基于治疗阶段的康复设施设计理念

本文论述了急性期、恢复期与维持期等不同阶段的康复医疗特征,阐述了这三个阶段康复设施各自的设计理念,并通过案例分析探讨了各阶段康复设施空间与环境的设计要点.     

髂内动脉栓塞术治疗产后难治性大出血的护理体会

目的：探讨髂内动脉栓塞术治疗产后难治性大出血的护理方法。方法对53例行经皮双髂内动脉栓塞术（IIAE）治疗的产后大出血伴休克产妇的临床资料与护理资料进行回顾性分析。结果53例患者 IIAE 手术均一次性成功,手术耗时0．5～1 h;即刻停止出血者44例,8例出血明显减少,1例24 h 内仍有暗红色血液经阴道排出,至第4 d 完全停止。术后5例出现不同程度臀部或下腹部疼痛,1例患者出现恶心、呕吐症状,对症处理后症状缓解。随访18～37个月,无严重并发症发生。结论IIAE 治疗产后难治性大出血具有操作简单、损伤小、止血快、并发症少的特点;同时做好术前、术后护理及并发症对症处理是保证手术顺利进行及取得满意治疗效果的关键。     

超声间接征象在小儿急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床价值

目的:浅析超声间接征象在小儿急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床应用方法,并对其应用价值进行探讨。方法:以2006年1月至2012年12月我院收治的疑似患有急性阑尾炎的小儿263例作为观察对象,分别进行血常规、超声检测,并对结果进行统计整理,确诊后诊断准确率进行对比。结果:263例患儿确诊为急性阑尾炎101例,采用血常规白细胞检测进行诊断准确率为72.24%,超声检测诊断准确率为96.58%,其中根据间接征象进行诊断准确率达到了95.52%。结论:利用超声诊断小儿急性阑尾炎准确率较高,其中利用间接征象并结合小儿阑尾炎症状进行诊断准确率达到了95.52%,值得临床推广。     

心电图变化在急性胰腺炎患者诊断中的应用

目的评价急性胰腺炎患者的心电图变化对其预后及诊疗的价值。方法收集2001年1月—2006年1月在天津市南开医院确诊的新发急性胰腺炎患者(230例)的心电图,并进行回顾性分析,综合评价。结果230例急性胰腺炎患者,95例出现心电图异常(41.31%),其中:急性水肿性胰腺炎(MAP)174例,出现心电图异常为61例(35.06%);出血坏死性胰腺炎(SAP)56例,出现心电图异常为34例(60.71%)。结论心电图的变化对急性胰腺炎预后及诊疗均具有一定的临床意义。     

Ozone-Based Decomposition of Main Endocrine Disruption Chemicals in Sewage Effluent

In order to decompose endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) in sewage effluent, ozone based oxidation of nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA) and 17β-estradiol (E2) was investigated. Experimental results showed that these EDCs were decomposed easily even in the presence of other organic substances of TOC 5 mg/L. The simulation using kinetic constants obtained from the experiments indicated that these EDCs in sewage effluent were removed to below the detection limit with an amount of ozone consumed less than 0.5 mg/L. Ozonation also reduced the estrogenic activity and the aquatic acute toxicity of these EDCs solution. From these results it was concluded that ozonation was very effective in decomposing these EDCs in sewage effluent.     

Acute toxicity removal in textile finishing wastewater by Fenton's oxidation, ozone and coagulation-flocculation processes

This study evaluates the effectiveness of Fenton's oxidation (FO) process and ozone (O3) oxidation compared with a coagulation-flocculation (CF) process to remove effluent toxicity as well as colour and COD from a textile industry wastewater. Daphnia magna was used to test acute toxicity in raw and pre-treated wastewater. The operational parameters for each process were determined on the basis of complete toxicity removal. The FO process removed COD at a higher rate (59%) than O3 (33%) while colour removal was similar (89% and 91%, respectively). The CF process removed both COD and colour at rates similar to the FO process. A colour range of 150-250 platin-cobalt (Pt-Co) unit was assessed for toxicity.     

亚麻籽油中药软胶囊的急性毒性试验和遗传毒性试验研究

通过亚麻籽油与中药天然产物复配得到了一种具有缓解视疲劳作用的软胶囊,并对该样品进行了急性毒性试验和遗传毒性试验研究。结果表明,急性毒性试验中,最大灌胃剂量高达17.3g/kgBW;Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和精子畸形试验结果均为阴性。因此,亚麻籽油中药软胶囊属无毒级,无致突变作用。     

米索前列醇对妊高征患者产后出血影响的临床研究

目的探讨妊高征患者产后出血的治疗方法,以积累经验,指导临床诊疗。方法收集90例于我院住院经阴道分娩的妊高征患者,分为2组,观察组(50例)应用米索前列醇和催产素治疗,对照组(40例)单纯应用催产素治疗,观察患者第3产程时间及产后2h内的出血量。结果观察组第3产程时间明显缩短,产后2h出血量明显减少。结论妊高征患者阴道分娩时,合理应用米索前列醇及催产素,能有效预防产后出血。     

The application of ozonation for the detoxification and biodegradability improvement of a textile auxiliary: Naphtalene sulphonic acid

From the environmental point of view, the textile industry dealing with operations such as fibre and fabric preparation, dyeing, finishing, printing etc. can be identified among the very chemical intensive sectors. Therefore the characterisation and management of textile auxiliaries within aqueous dyehouse effluents are becoming a challenging responsibility for the textile manufacturer. Although there is much speculation about the types and quantities of these chemicals released to the environment during textile manufacturing, there are only few data about the behaviour of these chemicals both in receiving water bodies and in wastewater treatment systems. Besides current understanding of industrial pollution control emphasizes the relevance of segregated stream management. This issue gains a further importance when segregated effluent streams containing auxiliaries with xenobiotic nature are considered.In this context the objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of ozonation on the toxicity and biodegradability of a naphthalene sulphonic acid derivative commonly applied in textile mills. The naphthalene sulphonic acid derivative prepared to simulate the actual situation in a dyebath discharge from a textile finishing industry has a COD of 1150 mg/l and a BOD of 10 mg/l, and pH of 5.5. Due to the highly soluble characteristic of the sulphonic groups the sample is completely soluble in nature. Ozonation experiments [conducted under the following conditions: 1200 mgO₃/h and 2400 mgO₃/h both at pH 5 and pH 11; 5325 mgO₃/h at both pH 12 and at the original pH (pH = 5.5)] show that the application of 5325 mgO₃/h ozone for 30 min at original pH can be considered as the optimum condition which is further evaluated in terms of inert COD fractions and acute toxicity. According to the experimental findings, raw naphtalene sulphonic acid derivative has an inert COD content of 1027 mg/l. With ozone application of 30 min 5325 mgO₃/h at original pH the inert COD concentration can be reduced down to 295 mg/l. The molecular weight cut-off experiments indicate that 58% of the COD originates from the 10 kDa-30 kDa fraction for the raw naphtalene sulphonic acid derivative. Due to chemical degradation under ozone, the fraction with the highest COD shifted to the < 1 kDa range for the ozonated naphtalene sulphonic acid derivative. Since the results related to the acute toxicity (in 50% v/v EC values) towards the marine algae Phaeodactylum tricornutum indicate that the toxicity of the formulation under investigation is increased considerably, it is recommended to run a further investigation by the use of another chemical oxidant instead of ozone.     

Acute kidney injury in China

China has a large population and bears a heavy burden of kidney diseases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly prevalent in China and is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. The inadequacies of early diagnosis and management remain the major challenges to Chinese nephrologists. There is an urgent need for a nationwide, or even a global effort to increase an awareness of the devastating effects of AKI, to develop professional preventive strategies, as well as to achieve early diagnosis and early intervention. In this article, we review the increasing incidence of AKI and complexity behind prevention and management, focusing on differences in various clinical settings in China.