热处理对1Cr18Ni9Ti钢焊接接头性能的影响

试验研究了固溶＋稳定化处理、固溶处理和去应力退火处理对1Cr18Ni9Ti钢焊接接头力学性能的影响。结果表明：固溶＋稳定化处理试样的屈服强度、伸长率、抗拉强度均最高。扫描电镜观察结果表明：所有的断口均为韧窝型断裂。     

镁合金激光表面改性研究新进展

本文综述了镁合金激光表面改性的几种方法,介绍了国内外在此研究领域的最新进展,分析了镁合金激光表面改性技术目前存在的问题,并提出了今后发展的建议。     

压缩机叶轮用钢——X12Cr13锻件工艺研究

通过对X12Cr13钢中奥氏体与铁素体的相匹配关系的研究,确定出该钢种合理的化学成分和合理的加热及热处理制度,解决了该钢在轧制、锻造等压力加工过程中易产生裂纹的问题。     

薄板激光拼焊工艺研究

汽车薄板的激光拼焊可以减轻整车质量和制造成本,对提高汽车设计的灵活性具有重要意义.通过对汽车用冷扎薄钢板和镀锌板的激光拼焊的实验研究,表明虽然激光焊接接头的塑性有所下降,但其焊接强度与母材差不多,且焊接影响区小,对汽车覆盖件和地板等零件的焊接获得很好的效果.     

Cr对多弧离子镀TiN及其复合膜(Ti,Cr)N性能的影响

通过改变Cr靶电流强度,在国产AIP 01型多弧离子镀膜机上制备不同Cr含量的(Ti,Cr)N复合薄膜。研究Cr的添加对薄膜硬度、薄膜相结构及晶格常数等性能的影响,探讨薄膜的硬化机理。结果表明:Cr的加入可显著提高复合薄膜的硬度,显微硬度可高达HV2665;复合薄膜是以TiN为基的(Ti,Cr)N薄膜,薄膜中没有独立的CrN和Cr2N相,同时由于Cr的加入,薄膜的择优取向从(111)晶面逐渐过渡到(200)晶面,随Cr靶电流的增大,所得(Ti,Cr)N复合膜中出现单质Cr。     

Electrochemical properties of Mg-based alloys containing carbon nanotubes

In this work, effects of partial substitution of Mg, Ni with AB₂ in Mg-based alloy and subsequent surface modification by further ball-milling with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on electrochemical properties were investigated. Mg_1.9(AB₂)_0.1Ni_0.8 (AB₂=LaNi₂, LaNiCo and LaNiMn) alloys were prepared by solid-state diffusion method, the nanocrystalline Mg-based alloys were prepared by ball-milling the mixture of obtained Mg_1.9(AB₂)_0.1Ni_0.8 alloys and nickel powder. It was found that the electrochemical capacities of nanocrystalline Mg_1.9(AB₂)_0.1Ni_1.8 alloys were measured to be 460–490 mAh/g. The nanocrystalline Mg-based alloys containing carbon nanotubes (10 wt.%) obtained by ball-milling after 60 min were demonstrated to show improved electrochemical properties with respect to the original nanocrystalline Mg-based alloys. The electrochemical reaction activity was detected by electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) proved the interaction between Mg_1.9(AB₂)_0.1Ni_1.8 alloys and carbon nanotubes after ball-milling, which resulted in an increase in the surface Ni/Mg ratio.     

XPS investigations of electrochemically formed passive layers on Fe/Cr-alloys in 0.5 M H2SO4

Passive layers on Fe20Cr and Fe15Cr were prepared by anodic oxidation in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ and were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The preparation of the sputter-cleaned samples and their transfer to the ultrahigh vacuum was performed under protection of purified argon without any contact to the laboratory atmosphere. The prepassive layer consists of a homogeneous film with Cr(III)hydroxide and Cr(III)-sulphate with a low content of Fe(II). In the passive potential range a bilayer structure with enrichment of Cr(III)-oxides with an outer hydroxide and an inner oxide part is formed. Iron exists only in a bivalent oxidation state. In the transpassive potential range a pronounced change of the layer composition was observed: The outer part of the transpassive layer is formed predominantly by Fe(III) species whereas the inner part still contains a strong enrichment of Cr₂O₃.     

316L不锈钢激光快速成形过程中熔覆层的热裂机理

采用微观测试分析方法，针对316L不锈钢粉末，深入研究了激光快速成形过程中熔覆层的开裂行为及其形成机理，研究结果表明，316L不锈钢激光熔覆层裂纹多发生在树枝晶的晶界，呈现出典型的沿晶开裂特征，裂纹断面上有明显的氧化彩色，扫描电镜照片显示裂纹断面上树枝晶的方向与轮廓清晰可见，树枝晶晶界相当圆滑，表明裂纹是在高温下产生的，熔覆层中的裂纹是凝固裂纹，属于热裂纹范畴，裂纹产生的主要原因是熔覆层组织在凝固温度区间晶界处的残余液相受到熔覆层中的拉伸应力作用所导致的液膜分离的结果。     

激光淬火铁基烧结材料的摩擦与磨损

研究了两种不同成分铁基烧结材料经宽带激光表面处理后的显微组织和摩擦学特性。结果表明，铁基烧结材料的耐磨性显著提高。两种材料相比，在较低载荷下，组织为孪晶马氏体／位错马氏体混合材料具有较好的摩擦学特性。而在较高载荷下，组织为马氏体／下贝氏体复相的材料具有较好的摩擦学特性。     

激光表面熔覆制备ODS Ni基高温合金涂层的凝固组织

采用横流CO2激光，在Ni基高温合金表面制备了纳米Al2O3弥散强化(ODS)Ni基合金熔覆层。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及EDS附件分析了熔覆层的组织结构。结果表明：界面晶粒的生长方向为垂直于界面的“外延式”生长；加入纳米Al2O3，界面的生长形态发生变化，由细长的柱状树枝晶转变为较短的树枝晶；纳米Al2O3含量增大至1％时整个断面获得等轴枝晶组织；纳米Al2O3作为异质形核的核心，细化了组织。