The Application of Ozone for Water Treatment In The United Kingdom — Current Practive and Recent Research

Only two water works in the UK apply ozone at present as part of their treatment, onefor taste and odor control and theother forcolor removal. Forthetwo applicationus ozone was the most economical option at thetime theplants were installed andozone has been successful for the purpose for which it was designed.     

Durability of hygrothermally aged graphite/epoxy woven composite under combined hygrothermal conditions

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of hygrothermal aging on the durability of a graphite/epoxy woven composite material system. The study was part of a larger project in which the objective was to evaluate and model the effects of moisture, temperature, and combined hygrothermal conditions on the strength and life of a graphite/epoxy woven composite material system. The results presented here represent an extension of the work by Patel and Case (Int. J. Fatigue 22 (2000) 809).

The hygrothermal aging consisted of cyclical temperature and moisture variations which were meant to simulate mission conditions for an advanced subsonic aircraft. Durability studies were carried out on the aged material system in the form of fatigue and residual strength testing under humid and elevated temperature environments. Damage mechanisms and failure modes were determined through fatigue testing, residual strength testing, and nondestructive evaluation.

Changes in physical appearance, thermal analysis results, fracture surfaces, and moisture diffusion behavior all supported the idea that the material was affected by the aging process. However, experimental testing also showed that the initial and residual tensile properties of the aged material were virtually unaffected by the imposed environmental aging (as compared to unaged material testing results), except when tested at elevated temperature. At elevated temperature, both the dynamic stiffness and residual strength were noticeably reduced from that at room temperature.     

乙炔在磁稳定床中的选择性加氢研究

 制备了一种磁性Pd/Al₂O₃催化剂，采用磁稳定床考察了活性组分负载量、反应条件及CO浓度对乙炔加氢反应性能的影响。结果表明，当反应温度80℃、反应压力1.5MPa、空速9000h－1、磁场强度（H）25kA/m时，乙炔转化率为100％，乙烯选择性可达81％，具有优良的乙炔加氢活性和乙烯选择性，优于相同反应条件下的进口催化剂；250h稳定性实验结果表明，磁性Pd/Al2O3催化剂具有良好的初活性和乙烯选择性，催化剂性能稳定。     

Income, Time Effects and Direct Preferences in a Multimodal Choice Context: Application of Mixed RP/SP Models with Non-Linear Utilities

Transport problems typically involve at least two types of constraints, on income and on time. Therefore, the indirect utility function depends either on the income available after having subtracted the cost of the discrete alternative and on the free time left after having worked and travelled by each competing option. In the typical linear-in-the-attributes and in-the-parameters specification, that represents the first grade approximation of the indirect utility function, the effect of income and time constraints cancel out and only the cost and time of the alternatives matter in the comparison between them. From a microeconomic point of view this is equivalent to assume that income and time effects could be disregarded; which is not always the case. To account for these effects the utility function should include second order attributes; however, in non-linear utility functions it may not be easy to distinguish among several effects that could be relevant: direct preferences for good and leisure, and simple interactions between attributes other than income and time effects. This paper analyses these effects from a theoretical point of view focusing on the possible confounding problem in detecting income and time effects. We use a dataset collected for a modal choice context and containing both revealed and stated preference data, and estimate several NL models examining the effect of the different second-order terms on detecting income and time effects. We compared specifications including square cost and time attributes, interactions between time and cost, cost divided by the income available to be spent on free time, and time multiplied by free time. Our results confirm the strong effect of direct preferences for goods and leisure time on choice, and the potential confounding effect between quadratic attributes and other non-linear omitted terms. Finally, we also found that care should be taken in highlighting income and time effects using mixed data sources, since confounding effects can occur when non-linearities are accounted for in both data sets.     

降低氧化铝生产中熟料折合比的探讨

在氧化铝生产过程中，熟料折合比是烧结法一项重要的综合性指标，本文通过对熟料折合比的定义、计算公式的剖析，分析了生产过程中影响熟料折合比的主要因素，对有效降低熟料折合比的措施进行了探讨。     

水利电力自动化设备TCP/IP通信协议栈的选择

TCP/IP通信协议栈产品层出不穷,文中列举了几种适合水利电力行业使用的TCP/IP通信协议栈产品,进行了分析和测试比较,评价了各协议栈产品的优缺点,评估了其性价比和实用性,为水利电力行业设备的TCP/IP通信协议栈选择提供了参考依据.     

La doping effects on intergrowth Bi2WO6–Bi3TiNbO9 ferroelectrics

La doping effects on intergrowth Bi₂WO₆–Bi₃TiNbO₉ ferroelectric ceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis and dielectric spectroscopy. It was found that the La³⁺ distribution, ferroelectric phase transition and dielectric relaxation behavior are apparently affected by La doping. With increasing La³⁺ content, the site of dopant ion varies, the grain growth of Bi₅TiNbWO₁₅ is restrained, the Curie temperature is reduced and broadened. Furthermore, two dielectric relaxation loss peaks were observed both in temperature and frequency spectra. The calculated relaxation parameters revealed the oxygen vacancy related to the relaxation process.     

INI配置文件在Pro/Engineer二次开发中的应用

基于Pro/Engineer二次开发的应用系统一旦完成,如果要扩展其功能,一般需要修改该系统代码,并重新进行编译。本文利用Windows初始化文件(INI)设置相关参数,在二次开发的系统中添加新的用户自定义特征(UDF),实现了一种方便而有效地扩展该系统功能的方法。     

办公自动化系统的安全机制

从技术和用户角度对目前流行的办公自动化系统的安全机制进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了在实践中方便可行的安全保护措施.