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31.
Dry reforming of methane has been investigated on two series of catalysts either prepared by co-precipitation: n(NixMgy)/Al, NixMgy and NixAly or prepared by impregnation: Ni/MgO (mol% Ni = 5, 10). The catalysts, calcined at 600–900 °C, were characterized by different techniques: BET, H2-TPR, TPO, XRD, IR, and TEM-EDX analysis. The surface BET (30–182 m2 g−1) decreased with increasing the temperature of calcination, after reduction and in the presence of Mg element. The XRD analysis showed, for n(NixMgy)/Al catalysts, the presence of NiAl2O4 and NiO–MgO solid solutions. The catalyst reducibility decreased with increasing the temperature of pretreatment. The n(NixMgy)/Al catalysts were active for dry reforming of methane with a good resistance to coke formation. The bimetallic catalyst Ni0.05Mg0.95 (calcined at 750 °C and tested at 800 °C) presents a poor activity. In contrast, the 5% Ni/MgO catalyst, having the same composition but prepared by impregnation, presents a high activity for the same calcination and reaction conditions. For all the catalysts the activity decreased with increasing the temperature of calcination and a previous H2-reduction of the catalyst improves the performances. The TPO profiles and TEM-EDX analysis showed mainly four types of coke: CHx species, surface carbon, nickel carbide and carbon nanotubes. 相似文献
32.
将ZrO2直接负载在MxOy(Al2O3,SiO2,CeO2)上组成负载型ZrO2/MxOy复合载体,并以此负载型复合载体制备Ni基催化剂,用BET、XRD、TPR和TPD等对催化剂的比表面积、晶相结构、还原性能等进行了表征,同时以CO2重整CH4为探针考察了催化剂的活性和稳定性。结果表明,复合载体对Ni基催化剂的性能有较大的影响:Ni/ZrO2/SiO2具有较好的初活性,但反应5 h后明显下降;Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3在反应50 h后CO2和CH4的转化率基本保持不变。 相似文献
33.
采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni/γ-Al2O3和Ni/La2O3-γ-Al2O3系列催化剂,通过固定床反应、热重分析等方法,考察了催化剂的性能。结果表明:Ni质量分数为10%的Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有较高的活性;稀土元素La的加入,提高了催化剂的抗积炭性能;在相同的反应条件下,10%Ni/3%La2O3-γ-Al2O3催化剂的积炭量比10%Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂积炭量降低了40%,稳定性大大提高。以Ni/La2O3-γ-Al2O3催化剂中Ni质量分数10%,并且La质量分数3%为最佳,实验条件下制得的合成气CO/H2接近1/1。 相似文献
34.
35.
Promotion of hydrogen permeation on metal-dispersed alumina membranes and its application to a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Maorong Chai Masato Machida Koichi Eguchi Hiromichi Arai 《Applied Catalysis A: General》1994,110(2):239-250
A mesoporous membrane for selective separation of hydrogen was prepared usingthe sol-gel method. Some metal salts such as RuCl3, Pd(NH3)4Cl2, RhCl3,, and H 2PtCl6, were added to the boehmite sol and coated on a porous alumina substrate before firing at 500°C. It was foundthat the permeability of hydrogen and the separation factor for a hydrogen-nitrogen gaseous mixture of these metaldispersed membranes exceeded the limitations of the Knudsen diffusion mechanism. Although the gas permeation through a neat alumina membrane is governed by the Knudsen diffusion, the metals dispersed in alumina membranes were effective in promoting hydrogen permeation. These metaldispersed alumina membranes were also used in a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming at low temperature. In the temperature range of 300 to 500°C, the membrane reactor attained a methane conversion twice as high as the equilibrium value of the packed bed catalytic reactor system as a result of the selective removal of hydrogen from the reaction system. 相似文献
36.
重整催化剂活性铂原子的表面分散特性与催化剂的活性密切相关。借助球差校正扫描透射电子显微镜(Cs-STEM),针对金属Pt、Sn质量分数均为0.3%左右的低负载量的工业Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3重整催化剂,采用STEM方法研究了不同工业状态下Pt原子在催化剂载体表面的分散特性。结果表明:新鲜催化剂中活性元素Pt以单原子或小原子簇形式分散,催化剂失活的过程是活性Pt原子不断聚集的过程;当Pt-Sn金属聚集体尺寸大到不能再生分散时,则催化剂活性无法恢复。本研究从工业剂角度给出了金属原子分散性与催化剂性能的构效关系。 相似文献
37.
Zhenhua Li Jinjia Liu Jiaqi Zhao Run Shi Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse Xiao-Dong Wen Tierui Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(11):2213672
Methanol steam reforming (MSR) is viewed as an important technology in the growth of a future hydrogen economy, with methanol serving as an easily transportable and storable liquid hydrogen carrier. However, the thermocatalytic MSR reaction is energy intensive as it requires high temperatures. Herein, a novel L-Cu catalyst is successfully fabricated for photo-driven MSR through reduction of CuAl layered double hydroxide (CuAl-LDH) nanosheets. L-Cu offers outstanding activity for the photothermal conversion of methanol and water to hydrogen (160.5 µmol gcat−1 s−1) under ultraviolet-visible irradiation, with this rate being much higher than that achieved for L-Cu at the same temperature in the dark. Characterization studies using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy determine that L-Cu catalyst comprise Cu nanoparticles on an amorphous alumina support. Computational calculations reveale that Cu localized surface plasmon resonance effects promote the activation of H2O, thereby underpinning the remarkable hydrogen production rates achieved during photo-driven MSR. This study introduces a novel photothermal strategy for hydrogen generation from methanol, demonstrating the enormous potential of photothermal catalysis in the chemical and energy sectors. 相似文献
38.
针对高职教育存在不能满足社会人才需求的状况,在分析高职教育自身原因基础上,提出以就业为导向的教学改革思想。以就业为导向的教学,是高职教育追求的目标,是实现人才培养与学生"零距离就业"的根本途径。结合我校近几年软件人才培养模式,总结经验,提出新的以就业为导向培养学生综合能力的教学改革思路,实践证明该教学改革有很好的发展前景。 相似文献
39.
催化连续重整是石油加工中极其重要的工艺过程。由于反应复杂,过程变量多,变量之间耦合严重,存在许多重要不易测量变量,使过程控制难度大,采用常规的PID单回路控制有很大的局限性。多变量模型预估控制MPC是石油化工生产中广泛应用的1种先进控制策略。霍尼韦尔公司在MPC的基础上开发出了鲁棒多变量模型预测控制技术RMPCT。将R... 相似文献
40.
The use of hydrogen as an energy carrier could help address our concerns about energy security, global climate change,and air quality. Fuel cells are an important enabling technology for the Hydrogen Future and have the potential to revolutionize theway we power our nation, offering cleaner, more-efficient alternatives to the combustion of gasoline and other fossil fuels.For over 45 years, GTI has been active in hydrogen energy research, development and demonstration. The Institute has extensive experience and on-going work in all aspects of the hydrogen energy economy including production, delivery, infrastructure,use, safety and public policy. This paper discusses the recent GTI programs in hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). 相似文献