Effect of replacing disc cutters with chisel tools on performance of a TBM in difficult ground conditions

A summary of a research program covering a period of two years on the performance of a TBM in a very complex and difficult geology is presented in this study. The formations in the study area varied from alluvium, sludge, mudstone, shale and limestone to quartzite with strengths from soft to very hard. The dykes frequently intruded the sedimentary rocks resulting in different degrees of weathering and fracturing in the country rock causing tremendous delays in progress rate of the TBM. The disc cutters started cutting inefficiently in clayey medium strength ground with extreme water income, at where also excessive disc consumptions started due to insufficient friction between the disc cutters and very soft (sludgy) formation, and it was decided to replace all disc cutters with chisel tools (ripper, scraper). Before making this important decision that could affect totally the excavation efficiency and production rate, some theoretical estimations were performed using the Evans’ cutting theory after some modifications based on the previous experimental studies for relieved cutting mode and wear flat, front ridge and vee-bottom angles found in complex shapes of chisel tools to estimate deterministically the torque and thrust requirements of the TBM.Field measurements of the torque and thrust requirements of the TBM equipped with the chisel tools validated the theoretical considerations and the deterministic model used for predicting the performance. Statistical analysis indicated that the model could be used reliably for performance prediction. This study also gave a unique opportunity to compare the performance of disc cutters and chisel tools used on the same TBM at variety of grounds and to analyze the effect of replacing disc cutters with chisel tools on the performance of the TBM. The field measurements indicated that the chisel tools were superior to the disc cutters in especially soft to medium strength rocks.     

An error control approach to tool path adjustment conforming to the deformation of thin-walled workpiece

Producing an accurate part mainly depends on the position and orientation of the cutting tool with respect to the workpiece which is mainly influenced by the rigid body motion of the workpiece and the elastic deformation of workpiece-fixture-cutter system. For the purpose of minimizing the machining error, a new modification strategy of the nominal tool path is not that directly compensate the control commands of the machine tools, but that modify the cutter location source file (CLSF) from the computer aided manufacturing (CAM) system by means of the proposed modification model on the basis of the prediction deviation, namely, the deviation of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece in computer numerical control (CNC) machining operation. Therefore, it is not only simpler, but also easier implemented by common manufacturing engineer. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by a machining example.     

一种解决遥控误动的有效措施

对调度自动化系统遥控误动问题产生的原因进行了深入的分析,通过提高遥控回路工作电压及串联大电阻来限流,提高了遥控时遥控支路的工作电压,从而大大减小了非遥控支路的干扰电压,即加强了有用信息,抑制了无用信息。实践证明,改进后的控制回路非常成功,遥控准确率及可靠率大幅度提高。     

4～20GHz超宽带YIG调谐FET振荡器CAD计算和实验分析

简要介绍了采用双耦合ＹＩＧ谐振子的超宽带ＹＩＧ调谐ＦＥＴ振荡器的等效电路,并以阻抗圆图形式给出了ＣＡＤ优化设计的计算结果,稳定圆分析表明理论设计与实验结果一致。     

岩体超声波测试探头耦合方法的改进

简述了超声波测试岩体松动圈的方法,通过超声波反射率理论分析了探头耦合的作用机理,讨论了水耦合探头遇到仰孔、吸水膨胀孔、水渗漏严重孔等时存在的问题;对封口注水耦合法、乳膏类耦合法、囊耦合法进行了对比分析,提出了一种三胶囊超声波探头耦合方法,并成功应用于中煤平朔煤业责任有限公司的工程实践中。应用结果表明,该方法简单、方便、易行。     

路、堤、渠、坝的数字边坡模型

讨论了路、堤、渠、坝边坡坡面的形成及边坡坡面等高线的作图方法 ,在建立变径圆族包络线参数方程的基础上 ,建立了锥顶沿圆柱螺旋线、水平圆弧、直线运动的常用的边坡坡面的参数方程 ,准确绘制边坡坡面的等高线、坡度线 .该数学模型为路、堤、渠、坝的边坡坡面设计提供了一种准确、方便、适用于数字化设计的数学模型 .     

基于n周期风险价值下的log最优资产风险控制模型及分析

针对现代金融市场风险控制，基于风险价值(VaR)风险理论，建立了n周期最优资产组合的风险控制模型。对模型解的性质给出分析，并证明了n周期投资风险模型最优解的存在性与惟一性，为n周期投资策略优于连续单周期投资策略及其风险控制提供模型分析．这为投资策略优化、投资风险控制提供了理论分析依据．     

一种改进的末端区域能量管理轨迹设计与制导方法

末端区域能量管理是重复使用运载器实现精确无动力水平着陆非常重要的一个飞行阶段。本文将末端区域能量管理段水平轨迹和纵向轨迹分开设计,参数化的水平轨迹设计包含3个校正圆,以实现航向、航程以及位置的精确调整;纵向轨迹采用2段二次高度-航程曲线以实现对高度和速度的控制。在此基础上,给出了水平和纵向轨迹的跟踪制导方法。仿真结果及其分析表明该轨迹设计方法可以灵活地设计末端区域能量管理段的标称轨迹,且制导方法能够实现标称轨迹的良好跟踪。     

加强与产业界的合作,促进实践教学质量的提高

在实践教学过程中，通过加强与产业界的合作，多方位、充分地利用了产业界的资源，这对提高教师实践教学水平、培养学生工程实践能力和创新能力、优化毕业设计内容与过程起到了重要作用，迭到了提高实践教学质量的目的．     

Selection of master cutter paths in sculptured surface machining by employing curvature principle

In the Isoscallop strategy of sculptured surface machining, one of the surface edges is generally chosen as the Master Cutter Path (MCP)—from which other cutter paths are derived such that the roughness produced is uniform. In this paper, the MCPs have been chosen from the maximum or minimum curvature loci of the surface. Those loci that divide the surface into distinct zones of similar curvature are adopted as MCPs. Secondary cutter path generation is carried out employing standard isoscallop formulation and problems associated with multiple MCPs have been identified and addressed. MCPs along the locus of maximum convex curvature lead to a considerable reduction in machining time while those for minimum curvature (maximum flatness) yield a reduction in CL data file size.