沉积物孔隙水的拉曼光谱探测及荧光时间演化特性

为了研究孔隙水取样后的荧光时间演化特性,对柱状沉积物榨取得到的孔隙水样品进行了光谱采集。拉曼光谱分析表明,沉积物中的SO42-浓度随深度变大而逐渐减小,这说明沉积物孔隙水中的SO42-参与了沉积物中硫酸盐还原而被消耗;同一深度的孔隙水样品随着暴露时间的不同,采集到的拉曼光谱的荧光背景也有所差别。荧光光谱分析表明,随着孔隙水暴露时间的延长,在300~350 nm处的荧光峰的强度逐渐变大,并对荧光的形成机制进行了初步分析。     

关于生物系统超微弱发光的实验研究

生物系统存在超微弱光子辐射现象。通过一系列实验研究,我们认为,这种光子辐射既有低水平化学发光的性质,又有受激辐射的性质,是受激的低水平化学发光。     

基于CORDIC算法的高速直接数字频率合成技术的ASIC实现

文章主要分析了如何利用基于矢量旋转的CORDIC(Coordination Rotation Digital Computer)算法实现高速高精度的直接数字频率合成技术(DDS)。首先推导了CORDIC算法产生正余弦信号的实现过程，然后给出了在FPGA中设计数控振荡器(NCO)的顶层电路结构，并根据算法特点在设计中引入流水线结构设计。     

SG-DBR激光器波长控制系统的设计与实现

根据宽可调谐SG-DBR激光器的波长调谐特性,研制了一套波长控制系统。系统通过生成并调用“波长-电流”数据查询表,实现对SG-DBR激光器输出波长的调谐控制。系统设计引入了虚拟仪器和单片机技术,达到了降低设备成本、小型化系统的目的。实验证明系统波长控制精度高,波长控制误差不超过±0.02nm。     

Microtentacle Actuators Based on Shape Memory Alloy Smart Soft Composite

Recent advances in miniature robotics have brought promising improvements in performance by leveraging the latest developments in soft materials, new fabrication schemes, and continuum actuation. Such devices can be used for applications that need delicate manipulation such as microsurgery or investigation of small‐scale biological samples. The shape memory effect of certain alloys is one of the promising actuation mechanisms at small scales because of its high work density and simple actuation mechanism. However, for sub‐millimeter devices, it is difficult to achieve complex and large displacement with shape memory alloy actuators because of the limitation in the fabrication process. Herein, a fabrication scheme for miniaturized smart soft composite actuator is proposed by utilizing two‐photon polymerization. The morphing modes are varied by changing the direction of the scaffold lamination. In addition, the actuation is controlled via local resistive heating of a carbon nanotube layer deposited inside of the actuators. The proposed design can generate a 390 µN force and achieve a bending angle up to 80°. Applications of the actuators are demonstrated by grasping small and delicate objects with single and two finger devices.     

电阻抗成像系统中电压控制电流源的设计

在医用电阻抗层析成像（Electrical Impedance Tomography）系统中电压控制电流源的性能十分重要,大部分报道的电压控电流源电路在低频时有较高的输出阻抗但是在高频时性能大幅减弱。通过分析生物阻抗测量系统对电压控制电流源的需求,同时回顾一些已有的电压控制电流源电路,包括双运放负反馈电路、跨导运算放大器、AD844,设计了一种基于AD8610的电压控制电流源。并通过电路实验验证了此电压控制电流源的性能,同时提出了改进方案。该电压电流源不仅频率和幅值可控、精度高,而且有较高的输出阻抗。     

Precisely Controlled Microsphere Design via Visible‐Light Cross‐Linking of Functional Prepolymers

A new strategy for particle synthesis is enabled by utilizing modern synthetic, polymer, and photochemical techniques to facilitate the synthesis of highly narrow–disperse multifunctional microspheres from visible‐light induced crosslinking of prepolymers in both a single and dual polymer system. The approach requires no stabilizers, bases, or initiators, and proceeds at ambient temperature to yield microspheres with a tunable size range (0.25–5 µm) in less than 4 h, depending largely on solvent composition, but also polymer concentration (2–10 mg mL^?1), ratio, and irradiation intensity (3–20 W). Critically, the visible‐light induced dimerization reaction exploited herein enables simple functional particle syntheses via a single polymer system. Underpinned by an in‐depth kinetic analysis of the particle formation as well as a detailed small molecule study, the mechanism for particle formation is also elucidated. Importantly, inherent advantages of the system are exploited for surface functionalization of residual acrylate and hydroxyl groups (generating inherently fluorescent particles).     

沉淀聚合包覆硝酸铵的吸湿性研究

在环己烷介质中采用丙烯腈单体沉淀聚合反应对硝酸铵进行了包覆,测试了包覆前后硝酸铵的吸湿性、结块性,利用扫描电子显微镜观察了包覆效果,利用接触角测试仪测量了AN在不同测试液中的接触角,分析了改性后硝酸铵吸湿性降低的原因和机理。     

呋咱及其自由基结构和性质的理论研究

采用DMol3程序对呋咱及其双自由基、单自由基的结构和性质(优化几何、振动分析、热力学、反应活性及稳定性)进行了理论研究。结果表明:呋咱环的共轭性较弱,其强弱及分子的热稳定性次序为呋咱>单自由基>双自由基,且N—O键可能是环稳定的"薄弱环节"。呋咱环能够从与之相连的氢原子上转移电子,环获得一定量的电子后,稳定度增加。双自由基对亲核、亲电及自由基反应均有一定的活性,单自由基次之,而呋咱最稳定;所有分子上的N原子可能对反应有一定活性。     

一种适用于数控锁相环的动态带宽调整算法

为了加快数控锁相环的锁定速度,该文提出了一种适用于数控锁相环的动态带宽调整算法以加快锁定速度。仅当鉴相器鉴出的3次相位差均小于一定边界条件时,该算法才减少数控锁相环的带宽,并当鉴出的相位差超出一定边界条件时,该算法将立即增加带宽。为验证所提出的动态带宽调整算法,该文在MATLAB环境中建立了数控锁相环行为级模型。仿真结果表明,在相同参数情况下,采用该文提出的动态带宽调整算法可使锁定时间缩短至采用传统动态带宽调整技术锁定时间的28.6%~85.7%。最后,该文采用CSM 0.18 m 1P6M CMOS工艺实现数控锁相环并进行实测。实测结果表明,采用该文提出的动态带宽调整算法可快速消除相位差,并使得锁相环始终维持在相位锁定状态。该文提出的动态带宽调整算法,可以有效避免基于相位差调整锁相环频率的局限性,降低错误调整带宽的几率,继而加快锁定速度。