丙型肝炎病毒多表位基因核酸疫苗的构建及其免疫原性

目的构建丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)多表位基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm,用该重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,并检测其免疫原性。方法用BamHⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切含有HCVC区、E2区模拟表位和NS3~NS5区细胞表位串联基因的原核表达载体pQE30-CtEm,克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-),脂质体瞬时转染CHO细胞,并检测其表达。以100μg重组质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测其体液免疫和细胞免疫效果。结果所构建的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm在CHO细胞中能获得有效表达。该质粒免疫小鼠后可诱导高水平的抗体,特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应、IFN-γ水平及CTL活性均明显高于空载体和生理盐水对照组。结论已成功构建HCV多表位基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CtEm,免疫小鼠后可诱导特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫应答。     

壳聚糖与DNA作用的共振光散射特征及微量DNA的光散射测定

通过光谱法研究壳聚糖和核酸的作用 ,结果表明通过共振光散射法用壳聚糖检测微量的 DNA方法可靠、准确且简单。     

Preparation of DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone hollow microspheres for organic compounds and heavy metal ions removal

DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone (PES) hollow microspheres are fabricated by means of a liquid-liquid phase separation technique; the hollow microspheres are then used to remove environmental pollutant organic compounds and heavy metal ions. The amounts of DNA encapsulated in the microspheres are dependent on the PES concentration, the DNA concentration used to prepare the particles, and the diameter of the syringe needle. The hollow microspheres can be used to remove harmful organic compounds including ethidium bromide (EB), acridine orange (AO) and endocrine disruptors. With the increase of the DNA amount encapsulated into the hollow microspheres, the removal ratios of these compounds increased. Additionally, the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres can selectively accumulate and remove heavy metal ions such as Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ These results suggested that the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres have a potential to be used in environmental applications.     

抗DNA单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立及其抗体的鉴定

目的制备抗DNA单克隆抗体,用以建立特异、灵敏、简便的外源性DNA残留量测定方法。方法将小牛胸腺DNA与阳离子化的牛血清白蛋白通过Mannich反应连接成为完全抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠得到的脾细胞与SP2/0小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,获得稳定分泌抗DNA单抗的杂交瘤细胞株,对抗体进行纯化、浓缩及鉴定。结果得到3株可稳定分泌抗DNA单抗的杂交瘤细胞株,单抗的ELISA间接效价分别为1∶4×103、1∶8×104和1∶1×103;亚型分别为IgM/κ、IgM/λ和IgM/κ;亲和力常数分别为3.96×108、4.04×109和1.26×108L/mol;3株细胞分泌的单抗与ctDNA、DH5αDNA、GS115DNA和H.S.DNA均有较高的结合能力,而对RNA、BSA和酪蛋白结合较弱或不能结合;3株细胞分泌的单抗识别3个不同的抗原表位;可检出4ng/ml以上的DNA。结论成功制备了3株细胞分泌的抗DNA单抗,为外源性DNA残留量免疫测定方法的深入研究奠定了基础。     

基于Hg~(2+)诱导DNA双链形成的汞离子检测试纸条研制

Hg2+能特异性地与2个胸腺嘧啶碱基(T)共价结合,介导T-T错配形成稳定的T-Hg2+-T结构。基于DNA修饰的纳米金探针研制了一种可检测水溶液中Hg2+浓度的层析试纸条。试纸条包含1条控制线和2条测试线,检测结果在5 min内可见,裸眼可见检测灵敏度为100 nmol/L。金标条阅读仪分析结果在10 nmol/L~10μmol/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,且对常见二价重金属离子Cu2+,Ni2+,Mg2+,Zn2+,Pb2+具有很好的选择性。该试纸条灵敏特异、快捷简单、操作方便、成本低廉,在环境监测和食品安全的现场快速检测中具有很好的应用前景。     

Interactions between Cytochrome c and DNA Strands Self-Assembled at Gold Electrode

In this work, we reported the investigation on the interaction between DNA strands self-assembled at gold electrodes and an electron transfer protein, cytochrome c. We observed that cytochrome c exhibited well-defined electrochemistry in both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA films. This suggested that the electron transfer reaction of cytochrome c arose possibly due to the electron hopping along DNA strands rather than wiring along the double helix. We also compared the heterogeneous electron transfer rate of cytochrome c with that of a ruthenium complex, which further confirmed this mechanism.     

药物抗氧化作用对DNA发光动力学行为的影响

本文应用ＣｕＳＯ４－Ｐｈｅｎ－Ｖｃ－Ｈ２Ｏ２－ＤＮＡ化学发光体系观察药物对发光动力学行为的影响，研究了九种药物对ＤＮＡ损伤的保护作用，并对其药物结构对抗氧化能力的影响进行了分析。发现药物在该系统中的抗氧化作用有三种类型，提示它们可能在体内不同的反应过程中起不同的作用。在该系统中具有抑制ＤＮＡ损伤发光能力的药物，按其作用强弱依次为阿魏酸、丹参素、芦丁，茶多酚、ＳＯＤ、、丹参酮Ⅱ－Ａ，丹皮酚，五味子乙     

Induction of DNA-double-strand breaks by auger electrons from 99mTc complexes with DNA-binding ligands

The potential of certain Auger electron emitting nuclides for systemic radiotherapeutic applications has recently gained much attention. In particular, the ability of several nuclides, including 111In, 125I, and 123I, to induce DNA double-strand breaks (dsb), a good indicator of cytotoxicity, has been extensively studied. However, this ability has never previously been shown experimentally for 99mTc, which, besides the well-known gamma radiation that is used for diagnostic applications, also emits an average of 1.1 conversion electrons and 4 Auger or Coster-Kronig electrons per decay. Owing to the short range of Auger electrons, the radionuclide needs to be located very close to the DNA for dsb to occur. We synthesized two cationic 99mTcI-tricarbonyl complexes with pendant DNA binders, pyrene and anthraquinone. The X-ray crystal structures of the two complexes could be elucidated. Linear dichroism and UV/Vis spectroscopy revealed that the complex with pyrene intercalates DNA with a stability constant, K, of 1.1 x 10(6) M(-1), while the analogous complex with anthraquinone interacts with DNA in a groove-binding mode and has an affinity value of K=8.9 x 10(4) M(-1). We showed with phiX174 double-stranded DNA that the corresponding 99mTc complexes induce a significant amount of dsb, whereas non-DNA-binding [TcO4]- and nonradioactive Re compounds did not. These results indicate that the Auger electron emitter 99mTc can induce dsb in DNA when decaying in its direct vicinity and this implies potential for systemic radiotherapy with 99mTc complexes.     

含IL-2基因的乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫效果

目的构建含白细胞介素-2(IL-2)基因的乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗,并考察免疫效果。方法将微小病毒内部核糖体进入位点(Internal ribosomal entry site,IRES)基因克隆到质粒pVAX1载体多克隆位点处,再将乙肝病毒表面抗原(HB-sAg)基因和IL-2基因分别连接在IRES基因的两侧,构建出乙肝病毒DNA疫苗pHII。将pHII转染COS-7细胞,进行瞬时表达。大量提取质粒后,按0、2、4周程序免疫BALB/c小鼠,以pVAX1质粒为阴性对照,pVAX/HBsAg质粒为阳性对照。第1针免疫1周后开始眼眶采血,检测血清中HBsAg和HBsAb含量。第1针免疫13周后处死小鼠,用流式细胞仪检测其脾脏T细胞表面CD4+、CD8+分子数量。结果在转染pHII质粒的COS-7细胞上清液中检测到HBsAg和IL-2的表达。实验组和阳性对照组小鼠分别于第1针免疫2、4周后,在血清中检测出HBsAb,但阴性对照组未测出。以上3组均未检测出HBsAg。实验组与阳性对照组相比,产生抗体的时间提前2周,抗体阳转率提高2.5倍,产生抗体的量也提高了近3倍。实验组CD4+分子数量和CD4+/CD8+值均高于阳性对照组。结论乙肝病毒DNA疫苗pHII成功诱导出小鼠的免疫应答,其免疫效果明显优于不含分子佐剂的乙肝DNA疫苗。     

Allelopathic Effects of Volatile Monoterpenoids Produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvia leucophylla</Emphasis>: Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and DNA Synthesis in the Root Apical Meristem of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica campestris</Emphasis> Seedlings

Salvia leucophylla, a shrub observed in coastal south California, produces several volatile monoterpenoids (camphor, 1,8-cineole, -pinene, -pinene, and camphene) that potentially act as allelochemicals. The effects of these were examined using Brassica campestris as the test plant. Camphor, 1,8-cineole, and -pinene inhibited germination of B. campestris seeds at high concentrations, whereas -pinene and camphene did not. Root growth was inhibited by all five monoterpenoids in a dose-dependent manner, but hypocotyl growth was largely unaffected. The monoterpenoids did not alter the sizes of matured cells in either hypocotyls or roots, indicating that cell expansion is relatively insensitive to these compounds. They did not decrease the mitotic index in the shoot apical region, but specifically lowered mitotic index in the root apical meristem. Moreover, morphological and biochemical analyses on the incorporation of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine into DNA demonstrated that the monoterpenoids inhibit both cell-nuclear and organelle DNA synthesis in the root apical meristem. These results suggest that the monoterpenoids produced by S. leucophylla could interfere with the growth of other plants in its vicinity through inhibition of cell proliferation in the root apical meristem.