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81.
Magnetic and electric fields have been used to determine the splay (k11) and bend (k33) elastic constants in a series of polymer/monomer liquid crystal solutions using the well known Freedericksz transition technique. Measurements have been carried out as a function of concentration and temperature. The polymer used was a smectogenic polysiloxane side chain liquid crystal with both cyanobiphenyl and benzoate ester side groups. The monomeric solvent was the nematogen 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl. All of the solutions studied were nematogenic up to a concentration of 40% w/w. It has been shown that k11, k33 and all decrease with increasing polymer concentration and that at high enough concentrations tends to become independent of temperature. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of the performance of the most common liquid crystal display, i.e. the twisted nematic device. 相似文献
82.
Sei-Ichi Aiba Masato Izume Norihiko Minoura Yukihiko Fujiwara 《Polymer International》1985,17(1):38-40
Chitin membrane was prepared by casting a N,N-dimethyl acetamide, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and lithium chloride (DMA-NMP-LiCl)solution of chitin and coagulating with several media. The effect of the coagulants on membrane formation was studied. 2-Propanol was found to be more favourable than methanol, ethanol, acetone and mixtures of 2-propanol and water. The membrane obtained in 2-propanol was subjected to annealing. Annealing made the membrane dense and strong. The tensile strength of the membrane annealed at 145°C for 2hr was about twice that of an unannealed membrane. The solute permeability of the annealed membranes was lower than that of the original one. These phenomena could be clearly interpreted in terms of crystallinity. 相似文献
83.
84.
JUJUN JULIANTY† PANFILO BELO‡ ELVEDA SMITH‡ LUCY McPROUD‡ 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1994,29(3):315-320
Four levels of egg white powder (EWP), 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%, were added to fisfc cracker formulation consisting of tapioca starch, fish paste, and water. the mixture was extruded through a single screw extruder, and the extrudate was cut, dried, heated in a microwave, and the degrees of expansion, bulk density, colour and protein content were measured.
The addition of 1.5 and 3.0% EWP had no significant effect ( P < 0.01) on diametral and longitudinal expansion, however, 4.5% EWP significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced them. Bulk density and protein content of the final product increased as the percentage of EWP increased in the formulation. the total colour difference measurement showed a significant increase ( P < 0.01) in brown colouration at 4.5% EWP. 相似文献
The addition of 1.5 and 3.0% EWP had no significant effect ( P < 0.01) on diametral and longitudinal expansion, however, 4.5% EWP significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced them. Bulk density and protein content of the final product increased as the percentage of EWP increased in the formulation. the total colour difference measurement showed a significant increase ( P < 0.01) in brown colouration at 4.5% EWP. 相似文献
85.
利用液晶光阀实现的光学形态变换 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了基于液晶光阀的光学二值图像领域处理器,利用它完成了扩、蚀和边缘检测等形态变换操作,并给出了实验结果。 相似文献
86.
天然气制液态烃新工艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
丰富的天然气资源,特别是边远地区分散的中小天然气田和油气共生的油气田的天然气,由于产量达不到管线长输的规模效益,又远离消费市场,很难开发利用.为此,作者在天然气两段催化氧化制合成气和费-托合成研究的基础上,提出了一种流程较短、投资和操作费用较低的天然气合成液态烃新工艺,可将丰富的天然气资源,特别适合将边远地区分散的中小天然气田的天然气转化为无硫、无氮、无芳烃、无重金属污染和便于输运的优质石蜡基液态产品.该产品可经轻度加氢改质得到高品质的柴油掺合组分、润滑油基础油高等附加值产品.该工艺副产的燃料气可用于发电,或作为燃料气使用. 相似文献
87.
88.
The electroclinic effect in the smectic A phase of ferroelectric liquid crystals is a sensitive probe for measuring the soft
mode response near the A-C* transition point. It is possible to evaluate several coefficients of the Landau theory describing
the A-C* transition by simultaneously measuring the frequency dependence of both the optical signal and the current through
the sample. We have made such measurements on a couple of homologous series [2S,3S]-4′-(2-chloro-3-methyl pentanoyloxy) phenyl-trans-4″-n alkoxy cinnamates synthesized in our labortory. The results show that the Landau meanfield theory is adequate to describe
the A-C* phase transition in these compounds.
Presented at the 15th International Liquid Crystal Conference, Budapest, 3–8 July 1994. 相似文献
89.
间苯二酚溶剂萃取液液相平衡研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
测定了“醋酸正丁酯-间苯二酚(溶质)-盐水(含0.2质量分率NaCl)”三元系在24℃、101.33kPa下的液液相平衡数据并给出了三角相图,用Hand公式对相平衡数据进行了关联,获得了可供工业连续萃取过程设计使用的关联式。本研究将醋酸正丁酯和正丁醇作为溶剂萃取间苯二酚进行了对比,并指出:醋酸正丁酯优于正丁醇。 相似文献
90.
A new unsymmetrical chiral thioindigo dopant 6‐[(R,R)‐2,3‐difluorooct‐1‐yloxy]‐5′‐nitro‐6′‐[(R)‐2‐octyloxy]thioindigo ( 4 ) designed to photoinvert the sign of spontaneous polarization (PS) in a ferroelectric chiral smectic C (SmC*) liquid crystal was prepared using a synthetic approach previously developed in our laboratory. In this new “ambidextrous” design, the (R)‐2‐octyloxy side‐chain is sterically coupled to the thioindigo core and induces a positive PS, whereas the (R,R)‐2,3‐difluorooctyloxy side‐chain is decoupled from the core and induces a larger negative PS. In the trans form, this dopant induces a negative polarization in the SmC host (+)‐4‐(4‐methylhexyloxy)phenyl 4‐decyloxybenzoate ( PhB ). Irradiation of a 1 mol‐% mixture of 4 in PhB at λ = 510 nm caused a sign inversion of PS, from –0.88 to +0.42 nC cm–2 at T – TC = –5 °C, which is consistent with an increase in the polarization power of the coupled 2‐octyloxy/thioindigo unit over that of the 2,3‐difluorooctyloxy unit, due to the increase in transverse dipole moment of the thioindigo core upon trans–cis photoisomerization. The PS sign inversion was confirmed by a surface‐stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal photoswitching experiment. Spectroscopic measurements on films of the doped liquid crystal mixtures showed that trans–cis photoisomerization is gradually suppressed with increasing dopant mole fraction, possibly as a result of increased dopant aggregation. 相似文献