原发性高血压病靶器官损害的预测仿真研究

研究原发性高血压病靶器官损害准确预测问题,由于原发性高血压病靶器官损害的影响因子之间存在着高度冗余和非线性,导致传统方法预测准确率低,为提高预测精度,构建了一种改进的基因表达式编程算法的原发性高血压病靶器官损害预测模型,首先设计了适合靶器官损害预测的适应度函数,然后为克服早熟现象提出了以平均适应度形式自适应的改变重组算子概率和变异算子概率,通过数据训练得到靶器官损害的2年预测模型。采用对山东中医药大学第二附属医院原发性高血压病历史数据进行验证性仿真,结果表明,方法的预测精度更高,在原发性高血压病靶器官损害的预测中有着广泛的应用前景。     

表面n沟CCD的电离辐射损伤

本文报道了150光敏元表面n沟CCD(电荷耦合器件)在不同能量电子和γ射线辐照后的电离辐射效应。试验结果表明,转移失效率在≤10Gy时已明显增大。但大多数器件在累积剂量≤50Gy时,通过调整“胖零”注入仍可工作。在高剂量辐照期间,不同栅偏压器件的转移效率退化存在较大差异。应用高频和准静态C-V技术分析了参数退化的原因。     

Surface characterization of 6H-SiC (0001) substrates in indentation and abrasive machining

Surface characterization of 6H-SiC (0001) substrates in indentation and abrasive machining was carried out to investigate microfracture, residual damage, and surface roughness associated with material removal and surface generation. Brittle versus plastic deformation was studied using Vickers indention and nano-indentation. To characterize the abrasive machining response, the 6H-SiC (0001) substrates were ground using diamond wheels with grit sizes of 25, 15 and 7 μm, and then polished with diamond suspensions of 3 and 0.05 μm. It is found that in indentation, there was a scale effect for brittle versus plastic deformation in 6H-SiC substrates. Also, in grinding, the scales of fracture and surface roughness of the substrates decreased with a decrease in diamond grit size. However, in polishing, a reduction in grit size of diamond suspensions gave no significant improvement in surface roughness. Furthermore, the results showed that fracture-free 6H-SiC (0001) surfaces were generated in polishing with the existence of the residual crystal defects, which were associated with the origin of defects in single crystal growth.     

矿岩粉碎全过程能耗-粒度关系的连续损伤理论研究SCIEI

本文从连续损伤理论的观点出发,将矿岩粉碎过程描述为在外部荷载作用下矿岩颗粒内部微缺陷(损伤)演化和繁衍的过程。导出了粉碎能耗与产品粒度分布的理论表达式。该式包含了所有传统的理论,同时较传统的能量分配观点前进了一步。     

OsMre11 Is Required for Mitosis during Rice Growth and Development

Meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) is a relatively conserved nuclease in various species. Mre11 plays important roles in meiosis and DNA damage repair in yeast, humans and Arabidopsis, but little research has been done on mitotic DNA replication and repair in rice. Here, it was found that Mre11 was an extensively expressed gene among the various tissues and organs of rice, and loss-of-function of Mre11 resulted in severe defects of vegetative and reproductive growth, including dwarf plants, abnormally developed male and female gametes, and completely abortive seeds. The decreased number of cells in the apical meristem and the appearance of chromosomal fragments and bridges during the mitotic cell cycle in rice mre11 mutant roots revealed an essential role of OsMre11. Further research showed that DNA replication was suppressed, and a large number of DNA strand breaks occurred during the mitotic cell cycle of rice mre11 mutants. The expression of OsMre11 was up-regulated with the treatment of hydroxyurea and methyl methanesulfonate. Moreover, OsMre11 could form a complex with OsRad50 and OsNbs1, and they might function together in non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These results indicated that OsMre11 plays vital roles in DNA replication and damage repair of the mitotic cell cycle, which ensure the development and fertility of rice by maintaining genome stability.     

Differential Action of Connexin Hemichannel and Pannexin Channel Therapeutics for Potential Treatment of Retinal Diseases

Dysregulation of retinal function in the early stages of light-induced retinal degeneration involves pannexins and connexins. These two types of proteins may contribute to channels that release ATP, leading to activation of the inflammasome pathway, spread of inflammation and retinal dysfunction. However, the effect of pannexin channel block alone or block of both pannexin channels and connexin hemichannels in parallel on retinal activity in vivo is unknown. In this study, the pannexin channel blocker probenecid and the connexin hemichannel blocker tonabersat were used in the light-damaged rat retina. Retinal function was evaluated using electroretinography (ERG), retinal structure was analyzed using optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and the tissue response to light-induced injury was assessed immunohistochemically with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and Connexin43 (Cx43). Probenecid did not further enhance the therapeutic effect of connexin hemichannel block in this model, but on its own improved activity of certain inner retina neurons. The therapeutic benefit of blocking connexin hemichannels was further evaluated by comparing these data against results from our previously published studies that also used the light-damaged rat retina model. The analysis showed that treatment with tonabersat alone was better than probenecid alone at restoring retinal function in the light-damaged retina model. The results assist in the interpretation of the differential action of connexin hemichannel and pannexin channel therapeutics for potential treatment of retinal diseases.     

基于GM(1,1)的应力损伤轻骨料混凝土抗冻性评估

对灾变后轻骨料混凝土抗冻融性能评估的关键在于对其在特定灾变程度下抗冻融性能的精确定量描述及预测。通过反复加载对轻骨料混凝土预加初始应力损伤来模拟灾变,以相对动弹性模量为评价指标,研究初始损伤度分别为0、0.05、0.12、0.19、0.27的轻骨料混凝土抗冻融性能;将灰色系统理论引入混凝土抗冻耐久性研究中,利用相对动弹性模量实测数据建立基于GM(1,1)的应力损伤轻骨料混凝土抗冻融性能预测模型,与修正的Loland混凝土损伤模型对比并进行精度分析;借助建立的GM(1,1)预测模型定量研究初始应力损伤对轻骨料混凝土抗冻耐久性的影响并预测其抗冻耐久寿命。结果表明：初始应力损伤会加速轻骨料混凝土抗冻融性能劣化,且初始损伤度越大劣化速率越快;各初始损伤度下GM(1,1)模型的平均相对误差均小于4.5%,GM(1,1)模型的预测精度整体上优于修正Loland模型;轻骨料混凝土自身具有良好的抗冻融性能,在内蒙古中西部地区抗冻耐久寿命可达45年,当初始损伤度为0.05、0.12、0.19、0.27时,抗冻耐久寿命分别缩短至30年、25年、17.5年、10年。基于GM(1,1)的应力损伤轻骨料混凝土抗冻融性能预测模型可实现对灾变后轻骨料混凝土全寿命周期内抗冻融性能较为精确的定量评估,为指导北方寒旱区轻骨料混凝土工程实践提供理论依据。     

基于ETA模型的配筋措施对于高拱坝变形损伤指标的影响

混凝土拱坝在不同强度超载地震作用下的动力响应,对拱坝抗震裕度评估有着深远的影响,如何评价配筋措施的效果成为一个重要问题。基于耐震时程分析（ETA）法,研究了不同地震强度下,高拱坝是否采用配筋抗震措施对于坝体损伤变形指标的影响。首先对ETA方法、坝体材料本构、横缝模型以及地震动输入方法进行了介绍。然后分别建立了高拱坝采用配筋抗震措施和未采用配筋抗震措施拱坝的数值模型,同时基于ETA方法生成不同地震强度的耐震时程。分析在不同地震强度下,高拱坝是否采用配筋抗震措施的损伤分布、横缝开度以及变形等响应,提出了高拱坝损伤体积比、平均横缝开度以及拱冠梁变形等坝体损伤变形指标。通过对比高拱坝配筋和未配筋的情况下得出的动力响应指标,研究配筋措施对高拱坝响应以及损伤变形指标趋势、相关性以及离散性的影响。计算结果表明:在不同的地震动强度条件下,配筋措施对减小高拱坝的整体损伤是有效的,对横缝开度及位移影响有限,配筋措施可以减小地震随机性导致的损伤变形指标离散。同时,归一化的损伤变形指标表明损伤变形指标有一定的相关性。     

A damage model for assessing pipeline safety in corrosion environments

Considering such practical pipeline service conditions in the petroleum transportation field as corrosion from harmful media (H₂S, CO₂ etc.) and load from the pressure of flowing petroleum as key factors, the degradation of the mechanical properties of pipeline steels and the corresponding variations in stress states are studied. A damage variable is introduced to reflect the degradation in the mechanical properties of the pipeline due to corrosion. A diluted solution approach is proposed to model the corrosion process of harmful media within the pipeline and the distribution of the damage variable along the radial direction of the pipeline is derived. An approach to the safety evaluation of damaged pipeline is proposed by comparing the instant properties of pipeline steels with servicing conditions.