表面带磺酸基团的聚苯乙烯微球的制备及其对蛋白质的吸附

研究了运用分散聚合法,在乙醇/水混合介质中,制备2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)与苯乙烯(St)的共聚微球。运用红外、核磁共振、激光光散射和扫描电子显微镜对功能微球进行表征。阐述了该微球对牛血清蛋白(BSA)的吸附量与吸附时间和pH值的关系。结果表明:功能微球对BSA的吸附先随时间的增长而增大,一段时间后达到平衡吸附。当pH值接近BSA等电点(pI=4.7)时,BSA的吸附量达到最大值。     

Analysis of microRNAs in Exosomes of Breast Cancer Patients in Search of Molecular Prognostic Factors in Brain Metastases

Brain metastases are the most severe tumorous spread during breast cancer disease. They are associated with a limited quality of life and a very poor overall survival. A subtype of extracellular vesicles, exosomes, are sequestered by all kinds of cells, including tumor cells, and play a role in cell-cell communication. Exosomes contain, among others, microRNAs (miRs). Exosomes can be taken up by other cells in the body, and their active molecules can affect the cellular process in target cells. Tumor-secreted exosomes can affect the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and have an impact on brain metastases forming. Serum samples from healthy donors, breast cancer patients with primary tumors, or with brain, bone, or visceral metastases were used to isolate exosomes and exosomal miRs. Exosomes expressed exosomal markers CD63 and CD9, and their amount did not vary significantly between groups, as shown by Western blot and ELISA. The selected 48 miRs were detected using real-time PCR. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. We identified two miRs with the potential to serve as prognostic markers for brain metastases. Hsa-miR-576-3p was significantly upregulated, and hsa-miR-130a-3p was significantly downregulated in exosomes from breast cancer patients with cerebral metastases with AUC: 0.705 and 0.699, respectively. Furthermore, correlation of miR levels with tumor markers revealed that hsa-miR-340-5p levels were significantly correlated with the percentage of Ki67-positive tumor cells, while hsa-miR-342-3p levels were inversely correlated with tumor staging. Analysis of the expression levels of miRs in serum exosomes from breast cancer patients has the potential to identify new, non-invasive, blood-borne prognostic molecular markers to predict the potential for brain metastasis in breast cancer. Additional functional analyzes and careful validation of the identified markers are required before their potential future diagnostic use.     

光谱法研究甲啶铂与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

甲啶铂(picoplatin)是一种新型的抗癌药物,但其在体内的作用机制尚不明确.利用荧光光谱技术研究模拟人生理条件(Tris-HCl缓冲溶液体系,pH7.4)下甲啶铂与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,甲啶铂对BSA的内源荧光(336 nm)有猝灭作用.在室温296 K和模拟人体温度310 K条件下,甲啶铂对BSA的...     

On the Effect of pH,Temperature, and Surfactant Structure on Bovine Serum Albumin–Cationic/Anionic/Nonionic Surfactants Interactions in Cacodylate Buffer–Fluorescence Quenching Studies Supported by UV Spectrophotometry and CD Spectroscopy

Due to the fact that surfactant molecules are known to alter the structure (and consequently the function) of a protein, protein–surfactant interactions are very important in the biological, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Although there are numerous studies on the interactions of albumins with surfactants, the investigations are often performed at fixed environmental conditions and limited to separate surface-active agents and consequently do not present an appropriate comparison between their different types and structures. In the present paper, the interactions between selected cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants, namely hexadecylpyridinium chloride (CPC), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol sorbitan monolaurate, monopalmitate, and monooleate (TWEEN 20, TWEEN 40, and TWEEN 80, respectively) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied qualitatively and quantitatively in an aqueous solution (10 mM cacodylate buffer; pH 5.0 and 7.0) by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy supported by UV spectrophotometry and CD spectroscopy. Since in the case of all studied systems, the fluorescence intensity of BSA decreased regularly and significantly under the action of the surfactants added, the fluorescence quenching mechanism was analyzed thoroughly with the use of the Stern–Volmer equation (and its modification) and attributed to the formation of BSA–surfactant complexes. The binding efficiency and mode of interactions were evaluated among others by the determination, comparison, and discussion of the values of binding (association) constants of the newly formed complexes and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, ΔS). Furthermore, the influence of the structure of the chosen surfactants (charge of hydrophilic head and length of hydrophobic chain) as well as different environmental conditions (pH, temperature) on the binding mode and the strength of the interaction has been investigated and elucidated.     

纳米掺锶羟基磷灰石的制备及其吸附性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-超临界流体干燥法制备了粒径在100 nm以下的纳米掺锶羟基磷灰石(SrHAP),以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为吸附目标,研究了纳米SrHAP的吸附性能.结果发现在偏酸性条件下,纳米SrHAP比纳米HAP对BSA的吸附量大,表明掺锶后吸附性能提高;但在碱性条件下,纳米SrHAP对BSA的吸附量减小.纳米SrHAP对BSA的吸附是个快速吸附过程,增加Sr/[Ca Sr]原子比XSr和BSA的起始浓度有利于吸附,升高温度不利于吸附.     

TAPPI JOURNAL 2018年第10期目次

本实验建立在之前对含淀粉乳胶涂料的流变特性和动态保水性的研究成果基础之上。前期研究表明,淀粉胶乳的流变性和动态保水性不同于传统熟化涂布淀粉。本实验采用血清置换法研究了水膨胀淀粉纳米粒子的基本性能及其胶体行为。结果表明,淀粉胶乳是由微粒和少量可溶性聚合物组成的复杂体系。提高交联度会减少可溶性组分,并降低分散黏度。实验室圆柱形涂布机形成的涂层显示,丁苯胶乳具有可塑性,在压光过程中起到润滑剂的作用,有助于提高纸张光泽度。将生物胶乳与羟乙基淀粉（接枝聚合物）交联可以提高涂料的保水性,但是低交联Bio-A的使用则会降低涂布纸的光泽度。     

Serum Amyloid A3 Promoter-Driven Luciferase Activity Enables Visualization of Diabetic Kidney Disease

The early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice is necessary for the development of drugs and functional foods. The purpose of this study was to identify genes that are significantly upregulated in the early stage of DN progression and develop a novel model to non-invasively monitor disease progression within living animals using in vivo imaging technology. Streptozotocin (STZ) treatment has been widely used as a DN model; however, it also exhibits direct cytotoxicity to the kidneys. As it is important to distinguish between DN-related and STZ-induced nephropathy, in this study, we compared renal responses induced by the diabetic milieu with two types of STZ models: multiple low-dose STZ injections with a high-fat diet and two moderate-dose STZ injections to induce DN. We found 221 genes whose expression was significantly altered during DN development in both models and identified serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) as a candidate gene. Next, we applied the Saa3 promoter-driven luciferase reporter (Saa3-promoter luc mice) to these two STZ models and performed in vivo bioluminescent imaging to monitor the progression of renal pathology. In this study, to further exclude the possibility that the in vivo bioluminescence signal is related to renal cytotoxicity by STZ treatment, we injected insulin into Saa3-promoter luc mice and showed that insulin treatment could downregulate renal inflammatory responses with a decreased signal intensity of in vivo bioluminescence imaging. These results strongly suggest that Saa3 promoter activity is a potent non-invasive indicator that can be used to monitor DN progression and explore therapeutic agents and functional foods.     

一种席夫碱铋配合物的合成及其与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

在非水体系中,以邻香草醛缩甘氨酸席夫碱与8-羟基喹啉、无水氯化铋合成一种三元配合物,通过元素分析、热分析、光谱分析等表征手段,确定其化学组成为[Bi(C_(10)H_(10_NO_4)(C_9H_6NO)_2]。席夫碱以酚羟基中的氧和C=N双键中的氮与铋(Ⅲ)成键,8-羟基喹啉以氧、氮与铋(Ⅲ)双齿配位,形成五元螯环。采用荧光法研究配合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在不同温度下的相互作用,可知发生静态荧光猝灭,配合物与BSA以摩尔比1∶1结合形成复合物,结合常数为6.21×10~4L/mol,ΔH和ΔS均大于0,说明结合力主要为疏水作用;同步荧光扫描发现色氨酸残基的发射波长红移,表明复合物的形成导致BSA的构象发生了变化。     

Characterization of the Interaction between Eupatorin and Bovine Serum Albumin by Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Methods

This study investigated the interaction between eupatorin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption, fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, and molecular modeling at pH 7.4. Results of UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies illustrated that BSA fluorescence was quenched by eupatorin via a static quenching mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions played major roles in the interaction. Moreover, the efficiency of energy transfer, and the distance between BSA and acceptor eupatorin, were calculated. The effects of eupatorin on the BSA conformation were analyzed using UV-vis, CD, and synchronous fluorescence. Finally, the binding of eupatorin to BSA was modeled using the molecular docking method.