烟煤与造纸污泥混配物的热解特性研究

采用TGA/DSCI/1600HT型同步热分析仪,在氮气气氛下对烟煤、造纸污泥及两者混配物的热解特性进行了研究.结果表明:造纸污泥与烟煤混配物的挥发分综合释放特性指数(即D值)高于烟煤;造纸污泥的加入使混配物的热解反应比单一烟煤更加容易进行,且其挥发分析出特性也明显优于混配前的单一烟煤.     

Iridium (III) complexes with 5,5-dimethyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enone ligands as sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells

The three iridium complexes based on 5,5-dimethyl-3-(pyridine-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enone ligand and pyridine-2,4-dicarboxyl acid (5b) or 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxyl acid (5c) as ancillary anchoring ligands were synthesized and characterized as potential photosensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Using of cyclohexenone derivates as ligands extended the absorption response of the iridium complex to low energy band near 550 nm and shifted the maximum emission peak to deep red (near the 680 nm). The theoretical molecular orbital calculations shows that the HOMO orbitals of all the complexes are contributed by the combination of orbitals on Ir atom (about 50%) and π orbitals located on 5,5-dimethyl-3-(pyridine-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enone. While auxiliary ligands with anchoring group exclusively contribute to electron density of the LUMO orbital, accounting for 96.33% in 5b and 95.51% in 5c. It is beneficial for electron injection in DSSC application. Applying them to DSSC, the IPCE response of the DSSCs covered a wide visible spectral range from 350 to 675 nm and the cells presented an open-circuit voltage of 645 mV, a power conversion efficiency of 1.03%.     

Preparation and use of hybrid organic–inorganic catalysts

Various approaches towards the immobilization of molecular homogeneous catalysts are introduced, focusing on catalysts where an organic molecule is attached to the surface of an inorganic support material via a covalent bond forming the so-called hybrid organic–inorganic catalysts. The application of this new class of catalysts in a wide variety of organic reactions is reviewed.     

The Influence of Alkyl Chain Length and Steric Effect on Extraction of Zinc(II) Complexes with 1‐Alkyl‐2‐Methylimidazoles

Abstract

The extraction of Zn(II) complexes with six 1‐alkyl‐2‐methylimidazoles (alkyl is from C₅H₁₁ up to C₁₂H₂₅) from nitric solution was studied as a function of pH of the aqueous phase. As the organic solvents toluene, p‐xylene and 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalene were used. The stability constants of the complexes in the aqueous phase as well as partition constants of the extractable species were determined. It was demonstrated that both the stability constants (β_c) and the partition constants (P_c) of the complexes increased with increasing alkyl chain length. Pseudo‐tetrahedral complexes were found to dominate at the second and third complexation steps, thus increasing the stability constants and facilitating extraction of the Zn(II) complexes with 1‐alkyl‐2‐methylimidazoles.     

EXTRACTION OF METAL-OXALATE COMPLEXES BY DICATIONIC ANION-EXCHANGE EXTRACTANTS

The extraction of oxalate complexes of divalent metal ions (Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺ ) by dicationic anion-exchange extractants, polymethylenebis(trioctylphosphonium)s (abbreviated as C_nBP), was studied. The shorter the length of methylene-chain connecting two cationic centers within an extractant molecule, the higher was the extractant capability, i. e., the extraction ability of extractants decreased in the order: C₂- > C₃- > C₄- > C₅- > C₆- > C₈- > C₁₀- > C₁₂BP. The entirely inverse order was obtained in the extraction of metal-halide complexes (M^IICl₄ ²-) and metal-cyanide complexes (M II(CN) ₄ ²-). The extraction abilities of monocationic extractants were inferior to even that of the least efficient one among the dicationic extractants. The extraction equilibrium was also studied.     

N-马来酰化壳聚糖及其配合物的合成与表征

碱性条件下将壳聚糖脱晶,利用红外光谱（FT-IR）对其结构进行了确证,并以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇为介质,将脱晶壳聚糖与马来酸酐在室温条件下摩尔比按1∶1进行酰化反应18 h,合成了取代度DS=63%的N-马来酰化壳聚糖。由FT-IR测试的结果表明了马来酸酐成功接到壳聚糖分子的氨基上。将制备的N-马来酰化壳聚糖在室温下分别与氯化锌、氯化铜反应6 h,制得N-马来酰化壳聚糖与二价锌离子和二价铜离子的配合物。采用FT-IR及电子顺磁共振光谱（EPR）对配合物的结构进行表征。结果表明,N-马来酰化壳聚糖在温和条件下能与Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)形成配位化合物,N-马来酰化壳聚糖中的氨基与羧基共同参与配位。     

杨木MWL和LCC制备多孔生物载体及其在人体肝细胞培养中的应用

为了比较磨木木质素（MWL）与木质素-碳水化合物复合体（LCC）与人体肝细胞的生物相容性,从杨木中提取MWL和LCC,制备水凝胶,冷冻干燥形成多孔生物载体。利用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对多孔生物载体的成分及表面形态进行了分析,采用多孔生物载体对人肝细胞进行体外培养,并对肝细胞形态及代谢活性进行检测。结果表明：LCC基载体中木质素含量较低而碳水化合物含量较高,因此其两亲性较MWL基载体好。以MWL和LCC制备的多孔生物载体,孔隙率达到60%左右,平均孔径约为30 μm。细胞形态、白蛋白分泌和葡萄糖代谢的分析结果显示,相比MWL基载体,LCC基多孔生物载体能更好地促进肝细胞长期生长,具有更好的生物相容性。     

氨-碳酸盐法分离PTA废渣中的钴和锰

精对苯二甲酸（PTA）生产中的废钴锰催化剂中钴低锰高,常用的钴锰分离方法一般不适用,分离钴锰时非常容易互相夹带,导致分离不完全。本文采用氨-碳酸盐法分离PTA废渣浸出液中的钴和锰。在正交试验的基础上,以钴剩余率和锰沉淀率作为考核指标,考察了碳酸盐的种类、反应时间、反应温度、搅拌速度、氨的用量和碳酸盐的用量等因素对钴、锰分离效果的影响。实验结果表明,在氨-碳酸钠、氨-碳酸铵、氨-碳酸氢铵3种溶液中,最佳搅拌速度、反应时间、反应温度分别为200r/min、8h和20℃,氨的最佳用量分别为理论化学反应计量的1.9倍、1.4倍和1.7倍,碳酸盐的用量分别为理论化学反应计量的1.0倍、1.3倍和1.3倍。在最佳反应条件下,氨-碳酸钠、氨-碳酸铵、氨-碳酸氢铵3种溶液中,钴的最大剩余率分别可达到96.0%、99.8%和99.5%,锰沉淀率均可达到100%。