Economic Indicators

Currency exchanges rates – updated monthly. Economic indicators of industrial production. Countries included: France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Japan (Total G-7), Eurozone and Total EU-28 (Total OECD). Updated monthly. Economic indicators of car registration in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Japan, Republic of Korea and Other OECD (Total OECD-30). Updated monthly. Monthly averages of crude steel production in thousand metric tons for the United States, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Russia, Ukraine, South Africa, Iran, China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, Taiwan and Australia.     

汽车振动噪声测试的阶次跟踪方法

汽车振动和噪声是影响舒适性的主要因素，如何采用有效的技术手段测量分析汽车的振动、噪声，日益受到人们重视。本文应用PULSE多分析系统中的阶次跟踪分析方法，测试分析了车内司机座位处振动、噪声随发动机转速变化的关系，结果发现，对于试验车在测试工况下1．5倍发动机转速时，车内振动和噪声都有一个峰值。文中通过阶次分析，对发动机运转稳定性进行了测试。为降低车内噪声和振动响应提供了分析依据和参考。     

轿车铝合金油泵壳体液态挤压工艺

采用液态挤压代替压力铸造及热模锻生产轿车铝合金油泵壳体,不仅克服了压铸件内部容易形成气孔和氧化夹杂的缺陷,而且减少了热模锻的投资及提高了材料利用率。本文介绍了铝合金油泵壳体液态挤压的模具结构及设计参数、技术经济分析。     

基于Adams／Car的汽车平顺性仿真研究

依据多体动力学理论,利用Adams的专业模块Adams／Car建立某型号汽车的整车样机模型,探索进行汽车仿真的途径,进行了直线加减速仿真,将仿真结果与试验结果进行了对比,并做了相应的分析．     

Crashworthiness design for functionally graded foam-filled bumper beam

Automotive bumper beam is an important component to protect passenger and vehicle from injury and damage induced by severe collapse. Recent studies showed that foam-filled structures have significant advantages in light weight and high energy absorption. In this paper, a novel bumper beam filled with functionally graded foam (FGF) is considered here to explore its crashworthiness. To validate the FGF bumper beam model, the experiments at both component and full vehicle levels are conducted. Parametric study shows that gradient exponential parameter m that controls the variation of foam density has significant effect on bumper beam’s crashworthiness; and the crashworthiness of FGF-filled bumper beam is found much better than that of uniform foam (UF) filled and hollow bumper beam. The multiobjective optimization of FGF-filled bumper beam is also performed by considering specific energy absorption (SEA) and peak impact force as the design objectives, and the wall thickness t, foam densities ρ_f1 and ρ_f2 (foam densities at the end and at mid cross section, respectively) and gradient exponential parameter m as design variables. The Kriging surrogate modeling technique and multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm were implemented to optimize the FGF-filled bumper beam. The optimized FGF-filled bumper beam is of great advantages and it can avoid the harmful local bending behavior and absorb more energy than UF filled and hollow bumper beam. Finally, the optimized FGF-filled bumper beam is installed to a passenger car model, and the results demonstrate that the FGF-filled bumper beam ensures the crashworthiness performance of the passenger car while reduces weight about 14.4% compared with baseline bumper beam.     

Style synthesis and analysis of car designs for style quantification based on product appearance similarities

Understanding how similar design appears is a key element to understanding companies’ design strategies. However, it is difficult to evaluate companies’ design strategies with conventional style measurement methods since they only taxonomically measure whether a specific characteristic is included in a specific style. This study numerically measured car design similarities to synthesize and analyze car brand styles, thereupon discovering the design trends among car brands for strategic design positioning. This paper aims to find methods for quantifying style differences and identifying unique design elements of car designs among 23 automobile manufacturers based on design similarities of a large quantity of car designs (N = 119). To achieve this goal, a hybrid style quantification methodology – a mixture of Fourier decomposition, eye tracker, and shape grammar – was created to evaluate similarities, visual significance, and combinations of 19 car design elements. Fourier decomposition was incorporated to find the quantifiable values of design similarities of car design elements. Visual significance analysis was also conducted for each car design element through eye tracker to measure the importance of certain design elements for weighting factors. Then, each combination of design elements was compared with car design elements of other cars for similarity calculations. Finally, car design alternatives were synthesized, and transitions of design positioning were analyzed based on the similarity values weighed by the visual significance results. Using the suggested methods, alternate designs can be synthesized while preserving brands’ design styles, and design trends can be analyzed for strategic evaluation.     

基于MatLab实现的图像边缘检测

图像的边缘提取是灰度不连续的结果,是利用物体和背景在某种图像特性上的差异来实现的,利用Roberts算子、Sobel算子、拉普拉斯高斯算子和Canny算子对智能车赛道图像进行边缘检测,使用MatLab软件实现最后效果的比较,以解决实际问题。     

Using space windowing for a preliminary analysis of complex time data in human component system studies. Examples with eye-tracking in advertising and car/head movements in driving

Empirical studies of human systems often involve recording multidimensional signals because the system components may require physical measurements (e.g., temperature, pressure, body movements and/or movements in the environment) and physiological measurements (e.g., electromyography or electrocardiography). Analysis of such data becomes complex if both the multifactor aspect and the multivariate aspect are retained. Three examples are used to illustrate the role of fuzzy space windowing and the large number of data analysis paths. The first example is a classic simulated data set found in the literature, which we use to compare several data analysis paths generated with principal component analysis and multiple correspondence analysis with crisp and fuzzy windowing. The second example involves eye-tracking data based on advertising, with a focus on the case of one category variable, but with the possibility of several space windowing models and time entities. The third example concerns car and head movement data from a driving vigilance study, with a focus on the case involving several quantitative variables. The notions of analysis path multiplicity and information are discussed both from a general perspective and in terms of our two real examples.     

基于西门子PLC的ACCU轧机基础自动化系统设计与开发

该文介绍攀成钢180ACCU轧管机的基础自动化系统设计与开发,该系统采用基于西门子S7—400PLC的解决方案。文中描述了该轧管机组的工艺流程和控制系统的功能需求,并从系统选型、系统结构及软硬件配置、应用软件开发和功能特点等方面进行了详细阐述。该方案对同类型轧管机控制系统的设计与开发具有较高的参考价值。     

基于SIEMENS STEP7的卸料小车自动对位控制方案

可移动卸料小车主要用于散状物料处理、矿山、堆场、冶金工厂以及港口设备中,它将物料卸在不同的料棚或仓位之中。本文以唐山中厚板厂烧结配料仓卸料小车为例,介绍了卸料小车的工艺要求、自动对位控制系统方案并给出了主要控制软件。