Ageing behavior of acrylic polyurethane varnish coating in artificial weathering environments

Polyurethane-based coatings reinforced by ZnO nanoparticles (about 27 nm) were prepared via solution blending. The ZnO/PU films and coats were fabricated by a simple method of solution casting and evaporation. The mechanical properties of the films were investigated by a universal material test, and the abrasion resistance of the prepared coats was evaluated by a pencil-abrasion-resistance tester. It was found that significant improvement of the PU films in Young’s modulus and tensile strength was achieved by incorporating ZnO nanoparticles up to 2.0 wt%, and that the abrasion resistance of the PU coats was greatly enhanced due to the addition of ZnO nanoparticles. Moreover, the antibacterial property test was carried out via the agar dilution method and the result indicated that PU films doped with ZnO nanoparticles showed excellent antibacterial activity, especially for Escherichia coli.     

Abrasion resistances of CO2 corrosion scales formed at different temperatures and their relationship to corrosion behaviour

The abrasion resistances of CO₂ corrosion scales formed on API P110 grade carbon steel at different temperatures and CO₂ corrosion behaviour of P110 carbon steel have been investigated utilising weight loss method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that as the film forming temperature increased, the abrasion rate of CO₂ corrosion scales increased firstly and then decreased, the variation trend was similar to that of the corrosion rate, and the maximal abrasion rate was present at 70°C rather than 100°C, at which the maximal corrosion rate was obtained and CO₂ corrosion scales were loose and porous and were composed of FeCO₃, Fe₃C and CaCO₃. The abrasion resistances of CO₂ corrosion scales formed at 100°C was reinforced by the sand particles embedded easily in the loose and porous layer, together with a very hard residual skeleton, Fe₃C. In addition, CaCO₃ was worn out easily and substituted by SiO₂ during abrasive wear.     

Synthesis of novel UV-curable difunctional thiourethane methacrylate and studies on organic–inorganic nanocomposite hard coatings for high refractive index plastic lenses

This study relates to the development of ultraviolet (UV)-curable, organic–inorganic nanocomposite hard coatings for plastic lens substrates, especially for polythiourethane (PTU) and polycarbonate (PC). Novel difunctional thiourethane methacrylate (mercaptoethylsulfide-thiourethane methacrylate: coded MES-TUMA and isophorone diisocyanate-mercaptoethylsulfide-thiourethane methacrylate: coded IPDI-MES-TUMA) was synthesized to enhance the adhesive strength for PTU. On the basis of IR, ¹H NMR, electron spray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), the expected structures were confirmed. These difunctional thiourethane methacrylates were easily mixed with multifunctional urethane acrylate, surface-modified ZrO₂–TiO₂ nanoparticles and photoinitiator in coating formulations. The UV-cured organic–inorganic nanocomposites were very useful as hard coatings for high refractive index plastic lenses such as PTU and PC.     

冲击参数对氧化铝基耐火材料常温耐磨性的影响

参照GB/T18301《耐火材料常温耐磨性试验方法》,分别以标准碳化硅砂(36#)、电熔白刚玉砂(36#)和石油支撑剂用陶粒为磨损介质,采用不同压力(300kPa、448kPa和600kPa)的压缩空气和不同量(1kg、2kg)的磨损介质对普通高铝砖(LZ-65和LZ-75)、高炉用高铝砖、磷酸盐结合高铝砖、高纯刚玉砖、刚玉莫来石砖、铬刚玉砖、赛隆结合刚玉砖、微孔刚玉砖和塑性相复合刚玉砖等10种氧化铝基耐火材料进行了磨损实验。结果表明:(1)随着冲击气体压力的增大,10种材料的磨损量都增加,但由于这些材料在组成和结构上的差异,其磨损量增加的幅度存在明显差异。(2)由于磨损介质的颗粒形状和体积密度不同,在相同的冲击气体压力下,磨损介质的流动速度不同,对材料的磨损量也不同,其中,采用碳化硅时磨损量最大,采用白刚玉时次之,采用陶粒时最小。(3)当磨损介质碳化硅砂用量增加1倍时,材料的磨损量增加,但不同材料的磨损量增加幅度不同,其中微孔刚玉砖和磷酸盐结合高铝砖分别增加了1.84倍和1.26倍,而高纯刚玉砖和高炉用高铝砖增加的不足0.4倍。(4)耐火材料的常温耐磨性能取决于其强度和结构的致密性,强度和致密度较高的材料耐磨性能较好。     

循环流化床锅炉用高铝耐磨可塑料

结合循环流化床锅炉的实际工况特性,对高铝耐磨可塑料的耐磨性和热震稳定性进行了试验研究,其结果对实际应用具有参考价值。     

Effect of rare earth on microstructure and carbides in WC-Fe composite coating

WC-Fe composite coatings were prepared on IC45/080A47 steel substrates by argon arc cladding technique. Minute amounts of La were added into the coating, and the microstructure was investigated to find the relation to rare earth. Results show that RE does not change the categories of phases, and the main components remain α-Fe, Fe₃W₃C, WC and W₂C. However, the distribution of carbide particles is optimised. It reduces the agglomeration and bridging in the cladding layer's structure, makes the particles distribute homogeneously and restrains the dissolution of WC and the formation of fishbone shaped dendritic carbides. It promotes the formation of granular carbide and refines grains. It also reserves the WC particles in the composite coating and improves the average hardness and wear resistance.     

颚板材料与双金属复合颚板的应用

从颚板的失效分析着手,对国内外颚板使用材料应用现状做了广泛的调查,分析了现有颚板材料与制造工艺方面的不足,提出应用双液双金属颚板铸造工艺方法,使高铬铸铁与碳钢达到良好的冶金结合,较好地提高了颚板的耐磨性.现场应用表明,其耐磨性较传统高锰钢颚板提高3～5倍.     

大型球磨机衬板材料的研究和应用

研究成功了一种适合于制造大型球磨机衬板的新材料.在不含钼、镍等贵重合金元素前提下,设计的中碳钢以硅、锰、铬为主要合金元素,并加入少量钛、钙、硼、钇、钾、钠等元素,改善钢的组织和淬透性.新材料具有足够的淬透性和淬硬性,经油冷淬火和中温回火处理后,硬度大于55 HRC,冲击韧性大于25 J/cm2,断裂韧性大于40 MPa·m1/2.用于制造大型球磨机衬板,耐磨性比高锰钢衬板提高1倍以上,生产成本降低15%,具有很好的经济效益.     

碳化物对高铬铸铁高应力磨料磨损的影响

对不同载荷作用下的高铬铸铁在耐磨实验机上进行了磨料磨损试验;对在不同的碳化物时基体的保护作用与碳化物的剥离进行了相关的分析.结果表明载荷在一定值以下磨损较为缓慢,当载荷超过一定值时,磨损急剧加剧,随着载荷的增加尺寸较小的碳化物首先剥离基体,当载荷继续增大时,尺寸较大的碳化物也剥离基体并有碎裂现象.这要求高铬铸铁中的碳化物不仅要分布均匀,碳化物的尺寸也要合适.     

WCp增强球铁基复合材料模具的制备及其磨损性能

针对耐火砖模具的工矿特点,将复合材料设计原理和铸造技术相结合,采用复合剂技术,在普通砂型条件下制备了WCp增强球墨铸铁基表层复合材料模具,并对其三体磨粒磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明,合适的球墨铸铁基体材料的主要成分w为3.7%C、2.1%Si、1.0%Cu和0.3%Mn;铸件表面平整,复合层厚度均匀,可达7～9 mm,复合组织的硬度达到HRC 62以上;复合材料相对于基体材料的耐磨性提高到8以上.