拉丁美洲的光通信和市场

拉美的光通信场市场随各国经济的改革和复兴走上了快速发展之路，与发达国家积极合作和大力建设海底光缆是其发展的两大特点。本文概要介绍了拉美６个主要国家的光通信市场发展前景、现状及电信投资额，并给出了该地区正在或计划建设的海底光缆系统的具体情况。     

世界主要国家天然气政策比较及其启示

对世界上6个天然气生产或消费国的天然气政策进行了分析比较。认为其政策共同点在于:重视通过政府政策对天然气市场进行引导;强调市场自由化对天然气供应安全的重要性;鼓励私人资本参与天然气市场基础设施建设;通过外交等手段实现进出口目标。这对我国加快天然气市场的发展具有重要的借鉴意义:即我国天然气发展一方面应立足国内资源,拓展融资渠道,加强勘探开发和基础设施建设,完善相关政策,加强政策引导与政府协调监管;另一方面应积极实施“走出去”战略,慎重稳妥地进口国外天然气和吸收利用国外天然气新技术,加快天然气科技发展。     

英美科普图书奖项述评

英美获奖科普图书的类型主要依据受众对象、学科性质的不同来划分。按受众对象分的奖项如英国皇家学会的"青少年图书奖"(Royal Society Young People’s Book Prize)、美国科学教师协会的"青少年优秀科普图书奖"(Outstanding Science Trade Books for Students K-12)等,按学科性质分的如美国图书馆协会的"STS奥伯利农业或自然科学书目奖"(STS Oberly Award for Bibliography in the Agricultural or Natural Sciences)、"罗伯特·F·塞伯特信息图书奖"(Robert F.Sibert Informational Book Medal)等。本研究旨在了解英美不同类型科普图书奖项设置需要考虑的共同因素,主要以两国科学、教育、图书馆等组织下设置的科普图书奖项为例,对这些科普图书奖项的背景、评委会、评奖过程、标准等做出综述,并在分析提炼比较的基础上给出若干思考。     

Horacio Coppola: Towards an Aesthetic Genealogy

Although a milestone in the history of Latin American photography, the work of Horacio Coppola is little known outside Argentina. His unorthodox angles and tilting frames, his attention to industrial and urban themes, and his experimentation with different lenses in the period between 1927 and 1931 were in absolute synchrony with the precepts of European New Vision and New Objectivity photography, and with American straight photography. That Coppola’s visual idiom was in tune with the latest photographic developments in interwar Europe is obvious. What remains unclear is how exactly he achieved that synchrony. Several scholars have wrestled with this question, which nevertheless remains elusive due to lack of evidence of direct contact with European photography prior to his studies at the Berlin Bauhaus in 1932 and his repeated attempts to downplay the influence contemporary photographers had on his work. The article provides a systematic study of Coppola’s aesthetic genealogy and his photographic borrowings through a critical examination of his early pictures and theoretical writings. It teases out possible direct and indirect channels of dialogue with the New Vision, New Objectivity, and straight photography in the second half of the 1920s, and probes the reasons behind Coppola’s reluctance to admit a connection with contemporary European photography in particular.     

Restaurant-associated botulism outbreaks in North America

Foodborne botulism is a fairly rare disease but, because of its high mortality rate and often severe, debilitating symptoms, it is a dreaded disease. Most foods involved in botulism outbreaks worldwide are prepared in the home. However, seven incidents associated with eating establishments involving a total of over 170 cases were reported in North America from 1977 to 1987. These incidents are described, along with the possible factors leading to toxigenesis in the implicated foods.     

"Psychology in Latin America": Errata.

Reports an error in the original article by Ruben Ardila (American Psychologist, 1968[Aug], 23[8], 567-574). The next to the last sentence in the first column on page 573 should read "In Table 5 I have listed 39 Latin American journals of psychology." On page 568 of the same article corrections for Table 1 are noted, and the corrected Table 1 listing the number of South American psychologists in 1941 and 1968 is given. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1969-01690-001.) Psychology in Latin America began as a practical discipline related to medicine, education, and philosophy. Scientific psychology started in 1898 with the foundation of the 1st laboratory of experimental psychology in Buenos Aires. Today there are departments of psychology in the majority of the Latin American countries, the main areas of interests being clinical psychology, cross-cultural research, psychometrics, operant conditioning, etc. Clinical psychology is growing as a profession, and in most of the countries there are professional associations of psychologists. Most psychological journals are devoted to general and applied psychology. Research and its applications are in progress, showing that psychology is a growing science and profession in Latin America. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Posthuman City: Imminent Urban Commons

Urban planning has long been governed by the classification of human activities – work, residence, leisure and transport. However, this approach is ill suited to addressing the ever more pressing environmental concerns of our age. Alejandro Zaera-Polo – Artistic Codirector of the Seoul Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism 2017 and cofounder with Maider Llaguno of architecture practice AZPML – argues for broad new urban cosmologies and an embracing of technology to enhance the democracy of urbanism.     

城市设计教育：北美经验解析及中国的路径选择

北美城市设计无论在理论、实践还是教育方面对中国城市设计的兴起与发展都影响巨大。本文回顾了北美高校城市设计硕士培养的缘起与现状,以典型的城市设计教育案例为样本,分析了建筑学背景下不同培养模式的现状,并以加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学为例比较分析了新出现的分散型培养模式。最后,论文基于对中国城市设计若干问题的理解,提出中国城市设计教育的路径选择。     

美国、日本和中国钛工业发展评述

简要叙述了美国、日本和中国近年钛工业的状况和展望，从钛矿资源、海绵钛、钛加工材、钛应用开发、钛合金研究开发等方面比较了各自发展的特点。