Growth and optical property of zinc oxide thornballs

A new microstructure, thornball, of zinc oxide (ZnO) was synthesized by a very simple solid vapor deposition process under lead oxide (PbO) atmosphere. The microthornballs consist of numerous needles, which extend outwards in all directions symmetrically. They have dimensions of 120 μm in diameter, while the average diameter of the needles is about 100-200 nm. The needles on the balls grow along the 〈0 0 0 1〉 orientation and have gradient compositions along radial. Control experiments proved that PbO played an important role in the growth. Additionally, photoluminescence property was observed and provided the evidence that PbO did not deteriorate the optical properties of ZnO thornballs. This kind of microstructures has potential applications in the field of photochemical catalysis.     

利用单片机实现的空气干燥器控制仪

为了满足不同生产实际的需要 ,介绍了利用单片机实现的空气干燥器控制仪的基本组成和工作原理 ,重点介绍了温度测量和A/D转换方法 ,进一步指出了提高测量准确度的途径。经实际应用表明 ,各项指标满足控制要求。     

Determination of instantaneous corrosion rates and runoff rates of copper from naturally patinated copper during continuous rain events

Instantaneous corrosion rates of naturally patinated copper of varying age (16 months, 138 and 145 years) have been determined during continuous rain events in the laboratory with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a two-electrode cell. The two-electrode cell was found to yield the same information in bulk rainwater as a conventional three-electrode cell.Relatively constant corrosion rates, between 0.2 and 0.6 μm/y, were determined for samples having a two-layer structure with an inner brownish layer of cuprous oxide and an outer greenish layer of basic copper salts (138, 145 years). Samples with cuprous oxide as the dominating phase of the patina (16 months) showed higher and somewhat increasing corrosion rates during a rain event (from 0.6 to 1.2 μm/y). During a continuous rain event, corrosion rates were found to be approximately 10 (brownish patina) and 25 times (greenish patina) lower than corresponding instantaneous runoff rates. The first flush phenomena of the runoff process, with an increased concentration during first flush and a relatively constant concentration during steady state, was indirectly seen as an increase in solution conductivity during the first rain volume followed by relative constant value. The contribution of the concentration in the first flush to the total annual runoff rate was significant for panels having a greenish layer (138, 145 years) whereas it was negligible for panels having a brownish layer (16 months).     

Preparation and characterization of organic-inorganic poly(ethylene glycol)/WS2 nanocomposite

Layered nanocomposite PEG/WS₂, intercalating oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG6000) into the tungsten disulfide host galleries, was synthesized using the exfoliation-adsorption technique. X-ray diffraction revealed that the intercalated oligomer within the host galleries is in a double-layer arrangement with an interlayer expansion of about 8.8 Å. The optimum conditions were explored to prepare the single-phase product with a composition of Li_0.12(PEG)_1.51WS₂. Thermal analyses suggested that the resulting material shows good thermal stability, with the decomposition of the interacted oligomeric chains within the disulfide galleries occurring at around 258 °C. Despite high conductivity of the host material, those of the PEG/WS₂ nanocomposite were found to be high in the order of 1 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹ at ambient temperature, resulted from the host guest-host charge transfers.     

降低氧化铝生产中熟料折合比的探讨

在氧化铝生产过程中，熟料折合比是烧结法一项重要的综合性指标，本文通过对熟料折合比的定义、计算公式的剖析，分析了生产过程中影响熟料折合比的主要因素，对有效降低熟料折合比的措施进行了探讨。     

徐州市雁群卫生填埋场渗滤液治理工程设计

徐州市雁群卫生填埋场渗滤液治理工程针对城市生活垃圾场渗滤液可生化性差、氨氮含量高等特点,采用了吹脱-混凝沉淀-A2/O的处理工艺.介绍了工艺的设计参数、特点、运行情况和技术经济参数,结果表明,该工艺出水水质达到了<生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准>(GB 16889-1997)的二级标准.     

Influence of pH on the passivation behavior of 254SMO stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution

The potentiodynamic polarization measurement of 254SMO stainless steel (UNS 31254) was conducted in 3.5% NaCl solutions with pH ranging from 0.1 to 5. The results indicated that this stainless steel offered excellent pitting corrosion resistance in corrosive environments. Further, it also exhibited various features on the polarization curves in different pH solutions. The electrochemical constant-potential passivation treatment performed at different pH followed by XPS analysis revealed that the primary constituents of the outermost layer of the passive films formed in the weak (pH 5) and strong (pH 0.8) acid solutions are iron oxides and Cr₂O₃ and Cr(OH)₃, respectively. Molybdenum oxides, primarily in the six-valence state, existed in the outermost layer of the passive film. Only very weak signals corresponding to that of nickel oxides were detected in the film formed in the weak acid (pH 5) solution. The ICP-MS analyses indicated selective dissolution of a significant amount of Fe and a few Mo and Ni ions during the passivation treatment in the strong acid (pH 0.8) solution. No Cr dissolution was observed; this indicated that the Cr in the film is relatively stable. XPS depth profiling results showed that a similar bilayer-structured film was formed in both the solutions (pH 0.8 and 5); the outer layer of this film is primarily composed of Cr(OH)₃ and Mo(VI), and the inner layer, Cr₂O₃ and Mo(IV). The results of the examinations of passive film formations and dissolution by XPS and ICP-MS were consistent with the polarization curves.     

Pressure infiltration of boron nitride preforms with molten aluminum

The infiltration of compacted cubic BN (cBN) with molten aluminum has been investigated as a potential route for a cheap and easy method of manufacturing cBN/metal composites. CBN compacts have been infiltrated with molten Al at a temperature between 670 and 800&#xA0;°C and pressure of 15&#xA0;MPa in vacuum. At these temperatures no pronounced interactions between hexagonal and cubic BN with Al was observed, allowing the complete infiltration of cBN with 12&#xA0;μm mean grain size. After infiltration at 800&#xA0;°C, the temperature was increased without pressure to convert aluminum into borides and AlN. The hardness of the resulting materials depends on the content of hexagonal, cubic BN and the rate of conversion of Al into borides and AlN. The infiltration height of less than 1&#xA0;mm obtained from infiltrating the 3&#xA0;μm cBN powder green compacts gave a hardness of 22.0&#xA0;±&#xA0;0.6&#xA0;GPa after heat treatment.     

基于ADuC812的CCD校准器控制系统

针对CCD校准器控制系统的技术要求，设计了基于ADI公司的微处理控制芯片ADuC812为核心构成的测量控制系统。为CCD校准器辐射源提供稳定的电压、电流输出以及对辐射源的照度值进行实时监控，实现CCD校准器光辐射源所要求的稳定性输出。     

Behaviour of ±45° glass/epoxy filament wound composite tubes under quasi-static equal biaxial tension–compression loading: experimental results

The primary aim of this paper is to present results describing in detail the behaviour of ±45° E-glass/MY750 (GRP) tubes, of various wall thicknesses, subjected to equal biaxial tension–compression loading, generated under combined internal pressure and axial compression. The role played by the non-linear lamina shear has also been assessed by comparing various shear stress–strain curves for embedded laminae (extracted from tests on ±45° tubes subjected to circumferential: axial stress ratios SR=1:0, 1:−1 and 2.3:−1) with that of an ‘isolated’ lamina (measured from torsion of 90° tubes). Extracted shear failure strains, for embedded laminae, were more than four fold larger than those measured at ultimate failure for an ‘isolated’ lamina. Soft characteristics were observed in the embedded lamina and these were believed to be due to interaction between early matrix damage initiation (and propagation) and shear. Factors affecting the behaviour of the tubes, such as bulging, scissoring, thermal stresses and stress variation through the thickness are discussed.