Effect of Twin-Plane Reentrant Edge on the Coarsening Behavior of Barium Titanate Grains

When BaTiO₃ ceramics were sintered at relatively low temperatures (≤1250°C), the grains with reentrant edges caused by a (111) double twin grew exclusively. As a result, a microstructure with a bimodal grain-size distribution composed of platelike large grains and fine matrix grains was obtained. In contrast, at the usual sintering temperature between 1250° and 1350°C, grains containing a (111) double twin did not exhibit any growth advantage. In this case, a coarse and uniform microstructure was obtained. When this coarse-grained specimen was further heat-treated at 1365°C, the grains possessing a double twin were observed to grow exclusively again. The results were explained in terms of a coarsening process controlled by two-dimensional nucleation.     

钛酸铝陶瓷热电偶保护管的试制

以工业氧化铝和钛白粉为基本原料、滑石为添加剂，采用注浆成型工艺，试制出了钛酸铝陶瓷热电偶保护管。     

共沉淀法制备Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12纳米粉体

用硝酸铋、硝酸镧和钛酸四丁酯为原料，硝酸、无水乙醇和去离子水为溶剂，氨水为沉淀剂，采用共沉淀法合成了单相铋层状钙钛矿结构Bi3.25La0．75Ti3O12(BLT)纳米粉体。用DTA／TG和XRD研究了BLT前驱体的热行为和晶相转化过程，用场致发射扫描电子显微镜观察了BLT粉体的颗粒形貌和大小的变化。结果表明：共沉淀前驱体溶液的配制过程中，硝酸铋水解生成的硝酸氧铋不利于层状钙钛矿结构BLT相的合成。利用浓度较高的硝酸作溶剂，可以防止硝酸铋的水解，采用氨基共沉淀法直接合成出了单一相的BLT纳米粉体，在煅烧过程中，未出现Bi2Ti2O3焦绿石相。700℃煅烧2h合成的BLT粉体颗粒不大于100nm，颗粒间结合疏松，具有良好的分散性。     

溶液雾化微波等离子体CVD法制备SrTiO3薄膜

研究了一种新型高效制备多组分陶瓷薄膜的方法，它采用可溶性无机盐溶液雾化为反应膜，利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积工艺在Al2O3基片上制备了SrTiO3基陶瓷薄膜，实验结果表明，薄膜沉积时衬底温度对成膜的相组成与结构产生重要影响，本实验中当沉积薄膜衬底温度在700℃时，可以制备出单一相组成，符合化学计量比，结晶性较好，晶粒度呈球形且均匀分布的SrTiO3薄膜，通过对不同氧分压下薄膜电阻测试，发现此SrTiO3薄膜在O2 N2气氛中氧浓度由1%变化到20%时，其电阻值由5.0MΩ变化到2.5MΩ，从而显示出一定氧敏性能。     

钛酸钡基铁电材料的介电非线性研究

通过A位或B位掺杂改性得到的钛酸钡基铁电材料,在外加直流偏置电场作用下,具有介电常数非线性可调的优异介电性能,可以广泛地应用于压控可调陶瓷电容器和微波可调器件领域。针对钛酸钡基铁电材料的介电非线性特性,讨论了BaTiO_3基铁电材料分别在铁电相、顺电相以及相转变温度场附近的介电非线性机理和相关理论;结合笔者近年来有关介电非线性研究的实验结果和相关文献报道,综述了不同A位离子(如Sr~(2-)和Ca~(2-)等)或B位离子(如Zr~(4 )和Sn~(4-)等)掺杂的BaTiO_3基铁电材料体系的介电非线性研究现状,分别对不同物质形态(陶瓷块体、薄膜和厚膜)的BaTiO_3基铁电材料的介电非线性研究及其应用进行了对比分析;并对钛酸钡基铁电材料今后的发展趋势和研究方向进行了展望。     

压电陶瓷变压器材料PMMN-PZT的研究

研究了一种四元系压电陶瓷变压器材料PMMN -PZT。XRD分析证明 ,采用二步法预合成的PMMN -PZT粉料不如一步法 ;SEM分析进一步证实了一步法预合成的粉料能制成性能更好的陶瓷样品。造粒工艺对陶瓷样品的显微结构和压电性能也有重要的影响。最后制得了性能较好的PMMN -PZT压电陶瓷材料 ,其Kp=0 .5 18,Qm=3887,tanδ =0 .71% ,εT3 3 /ε0 =70 1,d3 3 =2 0 3,基本上能满足压电变压器的要求     

Understanding aluminum behaviour in aqueous alkaline solution using coupled techniques: Part I. Rotating ring-disk study

Rotating disk electrode (RDE) and rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) measurements have been undertaken to study the behaviour of pure aluminum electrodes in alkaline media. The measurements did consist of linear sweep voltammetry from anodic to cathodic potentials on 4N, 5N or 5N5-aluminum samples in 4 M aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. In the potential range studied (−0.7 V versus NHE to −2.5 V versus NHE) the aluminum undergoes oxidation/dissolution into aluminates anions at high electrode potential while it yields strong hydrogen evolution at low potentials. Thanks to the RRDE technique, we show that hydrogen starts to evolve from the aluminum electrode even above the open circuit potential. Also, the oxidation state of superficial aluminum varies according to the electrode potential: whereas non-conducting aluminum oxides are present above the open-circuit potential hindering hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), they tend to disappear below the ocp, due to the strong hydrogen evolution, following the probable porous oxide layer blow up induced by the hydrogen bubbles formation. In consequence at very low potential, HER occurs on bare aluminum, HER kinetics being much faster than on oxide-covered aluminum.     

液态源雾化化学沉积法制备(Pb,La)TiO3薄膜

研究了在Pt/Ti/SiO2 /Si基片上用液态源雾化化学沉积法制备镧钛酸铅 [(Pb ,La)TiO3,PLT]薄膜的工艺 ,并分析了各种因素对其相结构的影响。采用金属有机物热分解工艺的先体溶液 ,在沉积阶段 ,用超声波将先体溶液雾化 ,产生微米级的汽雾 ,由载气 (Ar)引入沉积室进行沉积 ,并在沉积室进行预热处理。重复上述过程 ,直到膜厚达到要求 ,再进行退火处理得到均匀、致密的薄膜。此工艺各项参数如下 :沉积前沉积室内气压为 4× 10 - 3Pa ;沉积时沉积室内气压为 8× 10 3～ 9× 10 3Pa ,沉积时基片温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ ;预处理温度为 30 0℃ ;最佳热处理温度为 60 0℃ ;超声雾化器工作频率为 1.7MHz;薄膜沉积速率为 3nm/min。XRD和SEM图分析说明 ,制备的铁电薄膜具有钙钛矿结构     

钛酸铝基复合陶瓷的研究

提出了钛酸铝陶瓷研究中存在的问题．论述了颗粒弥散强化陶瓷基复合陶瓷的机理，叙述了第二相颗粒补强钛酸铝基复合陶瓷的国内外研究状况．认为钛酸铝基复合陶瓷是一种很有前途的抗热震冲击且耐高温的材料，并指出了今后的研究方向。     

钛酸铝材料研究进展及应用

钛酸铝是一种优异的高熔点、低膨胀无机非金属材料。主要阐述了钛酸铝材料的微观结构，以及热分解、热膨胀及其影响因素。简述了钛酸铝材料的制备方法。讨论了合成的工艺条件及添加剂对钛酸铝材料性能的影响，并对其应用作了简单介绍。最后提出了改善钛酸铝材料性能的技术途径。