Fresh coffee husks as potential sources of anthocyanins

Fresh coffee husks, comprised of outer skin and pulp, were investigated as potential sources of anthocyanins for applications as natural food colorants. The extracted pigments were analysed by HPLC with photodiode array detection. Partial hydrolysis and analysis of the resulting fragments were helpful in the characterization procedure. Cyanidin 3-rutinoside was characterized as the dominant anthocyanin in fresh coffee husks and its quantification suggested the fresh coffee husks to be a good candidate as source of this pigment.     

Parameter Evaluation and Performance Comparison of MSW Settlement Prediction Models in Various Landfill Types

Estimation of settlement for municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills is critical to the successful site operation and maintenance as well as to the future development of the sites. In this paper, the six existing settlement prediction models are analyzed according to the three landfill types. 15 MSW landfill sites are classified into three categories, Types I, II, and III depending on their settlement activity levels and fill age. Measured settlement data of each landfill site are plotted as a strain curve on a logarithmic time scale, and the slope of the curve is used to determine a settlement activity level. First, the parameters of each prediction model are evaluated to determine their typical values for each type of the landfills. The results will serve as a basis for engineers to determine if their calculated model parameters are within the typical ranges. Second, each model’s performance of predicting settlement for the landfill sites is analyzed against the measured settlement data to compare the model’s applicability according to the landfill types. The results recommend specific prediction models to be used in a certain landfill type(s).     

崩落矿岩流动性分类的模糊聚类分析

根据动态模糊聚类的基本思想,论述了崩落矿岩流动特性分类问题,详细讨论了数据初始化和最佳聚类数的特性,并设计了 FORTRAN 语言计算机程序,经易门凤山、东川面山等实例的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

A Transformational Economic-Mathematical Model

An integrated transformational model is developed; an example given and the model proposed can be used for computation of indices of renewal of Ukrainian funds.     

工业含铁垃圾磁选技术和设备的开发与应用

钢铁厂内每年产生数万吨含铁垃圾，回收其中的铁资源是企业发展的需要。据此，介绍了湘钢在磁选回收工业含铁垃圾方面的新成果和其应用效果。     

Microstructural evolution of cemented paste backfill: Mercury intrusion porosimetry test results

The microstructural evolution of different cemented paste backfill (CPB) samples made with ground silica was evaluated using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The influence of three binders (OPC, OPC with fly ash, and OPC with blast furnace slag) and of three types of water (one deionised and two sulphated) on the microstructure was studied over the curing time. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests were also performed to relate MIP results to the backfill mechanical strength. Among other findings, the MIP analyses indicate that the slag based binder combined with a mixing water having a high sulphate content (of 7549 ppm) showed the highest percentage of fine pores and the highest strength. This behaviour is related to the potential precipitation of sulphate phases in pores, which may contribute to strength enhancement. Based on MIP pore size distributions and UCS results, the authors propose a general relationship applicable for CPB.     

小球形托卡马克嬗变堆堆芯参数分析

本文探讨作为聚变能中间应用的一种可行性 :利用低环径比球状托卡马克堆的高能聚变中子嬗变核电站的核废物。计算了堆芯等离子体物理参数、中心柱增益并进行参数学分析、几种可能的电流驱动方案比较和中心柱冷却方案设计及其计算。为了减轻偏滤器和第一壁材料的要求 ,我们有意选择较低堆芯物理参数 ,较低的中子壁负载运行。结果表明中心柱增益较低。建议从理论上探索研究由球状托卡马克等离子体顺磁性 ,建立一个无力球马克极向电流壳为中心区提供大部分或全部Bt,旨在建立无中心柱的低径比球状托卡马堆。如果可行 ,它的性能将会大大改善     

Evaluation of capital cost data: Part 8: Liquid waste disposal with emphasis on biological treatment

Capital cost correlations are given for aeration basins, mechanical aerators, diffused aeration, conventional activated sludge process, extended aeration, contact stabilization, oxidation ditch, rotating biological contactor, trickling filter, aerobic lagoons, facultative lagoon, aerated lagoons and liners. Most of the correlations are accurate to ±30%, expressed in Canadian dollars and adjusted to a Marshall and Swift value of 1000. Details as to what components are included in the cost are given. Data are given for the labour and material costs to create a working process module. Data for oxidation ditches are accurate to ±50%. To put the current data into perspective, several hundred sources of cost data were analyzed. The major correlations are compared, on a consistent basis, with current data.     

IEA biomass thermal gasification project

The Biomass Thermal Gasification Project was started in late 1989 as Activity 4 of the IEA Bioenergy Agreement Task VII, Biomass Conversion. This paper reviews the project activities since its beginning, addressing biomass resources, state-of-the-art gasification technology, research needs, and the future project activities that are especially relevant to the nine (9) participating countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, The Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.     

含钴废料钴回收问题初探

本文在介绍含钴废料的来源、含钴 废料钴回收研究现状的基础上，提出了回收处理含钴废料的建议。