选好设备是技改工作的重要环节

该文论述了在企业改扩建过程中，设备选型紧扣技改目标的必要性，介绍了从设备的工艺性、适应性、效率、可靠性、维修性等多方面择优购置设备的经验。     

29%甘蔗杀虫复混肥在甘蔗上的药肥效研究

进行了施用29%三合一甘蔗杀虫复混肥的试验,在甘蔗全生育期,共施3000 kg/hm2。第1次为基肥,施1500kg/hm2,施肥后65天,对蔗龟等甘蔗害虫防效达76.33%。第2次为追肥,施1500 kg/hm2,施肥后45天,防效达73.08%。该药肥对苗期甘蔗株高、叶数、叶长都有较好效果,其最终产量比29%对照复混肥增产14.85 t/hm2,增产率为24.87%。增产的主要原因是甘蔗有效茎数、茎径和单茎重的增加。该药肥对甘蔗株高影响不大。     

基于神经网络对管制中心系统的效能评估

根据神经网络学习算法和专家系统的原理,提出了利用BP算法对管制中心系统进行效能评估的系统结构和功能实现方法,构造了管制中心系统的效能评估模型。并结合实例,对管制中心系统的效能评估过程进行了研究,给出了基于神经网络对管制中心系统进行量化评估的一种方法。     

新型低毒农药5％杀单·毒死蜱对甘蔗螟虫防治效果试验

以新型低毒农药5％杀单·毒死蜱为供试药剂,与生产上常见的另外4种农药品种进行药效对比试验。结果表明,在本试验条件下,各农药处理间的枯心率、虫节率、蔗茎产量、含糖量差异极显著。在甘蔗种植时和大培土时各施用新型低毒农药5％杀单·毒死蜱75kg／hm^2 具有良好的防治螟虫效果,能减少原料蔗的虫节率,有效提高甘蔗蔗糖分,对甘蔗的增产、增糖具有明显的促进作用。     

Spinosad: A new natural product for stored grain protection

Spinosad is a reduced-risk insecticide derived by fermentation from the soil actinomycete, Saccharopolyspora spinosa Mertz & Yao. Spinosad is currently registered in several countries as a grain protectant at a maximum labeled use rate of 1 ppm (1 mg a.i./kg of grain) and with the Maximum Residue Level (MRL) or tolerance on grains set at 1 or 1.5 ppm. Global launch of spinosad as a grain protectant is expected in the near future, pending final acceptance of international residue tolerances for spinosad by major grain importing and exporting countries. Spinosad effectively controls economically important beetle and moth pests associated with stored grain and is also effective against certain psocid species. Spinosad provides grain protection through control of adult and/or immature life stages of pest insects. The pest spectrum of spinosad under commercial grain storage conditions is still being defined, but it is clear from available laboratory and field evaluations on various grains that the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.); larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn); rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens); flat grain beetle, Cryptolestes pusillus (Schönherr); red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst); confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val; Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner); rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton); Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier); almond moth, Cadra cautella Walker; and the psocid species Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein and Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) are susceptible to spinosad and complete control is to be expected. Other pest species such as the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motchulsky; rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.); and sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) are susceptible to spinosad to varying degrees, but their overall level of control remains to be verified under commercial grain storage conditions. Spinosad residues are highly stable on grains stored in bins, with a length of protection ranging from 6 months to 2 years. Numerous factors have been shown to impact the overall performance of spinosad, including insect pest species, pest life stage, grain type, grain variety, and formulation type. Spinosad possesses a unique mode of action in insects and controls insect strains resistant to other grain protectants. When launched globally, spinosad will represent a valuable new addition to the limited arsenal of grain protectants and can positively impact global food security. Its combination of high efficacy, broad insect pest spectrum, low mammalian toxicity, and sound environmental profile is unique among existing products currently used for stored-grain protection.     

Is job performance conditioned by work-from-home demands and resources?

Substantial research has been dedicated to describing remote work, yet the understanding of working from home since the Covid-19 pandemic remains rather limited. While recognising the necessity for exploring employees' perceptions and interaction with technology as the ultimate requirement for a functional work-from-home, this study observes the factors that would determine job performance. Thus, adhering to the Job Demands-Resources theory, we argue that employees' ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) anxiety and smartphone addiction can inhibit their work progress by provoking interruptions in the course and reducing the efficacy, further affecting performance. PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modelling) was employed to analyse the data collected by 363 employees working from home due to Covid-19 restrictive measures. The results reveal that employees’ reluctance and apprehensiveness related to the use of ICT and their dependency on smartphone usage act as distractions that impact the efficient achievement of work goals. The ensued findings valuably contribute to the relevant body of knowledge, while the implications offer helpful strategies for improving work-from-home. Finally, companies must simplify the transition to the home office, providing employees with job management and tools to ensure uninterrupted and productive working processes.     

The Efficacy and Safety of Triazavirin for COVID-19: A Trial Protocol

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, was reported in December 2019. COVID-19 is highly contagious and has rapidly developed from a regional epidemic into a global pandemic. As yet, no effective drugs have been found to treat this virus. This study, an ongoing multicenter and blind randomized controlled trial (RCT), is being conducted at ten study sites in Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate the efficacy and safety of Triazavirin (TZV) versus its placebo in COVID-19 patients. A total of 240 participants with COVID-19 are scheduled to be enrolled in this trial. Participants with positive tests of throat swab virus nucleic acid are randomized (1:1) into two groups: standard therapy plus TZV or standard therapy plus placebo for a 7-day treatment with a 21-day follow-up. The primary outcome is the time to clinical improvement of the subjects. Secondary outcomes include clinical improvement rate, time to alleviation of fever, mean time and proportion of obvious inflammatory absorption in the lung, conversion rate of repeated negative virus nucleic acid tests, mortality rate, and conversion rate to severe and critically severe patients. Adverse events, serious adverse events, liver function, kidney function, and concurrent treatments will be monitored and recorded throughout the trial. The results of this trial should provide evidence-based recommendations to clinicians for the treatment of COVID-19.     

A phenomenological model for analyzing reciprocating compressors

A new model for hermetic reciprocating compressors is presented. This model is able to predict compressor efficiency and volumetric efficiency in terms of a certain number of parameters (10) representing the main sources of losses inside the compressor. The model provides users with helpful information about the way in which the compressor is designed and working.A statistical fitting procedure based on the Monte Carlo method was developed for its adjustment. The model can predict compressor performance at most points with a maximum deviation of 3%.A possible gas condensation on cold spots inside the cylinder during the last part of the compression stroke was also evaluated.     

刺辊分梳板和锡林前后固定盖板的梳理效能

分析了刺辊、刺辊分梳板、锡林前后固定盖板的梳理作用和梳理工艺效果;论述了分梳板、前后固定盖板的针布规格和选用配套原则;最后强调三种附加分梳件应与吸风除尘刀、棉网清洁器相结合,提高梳棉机除杂和排除短绒的能力。     

度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡联合治疗癌痛的临床观察

目的:对比观察度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡缓释片与单用硫酸吗啡治疗癌痛的疗效与安全性,为肿瘤疼痛管理提供参考。方法:180例中重度癌痛患者被纳入这项随机、开放、为期12周的临床研究。研究对象均分入单药治疗组(硫酸吗啡缓释片,100~200 mg/d)和合并治疗组(同等剂量的硫酸吗啡缓释片+度洛西汀,前2周 30 mg/d,2周后 60 mg/d)。分别在基线及治疗后第4、8及12周进行随访与评估。用Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ)和the 10-point visual analog scale (VAS)行疼痛评估。焦虑抑郁症状采用汉密尔顿焦虑与抑郁量表评估。采用治疗时出现的不良事件量表与脱落率评估耐受性。结果:单药治疗组与合并治疗组脱落率相似(第4周 8.9% vs 10.0%,第8周 15.6% vs 17.8% 及第12周 23.3% vs 25.6%,均P>0.05)。虽然便秘、出汗和心悸的不良反应频数合并治疗组较高,但差异未达统计学意义。在第4、12周VAS评分减分值合并治疗组显著高于单药治疗组[(3.3±0.9) vs (2.1±0.6);(6.4±0.8) vs (4.5±0.5), 均P<0.01]。虽然SF-MPQ总分减分值两组间无统计学差异,但在疼痛情感维度方面,于治疗后第8、12周,合并治疗组减分值显著高于单药治疗组[(4.2±1.3) vs (2.3±1.0);(6.8±2.9) vs (4.6±1.7), 均P<0.01]。结论:合用度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗癌痛的疗效优于单用硫酸吗啡治疗,且耐受性好。