectrum chromaticity area as the target in the u′v′ chromaticity diagram. It is more reasonable to use the Rec. 2020 gamut than the spectrum gamut as the target because the Rec. 2020 area‐coverage ratios in the xy diagram are better correlated than the spectrum area‐coverage ratios with the volume‐coverage ratios of object color gamuts that are visually significant in displaying natural scenes.     

Mo含量对激光熔覆CoCrFeNiW0.6Mox高熵合金涂层组织与性能的影响

目的 研究Mo含量的变化对激光熔覆CoCrFeNiW0.6高熵合金涂层的影响。方法 使用RFL-C1000光纤激光器,在45钢基体表面制备CoCrFeNiW0.6Mox(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)高熵合金涂层,并利用Leica DVM6光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪、显微硬度仪、电化学工作站对熔覆层的宏观形貌与稀释率、相结构、微观组织结构、硬度、耐腐蚀性能进行测试与分析。结果 加入Mo元素后,结合状态与表面形貌良好,当x=0~0.4时,涂层微观组织主要呈树枝晶形态,且晶粒逐渐变细。当x≥0.6时,涂层表面开始有裂纹产生。随着Mo元素的添加,涂层逐渐析出σ相,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。当x=0.8时,有共晶组织形成。涂层显微硬度随Mo元素的增加而增加,但由于x=0.8时出现较多裂纹,裂纹的出现影响了涂层硬度,导致x=0.8时的硬度减小。当x=0.6时,涂层平均显微硬度最高,达到了959.69HV0.3,约为CoCrFeNiW0.6涂层平均硬度的20.32%。当x=0~0.6时,涂层耐腐蚀性能随着Mo元素含量的增加逐渐提升。当x=0.8时,耐腐蚀性能变差,其原因是裂纹的出现以及σ相的形成使得涂层耐腐蚀性变差。在x=0.6时,涂层耐腐蚀性能最好。结论 Mo元素的加入使得涂层微观组织出现σ相,同时有细化晶粒的作用,可以显著改善涂层的硬度以及耐腐蚀性。     

2020年国内外宏观经济形势分析及预判

2020年,预计全球贸易进展局势出现缓和,世界经济增长小幅回升至2.6%左右,主要经济体面临的贸易政策、货币政策和地缘政治局势等不确定性因素仍较多,世界经济增长面临的下行风险仍较大。2019年中国经济总体平稳,GDP增长6.1%。2020年我国经济将继续保持增长稳健、结构优化、动能转换的发展态势,预计将实现6.0%的增长。     

河南宜阳县地下水赋存规律与开发利用建议

文章通过对宜阳县地质环境条件的调查研究,从地形地貌、地质构造、地层岩性与含水岩组及地下水分布之间的关系入手,结合当地地下水开发利用的现状,分析了地质环境对地下水的赋存和对含水岩组富水性的影响,阐述了研究区地下水的富集规律,进而对含水岩组的富水性进行了分区,以期有助于当地合理开发利用地下水资源。     

Status and perspectives of renewable energy policy and deployment in the European Union—What is needed to reach the 2020 targets?

This article evaluates the status of current RES deployment, policies and barriers in the EU-27 member states and compares it to the required to meet the 2020 targets. The evaluation relies strongly on the quantitative deployment status and policy effectiveness indicators. European RES deployment and policy has progressed strongly in recent years, but the growth here has been mainly driven by effective policies in a small or medium number of top runner countries. Across Europe, the highest average policy effectiveness over six years was reached for onshore wind (4.2%), biofuels (3.6%) and biomass electricity (2.7%), while in the heat sector, all technologies score below 2%. Comparing the recent progress to the required growth for meeting the 2020 target, it appears that some countries largely exceed the interim targets of the RES Directive 2009/28/EC. Despite this, Europe will need additional policy effort to reach the 2020 target. Critical success factors include implementing effective and efficient policies that attract sufficient investments, reducing administrative and grid related barriers, especially in currently less advanced countries, upgrading the power grid infrastructure, dismantling financial barriers in the heat sector, realising sustainability standards for biomass, and lowering energy demand through increased energy efficiency efforts.