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CO2短路过渡焊在制造业上的应用非常广泛,对系统动特性有较高要求。该文结合电路理论和焊接短路过程的特点对过程动特性及其与外特性进行了细致的分析,突破了以往在外特性控制和动特性控制之间的关系上互不清楚、互不相关、相互分离的传统观念,认识到在CO2焊短路过渡过程中,动特性和外特性密切相关,既不能用外特性来解释动态过程;也不能认为动特性与外特性无关,动特性会受到外特性的制约,它们之间的关系可以用明确的数学语言进行分析,提出了动特性的最大响应能力及可控性的思想,分析结果有很大的理论意义。 相似文献
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55.
Au-based catalysts, known for ambient temperature CO oxidation, have to provide stable performance of up to 5000 h in order to be commercially applicable in automotive fuel cells. In this report, the on-line deactivation characteristics of Au/TiO2 in unconventional PROX conditions are discussed. As opposed to CO removal from air, results in this report suggests that carbonates have a minor effect on deactivation of Au/TiO2 in dry H2-rich conditions. Also, no conclusive correlation between surface hydration and deactivation was observed. Rather, deactivation appeared to have occurred as a result of an intrinsic transformation in the oxidation state of the active species in the reducing operating conditions; a process which was reversible in an oxidizing atmosphere. 相似文献
56.
大化肥煤代油CO耐硫变换工艺流程的设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析石脑油制氨装置改扩建为水煤浆制氨装置CO耐硫变换工艺的特点,具体阐述其工艺流程优化设计中需考虑的主要技术问题。 相似文献
57.
Ceria-supported Au catalyst has been synthesized by the solution combustion method for the first time and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Au is dispersed as Au0 as well as Au3+ states on CeO2 surface of 20-30 nm crystallites. On heating the as-prepared 1% Au/CeO2 in air, the concentration of Au3+ ions on CeO2 increases at the expense of Au0. Catalytic activities for CO and hydrocarbon oxidation and NO reduction over the as-prepared and the heat-treated 1% Au/CeO2 have been carried out using a temperature-programmed reaction technique in a packed bed tubular reactor. The results are compared with nano-sized Au metal particles dispersed on -Al2O2 substrate prepared by the same method. All the reactions over heat-treated Au/CeO2 occur at lower temperature in comparison with the as-prepared Au/CeO2 and Au/Al2O2. The rate of NO + CO reaction over as-prepared and heat-treated 1% Au/CeO2 are 28.3 and 54.0 mol g-1 s-1 at 250 and 300 °C respectively. Activation energy (E
a) values are 106 and 90 kJ mol-1 for CO + O2 reaction respectively over as-prepared and heat-treated 1% Au/CeO2 respectively. 相似文献
58.
The kinetics of the methanation of carbon dioxide was investigated using an alumina supported Ni-La2O2 catalyst in a differential and integral reactor. In the differential reactor the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 was varied from 0.6 to 30. In the integral reactor the rates were measured with up to 90% conversion. Both reactor tests were carried out at temperatures between 513 and 593 K. The experimental results were described by a Langmuir-Hinshelwood type equation. The kinetics can be explained by assuming equilibrium of dissociative carbon dioxide and hydrogen adsorption, and assuming hydrogenation of surface carbon as the rate determining step. 相似文献
59.
Spectroscopic evidence for the interaction of hydroxyl groups and chromium ions was obtained using a catalyst prepared from chromyl chloride. A new OH peak, observed at 3705 cm–1 after pumping away CO gas, is attributed to the direct interaction of OH with the low-valent chromium. This peak shifts to 3590 cm–1 on contact with O2 at room temperature and it is assigned to a hydroxyl interacting with the oxidized chromium. New assignments are also proposed for IR bands of CO presorbed on the catalyst. The peak due to CO at 2188 cm–1 decreases as the OH intensity at 3705 cm–1 increases, suggesting that the former peak arises from adsorption on Cr(II) species to which two oxygen atoms are attached. 相似文献
60.
Isothermal storage of NO2 and subsequent reduction with different reducing agents (H2, CO or H2 + CO) in a lean NO
x
trap catalyst was tested by Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) and Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) experiments
at temperatures representative of automotive “cold-start” conditions (<200 °C) using a commercial NO
x
trap catalyst.
Results from the TPR experiments revealed that no reduction of stored NO2 to N2 was observed at 100–180 °C, and at 200 °C 10% reduction only of NO2 to N2 was measured.
A special affinity of H2 to form NH3 was observed during the reduction of stored NO2. The formation of NH3 increases with increasing amount of stored NO2 and decreases with increasing storage temperature. Direct relation exists between the amount of adsorbed and/or stored NO2 and the formation of H2O and NH3. 相似文献