水痘-带状疱疹病毒Oka株与临床分离株可变区基因的序列分析

目的对水痘-带状疱疹病毒(Varicella-zoster virus,VZV)Oka株(V-Oka株)与分离于临床水痘患者的野毒株进行可变区基因序列比对分析。方法提取V-Oka株和VZV临床分离株的基因组DNA,对其串联重复序列区(R区)进行PCR扩增和测序;将R3基因的纯化产物与pMD18-T载体连接,转化感受态大肠杆菌JM109,提取质粒,经双酶切鉴定及测序;将测序结果与GenBank中登录的V-Oka株基因序列进行比对分析。结果 R1～R5基因扩增产物及R3基因重组质粒的双酶切产物片段大小均与预期相符;V-Oka株较稳定,测序结果与GenBank中登录的V-Oka株R1～R5基因序列一致,野毒株R区序列呈现多态性,与V-Oka株有差异,R4区序列区别明显。结论水痘患者的致病毒株为野毒株;R4的重复单位拷贝数可为临床快速鉴别V-Oka株与野毒株提供科学的手段。     

Babesia Bovis Ligand-Receptor Interaction: AMA-1 Contains Small Regions Governing Bovine Erythrocyte Binding

Apical membrane antigen 1 is a microneme protein which plays an indispensable role during Apicomplexa parasite invasion. The detailed mechanism of AMA-1 molecular interaction with its receptor on bovine erythrocytes has not been completely defined in Babesia bovis. This study was focused on identifying the minimum B. bovis AMA-1-derived regions governing specific and high-affinity binding to its target cells. Different approaches were used for detecting ama-1 locus genetic variability and natural selection signatures. The binding properties of twelve highly conserved 20-residue-long peptides were evaluated using a sensitive and specific binding assay based on radio-iodination. B. bovis AMA-1 ectodomain structure was modelled and refined using molecular modelling software. NetMHCIIpan software was used for calculating B- and T-cell epitopes. The B. bovis ama-1 gene had regions under functional constraint, having the highest negative selective pressure intensity in the Domain I encoding region. Interestingly, B. bovis AMA-1-DI (¹⁰⁰YMQKFDIPRNHGSGIYVDLG¹¹⁹ and ¹²⁰GYESVGSKSYRMPVGKCPVV¹³⁹) and DII (³⁰²CPMHPVRDAIFGKWSGGSCV³²¹)-derived peptides had high specificity interaction with erythrocytes and bound to a chymotrypsin and neuraminidase-treatment sensitive receptor. DI-derived peptides appear to be exposed on the protein’s surface and contain predicted B- and T-cell epitopes. These findings provide data (for the first-time) concerning B. bovis AMA-1 functional subunits which are important for establishing receptor-ligand interactions which could be used in synthetic vaccine development.     

The Versatile Manipulations of Self-Assembled Proteins in Vaccine Design

Protein assemblies provide unique structural features which make them useful as carrier molecules in biomedical and chemical science. Protein assemblies can accommodate a variety of organic, inorganic and biological molecules such as small proteins and peptides and have been used in development of subunit vaccines via display parts of viral pathogens or antigens. Such subunit vaccines are much safer than traditional vaccines based on inactivated pathogens which are more likely to produce side-effects. Therefore, to tackle a pandemic and rapidly produce safer and more effective subunit vaccines based on protein assemblies, it is necessary to understand the basic structural features which drive protein self-assembly and functionalization of portions of pathogens. This review highlights recent developments and future perspectives in production of non-viral protein assemblies with essential structural features of subunit vaccines.     

基于压电陶瓷传感器的非接触式精准逐拍心率提取方法研究

心冲击图(BCG)可用于无接触式地监测生命体征。在BCG的逐拍心率提取中,较低的平均绝对误差对于精确地获取用户的心率变异性(HRV)指标具有重要意义。为解决目前大多数方法在逐拍心率计算精度方面的不足,该文设计了一种基于压电陶瓷的心冲击信号采集系统。通过采用合适的传感器外壳结构和采样频率,增加传感器的灵敏度和BCG的时间...     

丙型肝炎病毒多表位基因核酸疫苗的构建及其免疫原性

目的构建丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)多表位基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm,用该重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,并检测其免疫原性。方法用BamHⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切含有HCVC区、E2区模拟表位和NS3~NS5区细胞表位串联基因的原核表达载体pQE30-CtEm,克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-),脂质体瞬时转染CHO细胞,并检测其表达。以100μg重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测其体液免疫和细胞免疫效果。结果所构建的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm在CHO细胞中能获得有效表达。该质粒免疫小鼠后可诱导高水平的抗体,特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应、IFN-γ水平及CTL活性均明显高于空载体和生理盐水对照组。结论已成功构建HCV多表位基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm,免疫小鼠后可诱导特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫应答。     

虚拟专用通信网的构建

本文论述了基于电话交换技术和智能网技术的虚拟专用电话网的构建，同时提出了基于IP技术和MPLS技术的虚拟专用数据网的构建方案。     

疫苗食品研发展望

用转基因动植物和微生物生产的可食基因工程疫苗即为疫苗食品,它是当前食品生物技术研究的热点之一。疫苗食品与传统的注射疫苗相比,具有成本低、安全性好、易推广等优点。文章着重介绍了疫苗食品的作用机理及其产生、发展过程,提出了疫苗食品的发展前景。     

Molecularly imprinted polymers by phase inversion technique for the selective recognition of saccharides of biomedical interest in aqueous solutions

The purpose of this work was the preparation and characterization of polymeric membranes for the selective recognition of saccharides using molecular imprinting technology associated with phase inversion. A system able to bind saccharides with high selectivity is particularly important in the pharmaceutical sector, since some of these compounds are constituents of molecules which can exert serious toxic effects even at very low concentrations. Two polymeric matrices were prepared using poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) copolymers, with an ethylene molar content of 32% and 44%, and were imprinted with two different saccharide molecules: maltose and 2‐keto‐3‐deoxy‐d ‐manno‐octulosonate (KDO). Matrices imprinted against maltose and KDO showed an easy template extraction, high binding capability and satisfactory selectivity, particularly for the matrix with an ethylene molar content of 44%. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Molecular Mechanisms to Control Post-Transplantation Hepatitis B Recurrence

Hepatitis B often progresses to decompensated liver cirrhosis requiring orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Although newer nucleos(t)ide analogues result in >90% viral and hepatitis activity control, severely decompensated patients still need OLT because of drug-resistant virus, acute exacerbation, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Acute hepatitis B is also an indication for OLT, because it can progress to fatal acute liver failure. After OLT, the hepatitis B recurrence rate is >80% without prevention, while >90% of transplant recipients are clinically controlled with combined hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment. However, long-term HBIG administration is associated with several unresolved issues, including limited availability and extremely high cost; therefore, several treatment protocols with low-dose HBIG, combined with nucleos(t)ide analogues, have been investigated. Another approach is to induce self-producing anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies using an HBV envelope (HBs) antigen vaccine. Patients who are not HBV carriers, such as those with acutely infected liver failure, are good candidates for vaccination. For chronic HBV carrier liver cirrhosis patients, a successful vaccine response can only be achieved in selected patients, such as those treated with experimentally reduced immunosuppression protocols. The present protocol for post-OLT HBV control and the future prospects of newer treatment strategies are reviewed.     

流行性乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗对国内外不同野毒株的免疫性

目的　研究乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗对国内外不同野毒株的免疫原性。方法　用小鼠保护力试验和空斑减少中和试验检测该疫苗对国内外不同野毒株攻击的保护作用及其免疫血清的中和能力。结果　小鼠免疫 1针后均能抵抗国内 11株和国外 11株乙脑病毒的攻击 ,保护率均可达 90 %以上 ;人体免疫血清对台湾 1株和国外 9株病毒均有明显的中和作用。结论　SA14 142株乙脑活疫苗具有广谱的免疫原性。