C_(10)~C_(14)烷基糖苷的合成及其作为乳化剂的应用

采用直接法合成了碳链长度为C10~C14的烷基糖苷(APG),用红外光谱对产品结构进行了表征,研究了烷基糖苷浓度及碳链长度对产品表、界面性质的影响。结果表明:随烷基糖苷浓度增大,水溶液表面张力、柴油-水界面张力降逐渐降低,而起泡性、泡沫稳定性逐渐增强。烷基糖苷碳链越长,临界胶束浓度(cmc)值越低;水溶液表面张力、柴油-水界面张力越低,起泡性、泡沫稳定性越强。基于烷基糖苷良好的表、界面性质,将其作为乳化剂制备成乳液,并与常见非离子表面活性剂OP-10制备的乳液进行了对比。烷基糖苷乳化性随浓度增大、碳链长度增长而增强;乳液微观形态表明不同碳链烷基糖苷形成乳状液稳定性、液滴均一性、填充性均优于OP-10稳定的乳液;稳定时间对乳液微观形态影响不大。所合成烷基糖苷中性能最优的为C14APG。     

Synthesis,Corrosion Inhibition Performance and Biodegradability of Novel Alkyl Hydroxyethyl Imidazoline Salts

New alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline salts were synthesized via a high pressure process with imidazoline and dimethyl carbonate, and their chemical structure were confirmed using mass spectral fragmentation and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. In addition, several quaternary ammonium salts with new counterions (formic acid, acetic acid and lactic acid) were also synthesized by ion exchange reaction of methyl carbonate quaternary ammoniums with the corresponding acids. These new compounds reduced the surface tension of water to a minimum value of approximately 27 mN m^?1 at a concentration of 8.72 × 10^?5 mol L^?1. They also show efficient corrosion inhibition performances and could significantly inhibit the corrosion of mild steel in acid solutions. It was also found that the biological degradation of these imidazoline surfactants was greater than 98 % after 7 days.     

The Effects of Marine Carbohydrates and Glycosylated Compounds on Human Health

Marine organisms have been recognized as a valuable source of bioactive compounds with industrial and nutraceutical potential. Recently, marine-derived carbohydrates, including polysaccharides and low molecular weight glycosylated oligosaccharides, have attracted much attention because of their numerous health benefits. Moreover, several studies have reported that marine carbohydrates exhibit various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-infection, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects. The present review discusses the potential industrial applications of bioactive marine carbohydrates for health maintenance and disease prevention. Furthermore, the use of marine carbohydrates in food, cosmetics, agriculture, and environmental protection is discussed.     

淀粉烷基糖苷磺基琥珀酸酯钠盐的合成及性能研究

以甘薯淀粉烷基糖苷(APG)为原料,合成了阴离子表面活性剂淀粉烷基糖苷磺基琥珀酸酯钠盐(APGSS)。研究了影响APG与马来酸酐(MA)的酯化反应及酯与NaHSO3磺化反应的各种因素,得出比较适宜的催化剂及反应条件:酯化反应以对甲苯磺酸作催化剂,其用量为APG与马来酸酐总质量的1.5%,反应温度100℃,n(APG)∶n(MA)=1∶1,反应时间4h;磺化反应温度120℃,n(NaHSO3)∶n(酯)=1∶1,反应时间2.5 h。通过红外光谱分析确定了产物结构,并测定了产物的物理化学性能,结果表明:产物APGSS临界胶束浓度为0.2 mg/L,其泡沫性能和润湿性能比APG均有提高。     

栀子总环烯醚萜苷纯化工艺研究

目的：优选栀子总环烯醚萜苷的纯化工艺。方法：采用正交实验设计,对栀子中栀子总环烯醚萜苷的纯化工艺进行了优化,以栀子苷标示栀子总环烯醚萜苷,采用HPLC法测定其含量,作为工艺筛选时的评价。结果：确立了栀子总环烯醚萜苷的纯化工艺,该工艺稳定可行。     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的3种植物染料

为加强染发剂中植物成分的安全监督管理,建立了化妆品中棓酸、二苯乙烯苷、指甲花醌的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法.样品经甲醇+四氢呋喃(1+1)溶解分散,用超声提取,C18色谱柱分离,甲醇+质量分数0.05％甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为276 nm.这3种物质的方法检出质量浓度为0.05～0.1 mg/g,...     

EFFECT OF ADDITION OF VARIOUS ACRYLATES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ETHYL CYANOACRYLATE ADHESIVE

Polyalkyl 2-cyanoacrylates begin to retropolymerize and deteriorate dramatically at temperatures above 80°C. They bond rapidly to the metal surfaces and readily lose strength even at ambient temperatures. These two drawbacks of the cyanoacrylates have made this class of adhesives unpopular as structural adhesives. Several attempts have been made to increase the thermal stability and the stability of the bond between the metal surfaces by adding chemicals like cyclopentadienoates and anhydrides to the cyanoacrylates. Cyclopentadienoates are not available commercially, and, therefore, in this study, we have selected various acrylates and methacrylates in the cyanoacrylate formulation and these were tested to various temperatures. Interesting results have been obtained and reported.     

Dimethacrylates of diallyl-, di(prop-1-enyl)-, and dipropyl bisphenol A as anaerobic adhesives

We have synthesized dimethacrylates of diallyl-, di(prop-1-enyl)-, and dipropyl bisphenol A by reacting the corresponding sodium phenoxide with methacryloyl chloride. The purified monomers were characterized by IR, ¹H-NMR, and mass spectrometry. A number of anaerobic adhesive formulations were made using these monomers. Tensile shear, impact, and torque strengths of the anaerobic adhesive bonds were measured by ASTM standard methods to evaluate the performance of these adhesive compositions. Generally they performed much better as anaerobic adhesives over conventional anaerobic adhesive formulations based on polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylates.     

Identification of flavonol glycosides in American cranberry fruit

Two flavonol glycosides, quercetin galactoside and quercetin arabinoside, have been identified in American cranberry fruit, as a complementary investigation of our previous study. The analysis processes included separation, hydrolysis and structure elucidation of flavonol glycosides. The separation of flavonol glycosides was carried out by solvent extraction, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After hydrolysis of the obtained flavonol glycosides, flavonol aglycones and sugars were identified by HPLC and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), respectively.