基于Memetic算法的DNA序列数据压缩方法

该文提出一种基于CPMA(Collaborative Particle swarm optimization-based Memetic Algorithm) 算法的DNA序列数据压缩方法,CPMA分别采用综合学习粒子群优化(Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization, CLPSO)算法和动态调整的混沌搜索算子(Dynamic Adjustive Chaotic Search Operator, DACSO)进行全局搜索和局部搜索。该文采用CPMA寻找全局最优的基于扩展操作的近似重复矢量(Extended Approximate Repeat Vector, EARV)码书,并用此码书压缩DNA序列数据。实验结果表明,CPMA比其它优化算法有很大的改善,对文中采用的大部分测试函数,其解都非常接近全局最优点;对于DNA基准测序序列,与文中所列的经典DNA序列压缩算法相比,基于CPMA算法的压缩性能得到了显著提升。     

基于DNA链置换的赢家通吃神经网络

DNA链置换技术广泛用于生物计算中,在计算能力和信息处理方面表现出色.但是,在信号的放大、恢复与比较等一些计算中使用DNA链置换技术,不仅增加DNA链的数量,还会带来额外的计算成本.因此,为了减少DNA链的使用数量,该文构建了一个基于DNA链置换实现的赢家通吃(WTA)神经网络.首先,通过神经元实现逻辑运算AND,NA...     

Stimuli‐Responsive Nucleic Acid‐Based Polyacrylamide Hydrogel‐Coated Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Release

The synthesis of doxorubicin‐loaded metal–organic framework nanoparticles (NMOFs) coated with a stimuli‐responsive nucleic acid‐based polyacrylamide hydrogel is described. The formation of the hydrogel is stimulated by the crosslinking of two polyacrylamide chains, P_A and P_B, that are functionalized with two nucleic acid hairpins ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) using the strand‐induced hybridization chain reaction. The resulting duplex‐bridged polyacrylamide hydrogel includes the anti‐ATP (adenosine triphosphate) aptamer sequence in a caged configuration. The drug encapsulated in the NMOFs is locked by the hydrogel coating. In the presence of ATP that is overexpressed in cancer cells, the hydrogel coating is degraded via the formation of the ATP–aptamer complex, resulting in the release of doxorubicin drug. In addition to the introduction of a general means to synthesize drug‐loaded stimuli‐responsive nucleic acid‐based polyacrylamide hydrogel‐coated NMOFs hybrids, the functionalized NMOFs resolve significant limitations associated with the recently reported nucleic acid‐gated drug‐loaded NMOFs. The study reveals substantially higher loading of the drug in the hydrogel‐coated NMOFs as compared to the nucleic acid‐gated NMOFs and overcomes the nonspecific leakage of the drug observed with the nucleic‐acid‐protected NMOFs. The doxorubicin‐loaded, ATP‐responsive, hydrogel‐coated NMOFs reveal selective and effective cytotoxicity toward MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, as compared to normal MCF‐10A epithelial breast cells.     

DNA‐Templated Magnetic Nanoparticle‐Quantum Dot Polymers for Ultrasensitive Capture and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration and analysis has emerged as an important platform for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. A great challenge, however, is to efficiently capture low abundant CTCs with high purity from blood samples in a rapid and high‐throughput manner for accurate and sensitive CTC detection. Herein, a new class of DNA‐templated magnetic nanoparticle‐quantum dot (QD)‐aptamer copolymers (MQAPs) is developed for rapid magnetic isolation of CTCs from human blood with high capture efficiency and purity approaching 80%. The phenotype of CTCs is simultaneously profiled with QD photoluminescence (PL) at single cell level. These MQAPs are constructed through hybridization chain reaction to achieve amplified magnetic response, extraordinary binding selectivity for target cells over background cells, and ultra bright ensemble QD PL for single cell detection. MQAPs are free from nonspecific binding that would otherwise compromise the capture purity of target cells. As a result, facile isolation and enumeration of rare CTCs in blood samples could be achieved in 20 min with high sensitivity and accuracy.     

激光诱变遗传的共振激发及非线性作用机理分析

用量子力学及非线性科学理论，研究了激光与脱氧核糖核酸（ＤＮＡ）分子相互作用的共振吸收效应及混沌性质，进而对激光的生物诱变效应予以解释。     

激光与DNA作用系统的随机共振研究

建立了激光与ＤＮＡ分子系统相互作用的Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程，通过对该方程的数值研究，发现在绝热近似下，系统发生随机共振，噪声强度，激光振幅和频率协同作用共同制约着生物系统的演化过程，噪声强度在生物系统遗传变异过程中可能起重要作用。     

光纤光栅生物传感器的研究进展综述

本文介绍了光纤光栅生物传感器的传感原理,从光纤光栅新型结构的研究、可固定光纤表面的生物活性膜的研究以及应用研究三个不同的角度阐述了近年来光纤光栅生物传感器研究的进展情况,并分析目前该领域内面临的一些问题,对光纤光栅生物传感器的研究方向提出了一些建议。     

Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Gated Nanoscale Porous Carbon Derived from ZIF‐8

Stimuli‐responsive nanoscale porous carbon derived from ZIF‐8 (NCZIF) gated by DNA capping units is reported. The NCZIF is first obtained by calcination of nano‐ZIF‐8 crystals under an inert atmosphere. It is further conjugated with amine‐modified single‐stranded DNA after carboxylation (DNA/NCZIF). The guest molecules are sealed in the pore of NCZIF by the formation of a DNA duplex structure on the surface of NCZIF. As proof of principle, two systems that can be, respectively, used for controlled drug delivery and biosensing are introduced. In the first system, the drug model (rhodamine 6G, Rh6G) is locked in the NCZIF by the DNA capping units composed of rich‐G sequences and its complementary DNA strand. The in vitro cellular experiments reveal that DNA/NCZIF has good biocompatibility and can controllably release Rh6G upon the K⁺‐stimuli in cells. In the second system, the signal probe (methylene blue, MB) is locked in the NCZIF and then released after the unlocking of the pores triggered by the dissociation of the aptamer‐hybrid capping units. The MB‐loaded DNA/NCZIF can linearly respond to target molecules in the range from 1 × 10^?9 to 10 × 10^?6 m and has good specificity.     

生物传感器在水污染监测中的应用

综述了生物传感器在水污染监测方面的最新研究进展及应用,主要介绍了生物传感器在生化好氧量(biochemicaloxygendemand-BOD)和水体中污染物浓度测定等方面的应用,并对生物传感器在水污染监测方面的应用前景作了预测和展望。生物传感器可以将传统的BOD测定所需时间大大缩短,并且准确性提高。在对水中各种污染物浓度的测定中应用也非常广泛,具有快速,准确,方便等特点。生物传感器在科研领域和市场上都有极好的发展前景。     

氦氖激光对人胚腱细胞生长分泌的影响

目的 阐明氦氖激光促进人胚腱细胞增殖及分泌胶原的机制。方法 将传代培养的人胚腱细胞分为对照组、照射1日组、照射3日组及照射5日组。在氦氖激光照射的不同时相点，分别测定细胞DNA含量，cAMP水平及胶原分泌量。结果 在氦氖激光作用早期（1－3日），细胞cAMP水平与DNA合成均呈明显升高（P＜0.05)，细胞内信使物质合成及细胞增殖加快，但胶原分泌无变化，而在氦氖激光作用晚期（3－5日），当cAMP水平及DNA合成都不再改变时，腱细胞分泌胶原量显著增加（P＜0.01)。结论 氦氖激光可能通过作用于cAMP蛋白激酶A信号转导系统，从而调控人胚腱细胞增殖及胶原分泌。提示临床应用氛氖激光促进肌腱愈合宜从早期开始，并且需要照射足够长的时间。