代用碱JT的制备与应用性能研究

通过测定不同碱剂的缓冲容量,筛选并制备染色代用碱JT,并将其用于棉织物活性染料固色中。研究染浴中代用碱JT的组分对染色效果的影响,确定代用碱JT的组分为碳酸钾35%、硅酸钠50%、氢氧化钾10%和三乙醇胺5%。研究结果表明：代用碱替代纯碱用于活性染料固色,操作简单,染液pH值变化较小,且可提高染色牢度,节约用水,节约染色时间,降低综合成本。     

印染废水的治理及清洁生产

本文分析了我国印染行业的排污现状，介绍了印染废水对环境的危害及其治理方法，提出了清洁生产的定义及实行清洁生产的各种途径。     

A novel polarizer‐free dye‐doped polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal for reflective TFT displays

Abstract— A novel preparation method for dichroic dye‐doped polymer‐dispersed liquid crystals has been developed. This was achieved by creating a porous polymer matrix first by washing out the liquid crystal from a polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), which is then refilled with dye‐doped liquid crystal. Optimizing the liquid crystal used in the refilling results in decreased turn‐on voltage and faster response time. Poster‐standard reflectivity and newspaper‐standard contrast was demonstrated with a 3.8‐in. QVGA reflective TFT display with a drive voltage of 10 V.     

真丝绸小浴比染色技术探讨及工艺实践

传统的真丝绸染色通常在绳状染色机、平幅卷染机等设备上完成,染色浴比1∶4～1∶50甚至更大。采用液雾喷染小浴比染色,浴比仅为1∶2～1∶3。与传统染色机相比,小浴比染色的用水量大为减少,文章对由此引起的染料溶解、助剂选用以及工艺实施等方面的问题进行了研究探讨,提出相应的解决措施,并在工厂真丝绸染色生产中进行实际应用,获得了良好的应用效果。     

凝胶渗透色谱净化超高效液相色谱法测定 辣椒油和火锅底料中的10种工业染料

目的建立辣椒油和火锅底料中的10种工业染料的检测方法。方法采用凝胶渗透色谱仪作为前处理设备,采用超高效液相色谱仪作为检测设备,对高脂肪含量的辣椒油及火锅底料等辣椒制品中的10种红黄类工业染料进行检测,并对方法的有效性进行验证。结果以空白的辣椒油和火锅底料为基质,分别在高、中、低三个水平进行加标实验,回收率分别在56.0%~96.4%之间和70.0%~98.2%之间,RSD(n=6)分别为1.9%~8.2%之间和1.8%~7.9%之间,各工业染料的检出限(S/N=3)在0.009~0.051 mg/kg之间,定量限(S/N=10)在0.030~0.153 mg/kg之间。结论该方法操作简单,稳定性好,适于在实际检测工作中推广应用。     

Effect of acidic additives on the structure and performance of TiO2 films prepared by a commercial nanopowder for dye-sensitized solar cells

This work comprises an experimental study on the effect of various dispersing agents on the morphology of mesoporous TiO₂ films prepared by the doctor blade method and on the performance of the resulting dye-sensitized solar cells. TiO₂ films were prepared using a commercial nanopowder, Degussa P25, which was ground in a mortar, with different dispersing agents and under continuous grinding, in order to break the large agglomerates (>1 μm), present in the powder. These additives can be different acids or bases and must prevent also re-agglomeration of the nanoparticles, by forming a surface charge.Two strong acids (hydrochloric, HCl and nitric, HNO₃), a weak one (acetic acid, CH₃COOH) and a ketone (acetylacetone, C₅H₈O₂) were used in turn. The properties of the films were dependent on the concentration and the kind of the acid. With increasing concentration the coagulation of the nanoparticles also increases, thus affecting the efficiency of the devices. Of all the additives used, HNO₃ gave the best results and a 40% increment in efficiency was observed, compared to the standard dispersing agent that is acetylacetone. The improved homogeneity of the nanoparticle size (24 nm for anatase and 21.5 nm for rutile) and the better connectivity between them were responsible for the improvement in efficiency.     

Preparation of dye sensitized titanium oxide nanoparticles for solar cell applications

A new method for synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-dye nanoparticles is reported. TiO₂ nanocrystals were obtained at 150 and 200 °C by using chemically bonded TiO₂-sensitizer dye as a precursor. Titanium tetraisopropoxide was first modified with a dye molecule and then precipitated by dropping into acidic water. A strongly colored precipitate was obtained. Hydrothermal growth of a colloidal solution was carried out in a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave. Dye sensitized solar cell efficiencies obtained were comparable and fill factor values were close to the analogous cells prepared by the use of conventional TiO₂ paste techniques. This method allows the use of different substrates together with nanocrystalline TiO₂ for many technological applications.     

Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of novel ternary ZnO/AgI/Ag2CrO4 nanocomposites as visible-light-driven photocatalysts with excellent activity

This work reports ultrasonic-assisted preparation of novel ternary ZnO/AgI/Ag₂CrO₄ nanocomposites as excellent visible-light-driven photocatalysts. The ZnO/AgI/Ag₂CrO₄ nanocomposite with 20% of Ag₂CrO₄ has the superior activity in degradation of rhodamine B. Activity of this nanocomposite is nearly 167, 6.5, and 45-fold higher than those of the ZnO, ZnO/AgI, and ZnO/Ag₂CrO₄ samples, respectively. The ternary nanocomposite also showed enhanced activity relative to its counterparts for degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange as two dye pollutants under visible-light irradiation. The UV–vis DRS and PL spectra confirmed that the excellent photocatalytic activities are due to more visible-light absorption ability and efficiently separation of the charge carriers. Based on the effects of different scavengers, it was found that superoxide ions are the primary reactive species to cause the degradation reaction. Furthermore, the highly enhanced activity of the ternary nanocomposite was described using a proposed mechanism.     

Au nanoparticles decorated on magnetic nanocomposite (GO-Fe3O4/Dop/Au) as a recoverable catalyst for degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange in water

In the present research, magnetically recyclable graphene oxide (GO)/dopamine hydrochloride/AuNPs nanocatalyst are prepared by a green path with Acorus calamus seeds extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent and its catalytic efficiency was used for the reduction of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) in the presence of NaBH₄ as a reducing agent in the aqueous medium in the ambient conditions. The prepared nanocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The prepared nanocatalyst has good catalytic activity and can be regain by an external magnet and recycled several times without considerable loss of its catalytic activity in the process of reduction of organic dyes.