含炭浇注料的现状与发展

综述了国内外含炭浇注料的现状和发展,讨论了在研究开发含炭浇注料中的技术难点     

不定形耐火材料用结合剂的发展

分析了各种结合剂的使用情况,认为高稠度陶瓷结合剂悬浮液是不定形耐火材料比较理想的结合剂。它不仅有许多优良性能,而且对于节约资源和能源,保护环境,提高经济效益都是有益的。     

Al2O3-MA-SiC-C质浇注料的抗渣性能

以电熔白刚玉、镁铝尖晶石、SiC细粉、活性α-Al2O3微粉、球状沥青、Si粉、ρ-Al2O3、氧化硅微粉和铝酸钙水泥为原料制备了Al2O3-MA-SiC-C质浇注料。振动浇注成型后采用静态坩埚法测定了浇注料抗渣侵蚀性,利用X射线衍射、电子探针仪和能谱等手段分析了1500℃埋炭处理3h后试样的物相、显微结构和微区成分,以研究结合剂种类(ρ-Al2O3 氧化硅微粉和铝酸钙水泥 氧化硅微粉)、尖晶石和SiC的加入量对浇注料抗渣性能的影响。结果表明:采用ρ-Al2O3 氧化硅微粉结合的浇注料的抗渣性能明显高于采用铝酸钙水泥 氧化硅微粉结合的,这主要与其在高温下形成的物相有关;随着镁铝尖晶石加入量的增多,浇注料的抗渣性能总体上呈升高趋势;随着SiC加入量的增多,浇注料的抗渣性能显著提高,当SiC加入量(质量分数,下同)为25%时,浇注料的抗渣性能最好;加入过多的镁铝尖晶石和SiC对浇注料的抗渣性能不利,这主要同高温下材料中MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系低熔物的形成有关。     

Preparation and Performances of Castable HTPB/CL‐20 Booster Explosives

HTPB/CL‐20 castable booster explosives were prepared successfully by a cast‐cured process. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the charge density test were employed to characterize the molding effect of HTPB/CL‐20 explosives. The propagation reliability, detonation velocity, mechanical sensitivity, thermal decomposition characteristics and thermal stability of the HTPB/CL‐20 explosives were also measured and analyzed. The results show that, when CL‐20 content is less than 91 wt.‐%, the charges with better molding effect were obtained easily. The critical diameter of HTPB/CL‐20 explosives is less than 1 mm, which exhibits good propagation reliability. When the density of HTPB/CL‐20 charge with 91 wt.‐% CL‐20 is 1.73 g cm⁻³, its detonation velocity can reach 8273 m s⁻¹. Moreover, this kind of explosives has low mechanical sensitivity and good thermal stability.     

Maximum working temperature of refractory castables: do we really know how to evaluate it?

Refractoriness under load (RUL) tests are usually indicated to evaluate the maximum working temperature that refractory materials can withstand by measuring their linear dimensional change when subjected to compressive stress. Nevertheless, ASTM C832 and ISO 1893 standards do not point out which sort of samples (pre-fired or not) should be used during the measurements of this property. Thus, this study addresses the evaluation of different refractory castable systems, focusing on analyzing calcined (fired up to 600 °C for 5 h for the decomposition of the hydrated phases) or pre-fired (1550 °C for 5 h) samples in order to identify the effect of the material's thermal treatment on the RUL results. Additional properties (i.e. linear expansion change, apparent porosity and cold flexural strength after firing at different temperatures) of the designed compositions were also evaluated. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the maximum working temperature of monolithics should not be assessed via one single test (i.e. RUL), but only a set of techniques (RUL, dilatometry, assisted sintering, creep and others) can provide useful data to better understand the refractories performance. RUL measurements should be carried out after a preliminary sintering step of the castables (where the selected firing temperature might be as close as possible to the expected T_0.5) to enable most of the microstructural changes resulting from heating up and sintering could already have taken place. Furthermore, it is most likely that numerical solutions (modeling) could help to better understand and interpret the multivariable aspects of this complex issue. However, reliable and accurate values of the refractory properties (based on well-selected tests) must be fed to the software to permit calculations that yield meaningful and accurate results, and conclusions.     

A55C高铝质浇注料新一代产品开发

主要研究了超细粉，水泥等因素对浇注料性能的影响，设计出合理的浇注料基质组成，制得新一代Ａ５５Ｃ高铝浇注料。     

轧钢加热炉浇注料复合炉衬

较系统全面地总结了轧钢加热炉复合炉衬的由来和现状。重点对耐火浇注料复合炉衬的结构，即材质，厚度和锚固砖的形状及尺寸进行了探讨。     

低细粉总量无水泥浇注料的研究

对无水泥高技术浇注料，进行了降低细粉总量的研究。结果表明：对于矾土质和刚玉质无水泥浇注料，细粉总量降为19％和22％可以制得性能优良的浇注料     

高炉出铁沟用耐火材料的发展

通过对世界主要工业国高炉出铁沟用耐火材料材质、施工方法以及影响其使用寿命因素的分析，指出了今后发展出铁沟耐火材料的方向。     

石化工业用轻质耐火浇注料的研制与应用

采用轻质多孔熟料、漂珠、ＳｉＯ２微粉等为主要原料，进行了不同颗粒级配及复合结合剂的选择试验，以及漂珠、复合结合剂、ＳｉＯ２微粉的加入量对容重、强度、烧后线变化、高温性能及施工性能的影响试验。