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41.
为加快徐加固子深层天然气的勘探开发步伐,缩短深层气井的建井周期,在升深2-17井进行了充气钻井试验。介绍了络合铝聚合物充气钻井液技术的现场应用概况及效果以及井漏的发生与处理过程、钻井液起泡的解决措施。在现场试验过程中,络合铝聚合物钻井液性能稳定,具有较强的抑制性和较好的流变性能,流性指数控制在0.7左右,具有良好的携屑和稳定井壁能力,而且粘度较低,基本上控制在33~52s之间,满足了现场充气和脱气的需要;该钻井液抗温可达180℃,润滑性能较好,在钻井过程中无粘卡显示,在深井欠平衡井眼稳定方面取得了较好的效果;在不同的气液比条件下,可以在0.83~1.08g/cm。之间实现对当量密度的调节;与常规钻井工艺相比,充气钻井可以使机械钻速提高30%~50%;在钻进过程中实现了充气和点火同时进行,达到了欠平衡钻井工艺技术的要求,为进一步开展气体钻井打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
42.
曙光油田超稠油井套管损坏的机理和防治 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
超稠油特殊的油藏特点决定了其生产周期短、注汽频繁、出砂、汽窜、超覆现象严重,以及套管质量等因素的影响,套管损坏较为严重。对曙光油田超稠油井套管损坏的规律和机理进行了研究,并从钻井和完井工艺的完善、套管钢级和射孔工艺的选择、采油生产参数的确定、注汽管柱隔热效果的提高、防治砂工艺等方面,对套管损坏提出了预防措施和对策。并对套管损坏井制定了修复再利用方案。 相似文献
43.
P. PAPANIKOS K. I. TSERPES SP. PANTELAKIS 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2003,26(1):37-47
A progressive fatigue damage model has been developed for predicting damage accumulation and life of carbon fibre‐reinforced plastics (CFRP) laminates with arbitrary geometry and stacking sequence subjected to constant amplitude cyclic loading. The model comprises the components of stress analysis, fatigue failure analysis and fatigue material property degradation. Stress analysis of the composite laminate was performed by creating a three‐dimensional finite element model in the ANSYS FE code. Fatigue failure analysis was performed by using a set of Hashin‐type failure criteria and the Ye‐delamination criterion. Two types of material property degradations on the basis of element stiffness and strength were applied: a sudden degradation because of sudden failure detected by the fatigue failure criteria and a gradual degradation because of the nature of cyclic loading, which is driven by the increased number of cycles. The gradual degradation of the composite material was modelled by using functions relating the residual stiffness and residual strength of the laminate to the number of cycles. All model components have been programmed in the ANSYS FE code in order to create a user‐friendly macro‐routine. The model has been applied in two different quasi‐isotropic CFRP laminates subjected to tension–compression (T–C) fatigue and the predictions of fatigue life and damage accumulation as a function of the number of cycles were compared with experimental data available in the literature. A very good agreement was obtained. 相似文献
44.
M. S. FOUND M. QUARESIMIN 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2003,26(1):17-26
A brief review of the models used to predict the cumulative fatigue damage in FRP composites is presented. Two‐stage fatigue loading of a [0/90,± 452,0/90]s quasi‐ isotropic woven carbon fibre/epoxy resin laminate was evaluated at stress ratio R = 0.05 and the failure mechanisms investigated using x‐radiography after each loading stage. The results are presented in terms of fatigue strength and damage growth and are compared with those in the literature. A low‐to‐high loading sequence is more damaging than a high‐to‐low one and the Palmgren‐Miner linear damage rule may no longer be valid for this kind of material, as previously reported. 相似文献
45.
疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯的交互损伤研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
探讨了在疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯的损伤交互作用,结果表明,在疲劳/蠕变复合作用下聚苯乙烯存在疲劳和蠕变的交互损伤,其断裂寿命比纯疲劳或纯蠕变的断裂寿命低;断裂机制是疲劳循环载荷松动和活化了分子链或链段,从而促进蠕变运动和断裂,并且,疲劳/蠕变的交互损伤程度与温度密切相关。 相似文献
46.
隧道受震破壞調查分析與修復管理案例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
就隧道震後之災損模式進行統計與災損原因研判,並利用數值分析方法研判安全性,就結構加固等改善措施之設計考量作詳細說明;另由於隧道結構物的損壞範圍大,且修復經費受限,必須藉由定期檢测進行長期維護管理,以防範意外發生。於此,利用Vidco-GIS自動化影像地理资訊系統之e化新技術,以動態及靜態影像紀錄隧道災損狀況,同時亦整合建置前期設計、施工圖及定期維護等資料,相關成果以資料庫方式纳入日常維護管理,以有限人力有效率地進行維護管理紀錄並随時掌握現況供作決策之明確參考。 相似文献
47.
Allen Daniel N.; Strauss Gregory P.; Kemtes Karen A.; Goldstein Gerald 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,21(6):713
Hemispheric involvement in reasoning abilities has been debated for some time, and it remains unclear whether the right hemisphere's involvement in problem solving is modality specific or dependent on the type of spatial reasoning required. In the current study, 2 types of nonverbal reasoning abilities were examined, spatial reasoning and proportional reasoning, in 109 patients with cerebrovascular disease that was confined to either the right or the left hemisphere or was diffuse in nature. Results indicated that no lateralizing effects were present based on type of spatial reasoning. Findings are consistent with the suggestion that higher order cognitive processes involved in nonverbal abstraction and problem solving are not strongly lateralized to the right hemisphere but rather are more generally distributed throughout the cortex. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
48.
本文采用流动模拟实验方法,以渗透率损害率为评价气层损害的定量标准,对以川东石炭系为主的完井液损害程度及滤失深度进行了试验研究,并对地层损害进行了预测。 相似文献
49.
包行方 《石油化工设备技术》1996,17(1):5-8
充分利用了带主焊缝的役后试板,在国内首次开展回火脆化、氢介质下断裂韧性与疲劳扩展的研究,结果表明,加氢反应器焊缝有明显的脆化表现。同时,核查了反应器开停车升温速度和降温速度规定,以及确定了裂纹允许尺寸的参考数据,为今后安全运行提供了充分的依据。 相似文献
50.
This paper focuses on the microscopic damage and progressive failure of a composite reinforced by plain-weave glass cloth under tensile fatigue loading. The fatigue process was divided into three stages like that of multi-directional laminates. It was found that the internal damage at each stage (matrix cracks, debonds in the weft, successive debonds in the warp and ‘metadelaminations’ between warps and wefts) occurred near the cross-over point of the fabric. The modulus decay mechanism was explained by considering the progression of this internal damage. From the end of the first stage to the beginning of the middle stage, a characteristic damage state (CDS) (called a ‘meta-CDS’) was observed. It was found that woven composites have a unit area of damage accumulation (called a ‘unit cell’) and the damage of each unit cell and its distribution control the total fatigue damage of the material. 相似文献