RCLD工艺制备Cf/C、Cf/C-SiC复合材料的氧化性和力学性能

以碳毡为增强体，碳氢有机液体为前驱体，采用自行设计的快速化学液相沉积工艺（RCLD）制备了Cf/C、Cf/C-SiC复合材料；研究了不同密度的毡体和不同的沉积时间等因素对复合材料力学性能和氧化性的影响，根据材料结构特征分析了其影响机理．     

Investigations of the pore formation in the lead selenide films using glacial acetic acid- and nitric acid-based electrolyte

ABSTRACT: We report a novel synthesis of porous PbSe layers on Si substrates using anodic electrochemical treatment of PbSe/CaF2/Si(111) epitaxial structures in an electrolyte solution based on glacial acetic acid and nitric acid. Electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and local chemical microanalysis investigations results for the porous layers are presented. Average size of the synthesized mesopores with ~1010 cm-2 surface density was determined to be 22 nm. The observed phenomenon of the active selenium redeposition on the mesopore walls during anodic treatment is discussed.     

激光辅助高速微车削Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料切削力影响因素试验研究

Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料作为一种新型耐高温材料,在航空航天领域具有广泛的应用前景,但难加工特性带来了新的挑战。采用激光辅助高速微车削机床在Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料上进行外圆切削加工,以主切削力Fz 为目标,优化Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的切削参数。分别采用单因素试验与多因素正交试验研究工件转速n、切削深度ap、进给速度vf与功率密度q对x、y和z 3个方向切削力的影响规律,通过方差分析法指出各加工参数对Fz影响的主次顺序及最优参数组合。试验结果表明:与常规高速微车削相比,激光辅助高速车削技术能够改善各个方向切削力大小,切削力最大降低81.436%;各试验因素对Fz的影响从大到小依次为q＞n＞ap＞vf;最优加工参数组合为：q=400 W/mm2,n=4 000 r/min,ap=20 μm,vf=20 mm/min时,Fz最佳为1.831 N。     

Effects of pyrolysis processes on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Cf/SiC composites using polycarbosilane

Three-dimensional braided carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites (3D-B C_f/SiC) were prepared through eight cycles of vacuum infiltration of polycarbosilane (PCS) and subsequent pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. The influences of heating rate and pyrolysis temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of C_f/SiC were discussed. It was found that the heating rate had great effect on the mechanical properties of C_f/SiC composites. With the increase of heating rate, the density of C_f/SiC composites increased and the interfacial bonding was weakened. As a result, the flexural strength of C_f/SiC was enhanced from 145 to 480 MPa when the heating rate was increased from 0.5 to 15 °C/min. The results showed that the flexural strength of the C_f/SiC composites fabricated at a heating rate of 15 °C/min could be increased from 480 to 557 MPa if the pyrolysis temperature of the sixth cycle was elevated from 1200 to 1600 °C, which was also attributed to the desirable interfacial structure and increased density. When tested at 1300 °C in vacuum, the C_f/SiC showed higher flexural strength (680 MPa) than that (557 MPa) at room temperature.     

颗粒分散技术在真空液相浸渗制备Cf/Al复合材料中的应用

采用真空反压液相浸渗工艺,以碳纤维增强铝为研究对象,探讨了M40J纤维增强AlMg10复合材料制备工艺中,SiC及淀粉分散颗粒对复合材料微观组织及性能的影响。结果表明,碳化硅可以减少铝液在束内的浸渗阻力,并使纤维分布均匀,从而提高复合材料构件的成型性和力学性能。经过5%SiC+3%淀粉溶液的分散后,复合材料的体积分数由72%降低到51%,而复合材料的拉伸强度提高了131MPa,达到498MPa。     

用薄膜~(252)Cf源测定ST451快中子探测器的相对效率

本文叙述了用飞行时间测量~(262)Cf瞬发裂变中子能谱来刻度ST 451探测器的快中子相对效率响应的方法。在飞行时间谱仪中,一个流气式的微型电离室作为裂变碎块的探测器。文中给出了对实验数据的处理和修正的过程。得到了阈值分别为0.420、0.625、0.825、1.168、1.565和1.882MeV中子能量从几百keV到10MeV范围内的相对探测效率。实验结果与用Monte Carlo方法计算的效率作了比较。     

Co-Si钎料连接SiBCN陶瓷接头组织及力学性能

采用Co-Si钎料连接SiBCN陶瓷,其热膨胀系数(CTE)与SiBCN陶瓷相近。钎焊接头焊缝区域由Si+CoSi2共晶结构组成,没有明显的反应层,但在钎料和陶瓷基材之间建立了化学结合。后续试验中进一步尝试添加活性元素Zr以改善钎料在SiBCN陶瓷上的润湿性,但是Zr-Si化合物的出现显著降低了接头强度。而提高钎焊温度是改善Co-Si钎料润湿性的最好方法。接头的抗剪强度接近于母材的强度,最高抗剪强度为26 MPa。     

Cf/SiC表面等离子喷涂金属过渡层及其界面结合特征

目的采用等离子喷涂工艺(APS)在C_f/SiC复合材料表面制备金属涂层。方法在对比等离子喷涂Mo粉、NiCrBSi粉以及自制的Ti70Ni20Cu10复合粉末三种涂层的组织形貌和界面结合的基础上,制备了Mo-10%Ti复合涂层,喷涂用粉为通过低速球磨方法在大颗粒的Mo粉表面包覆TiH_2粉末而得,喷涂时将基体预热至700℃,在氩气保护气氛下进行喷涂。结果 APS制备的Mo-10Ti涂层,组织致密均匀,孔隙率较低,无明显裂纹。涂层与基体结合紧密,没有发生剥离现象,结合强度超过6.3 MPa,断裂发生于基体侧。结论材料的热膨胀系数和润湿性是影响等离子喷涂金属涂层与C_f/SiC复合材料结合的关键因素,所设计的Mo-Ti复合涂层较好地兼顾了这两点。     

PIP工艺制备Cf／SiC复合材料微观结构研究

用N2等温吸附法研究了PIP工艺制备3D Cf／SiC复合材料内部微观结构。结果表明，复合材料内部为多孔结构，孔隙形状多样，平均孔径小于10nm，孔径分布集中，比表面积为3．41m^2／g。结合吸附理论，认为由B．E．T方程及F．H．H方程计算分形维数值分别反映了孔隙表面的粗糙形貌和孔隙分布复杂拓扑结构。与其它试验结果对比发现，受自身机理所限，等温吸附法仅能表征材料内纳米级中微孔，对100nm以上大孔难以测量，因而无法全面表征Cf／SiC复合材料孔隙特征。