水射流清洗技术应用现状及其前景

近年来,水射流清洗技术已在众多领域得到广泛应用,并取得了显著成效。分析了水射流清洗的原理、特点、设备现状和应用实例,并对其发展前景作了展望。     

金川镍闪速炉贫化区炉顶结构的改进

金川镍闪速炉在生产了５ 年多以后,首次停炉冷修。本文就此次冷修对贫化炉区炉顶结构改进做一总结。     

液压系统污染分析及清洗

本文针对冶金企业液压系统在施工及大修理过程中造成的系统潜在污染进行分析,提出了冲洗法及值得注意的几个问题。     

石材表面黑垢的形成与清洗研究

本文以杭州白塔为研究对象,探讨了石材的腐蚀和表面黑垢生成的机理,较系统地叙述了黑垢清除的方法,并且研制出一种有效的碳酸盐石材表面黑垢清洗剂。     

机场助航灯具智能清洗系统设计

针对助航灯具人工清洗作业时间长、人力物力成本高的问题,设计一种机场助航灯智能清洗系统。根据助航灯具的材质、结构特点,采用电磁传感器感知灯具。对清洗车体进行了设计,设计了角度可调整的清洗探头,在清洗车体上加载清洗探头、灯具感知器、烘干等设备。以单片机为控制器,实现助航灯的自动检测、清洗和烘干作业。实验结果表明:机场助航灯具智能清洗系统提高了清洗效率,降低清洁人员的劳动强度。     

室内清洁对室内空气品质的影响

根据目前常见的几种室内地面清洁方式,通过对不同材质地面进行不同清洁方式的测试,分析清洁方式与清洁时间对室内空气品质的影响,从而提出改善和保持良好的室内空气品质的清洁措施。     

Optimisation of Bacillus cereus biofilm removal in the dairy industry using an in vitro model of cleaning‐in‐place incorporating serine protease

This article addresses a major hygienic issue in the dairy industry, namely biofilm removal. Response surface methodology was deployed to optimise Bacillus cereus biofilm removal conditions using serine protease. The currently practiced alkali cleaning‐in‐place (CIP) method was also optimised, and while the optimised protease CIP resulted in complete removal of biofilm cells, the reference CIP (with alkali) resulted in a reduction of 4.08 log biofilm cells/cm² and the optimised alkali CIP resulted in a reduction of ～4.92 log biofilm cells/cm². Furthermore, the amount of the biofilm matrix removed in the optimised protease CIP was significantly higher than that of alkali CIP. It was concluded that the optimised protease CIP has better applicability.     

河北某铁矿选矿试验

针对河北某铁矿需要为其后续开发利用提供技术支持的问题,对其进行了选矿试验研究。经过磨矿-弱磁选工艺与磨矿-弱磁选-磁筛工艺的对比,确定采用磨矿-弱磁选-磁筛工艺可以获得更好的选矿指标。通过原矿磨矿-弱磁选-磁筛精选、磁筛中矿磨矿-弱磁选-磁筛扫选工艺,可以获得产率为77.08%、全铁品位为67.34%、全铁回收率为94.76%的铁精矿。采用磁筛工艺对该铁矿的精选提质起到了关键性的作用。     

半导体制造中清洗技术的新动向

多年来习惯采用多槽浸渍式RCA清洗的半导体清洗领域里,正在兴起的是从多槽浸渍式向单片式处理转移。并出现了取代RCA法的新型清洗液与新的生产方法。正在开始对超临界流体清洗等下一代清洗技术的开发。概述这些半导体清洗技术的最新动向。     

Identification of cohesive and adhesive effects in the cleaning of food fouling deposits

Cleaning of process plants is costly and time consuming. It is important to understand the removal of fouling deposits. Deposits form by adhesion to the surface and cohesion between elements of the deposit. Cleaning can result from either or both adhesive and cohesive failure. Micromanipulation experiments have measured the adhesive/cohesive strength of deposits in terms of the work required to remove them from the surface. Different food deposits have been studied. Tomato paste, bread dough and egg albumin deposits have a lower adhesive than cohesive strength, whilst others (whey protein) have a lower cohesive than adhesive strength. A range of coated surfaces has been used to study the effect of surface energy on the force required for removal of tomato deposits. Minima are found, as predicted by theory. A simple material model has been developed and used to analyse the results in terms of the work required to remove the deposit per unit surface area and volume.

Industrial relevance

Cleaning is a ubiquitous and poorly understood operation in the food industry. Poor cleaning endangers product safety, lowers run length and generates excess effluent. Better understanding of the processes of cleaning is beneficial both in ensuring food safety and in increasing the manufacturing efficiency of process plant.