度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡联合治疗癌痛的临床观察

目的:对比观察度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡缓释片与单用硫酸吗啡治疗癌痛的疗效与安全性,为肿瘤疼痛管理提供参考。方法:180例中重度癌痛患者被纳入这项随机、开放、为期12周的临床研究。研究对象均分入单药治疗组(硫酸吗啡缓释片,100~200 mg/d)和合并治疗组(同等剂量的硫酸吗啡缓释片+度洛西汀,前2周 30 mg/d,2周后 60 mg/d)。分别在基线及治疗后第4、8及12周进行随访与评估。用Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ)和the 10-point visual analog scale (VAS)行疼痛评估。焦虑抑郁症状采用汉密尔顿焦虑与抑郁量表评估。采用治疗时出现的不良事件量表与脱落率评估耐受性。结果:单药治疗组与合并治疗组脱落率相似(第4周 8.9% vs 10.0%,第8周 15.6% vs 17.8% 及第12周 23.3% vs 25.6%,均P>0.05)。虽然便秘、出汗和心悸的不良反应频数合并治疗组较高,但差异未达统计学意义。在第4、12周VAS评分减分值合并治疗组显著高于单药治疗组[(3.3±0.9) vs (2.1±0.6);(6.4±0.8) vs (4.5±0.5), 均P<0.01]。虽然SF-MPQ总分减分值两组间无统计学差异,但在疼痛情感维度方面,于治疗后第8、12周,合并治疗组减分值显著高于单药治疗组[(4.2±1.3) vs (2.3±1.0);(6.8±2.9) vs (4.6±1.7), 均P<0.01]。结论:合用度洛西汀与硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗癌痛的疗效优于单用硫酸吗啡治疗,且耐受性好。     

牛肺表面活性物质与猪肺表面活性物质治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效观察

目的: 比较牛肺表面活性物质(珂立苏)与猪肺表面活性物质(固尔苏)治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效和安全性。方法: 本院新生儿重症监护中心2008年1月-2011年8月诊治的120例呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)早产患儿,随机分为珂立苏治疗组和固尔苏治疗组各60例,气管插管分别给予珂立苏和固尔苏治疗,比较两组治疗效果及并发症。结果: 珂立苏和固尔苏均对早产儿RDS有肯定的治疗效果,表现在明显改善机械通气参数、血气分析结果和胸部X线片RDS分级(P<0.05);固尔苏的治疗效果优于珂立苏,特别是机械通气和用氧时间较少(P<0.05);两组间早产儿相关并发症无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论: 珂立苏和固尔苏对早产儿RDS均有肯定的治疗作用且安全性好,固尔苏有疗效优势但珂立苏相对较为经济。     

Effectiveness of diatomaceous earth for control of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium castaneum and Palorus subdepressus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

The effectiveness of diatomaceous earth (DE) or diatomite has been assessed against three major beetle pests of stored maize: Sitophilus zeamais (the maize weevil), Tribolium castaneum (the red flour beetle) and Palorus subdepressus (the depressed flour beetle). Maize has been treated with four doses of DE (1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 g/kg) and four doses of Actellic Super™ Dust a chemical insecticide used as a reference (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 g/kg). The effective mortality was measured for each treatment after 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 d of exposure. The corrected mortality rates were calculated by considering the mortality in the control group. Diatomaceous earth was as effective as Actellic Super™ Dust but required higher doses. Diatomaceous earth acted faster on S. zeamais and P. subdepressus compared to T. castaneum. The highest dose tested for DE caused the same mortality in T. castaneum as the recommended dose of Actellic Super™ Dust. Diatomaceous earth is a good alternative for the control of these three devastating insect pests of maize stocks and can readily be incorporated into integrated stored products pest management programs.     

复方阿嗪米特联合盐酸伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良65例疗效分析

目的探讨复方阿嗪米特联合盐酸伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效和安全性。方法将130例功能性消化不良患者随机分为观察组和对照组各65例,对照组采用盐酸伊托必利治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用复方阿嗪米特治疗,比较2组的临床疗效及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率93.8%,对照组总有效率64.6%,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。2组均未见明显不良反应。结论在使用盐酸伊托必利的基础上加用复方阿嗪米特治疗功能性消化不良,药物不良反应少,较单纯应用促胃肠动力药疗效显著,是一种安全、有效的临床用药选择。     

Does smoking abstinence self-efficacy vary across situations? Identifying context-specificity within the Relapse Situation Efficacy Questionnaire.

According to self-efficacy and relapse theories, abstinence self-efficacy (ASE) ratings should be context-specific; they should vary across situations. This variability may be important, as it could signal high-risk for relapse situations. In this study, confirmatory factor analysis was used to identify situational variability in a novel ASE assessment (Relapse Situation Efficacy Questionnaire, or RSEQ). Results supported a hierarchical structure, where both context-specific and unidimensional measures of ASE exist within the assessment. Context-specific factors included Negative Affect, Positive Affect, Restrictive Situations (to smoking), Idle Time, Social–Food Situations, Low Arousal, and Craving. Multiple context-specific factors and the aggregate factor predicted cessation outcome, even after controlling for concurrent smoking rate. However, the context rated with the least confidence proved to be the best outcome predictor, suggesting the existence of "Achilles' heel" situations. These data indicate the internal and predictive validity of the RSEQ. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

高效能精硫机技术与工艺创新的探讨

叙述了高效能精梳机的特点,提出了高效能精硫机应在钳板传动机构、减轻钳板组件的重量棉罗拉位置优化、钳唇结构设计、分离罗拉传动设计、牵伸装置设计等七个方面进行技术创新。并从理论上分析探讨了在高效能精梳上采用重定量、后退给棉的可行性。     

Towards explaining the cognitive efficacy of Euler diagrams in syllogistic reasoning: A relational perspective

Although diagrams have been widely used as methods for introducing students to elementary logical reasoning, it is still open to debate in cognitive psychology whether logic diagrams can aid untrained people to successfully conduct deductive reasoning. In our previous work, some empirical evidence was provided for the effectiveness of Euler diagrams in the process of solving categorical syllogisms. In this paper, we discuss the question of why Euler diagrams have such inferential efficacy in the light of a logical and proof-theoretical analysis of categorical syllogisms and diagrammatic reasoning. As a step towards an explanatory theory of reasoning with Euler diagrams, we argue that the effectiveness of Euler diagrams in supporting syllogistic reasoning derives from the fact that they are effective ways of representing and reasoning about relational structures that are implicit in categorical sentences. A special attention is paid to how Euler diagrams can facilitate the task of checking the invalidity of an inference, a task that is known to be particularly difficult for untrained reasoners. The distinctive features of our conception of diagrammatic reasoning are made clear by comparing it with the model-theoretic conception of ordinary reasoning developed in the mental model theory.     

The efficacy of nisin can drastically vary when produced in situ in model cheeses

Nisin, a bacteriocin produced by strains of Lactococcus lactis, has a broad inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacteria. This study investigated the efficacy of nisin Z against Lactobacillus sakei when produced by a nisin-producing strain L. lactis in model cheeses manufactured with ultrafiltrated milk. These cheeses, containing 0, 4 or 10% of gelatin in their dry matter, were inoculated with both strains. Measurement of Lb. sakei loss of viability was an indirect indicator of nisin in situ efficacy. After 24 h, the loss of viability of Lb. sakei was from 0.73 ± 0.14 to 3.30 ± 0.60 log₁₀ cfu g⁻¹ in the cheeses with 0 and 10% of gelatin, respectively, indicating a better in situ efficacy of nisin when gelatin was incorporated. However, the concentration of nisin produced by Lactococcus was similar (3.5 μg g⁻¹) in all model cheeses when measured using an enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). The growth of Lactococcus was slightly improved when gelatin was incorporated, leading to a higher lactate concentration, which is one of the factors explaining the increased nisin efficacy. These results reinforced previous observations that prediction of nisin efficacy in complex food systems remains difficult.     

20%康宽悬浮剂防治甘蔗螟虫田间药效试验总结

采用不同用药量、不同施药方法、不同施药时期,对20%康宽悬浮剂进行了田间螟虫防治试验。结果表明:在甘蔗螟虫枯心苗大量形成初期及甘蔗螟虫蛀茎初期,采用20%康宽SC300～375mL/hm2结合施肥进行撒施或喷雾,对螟虫枯心、台湾稻螟形成的花叶及甘蔗螟虫蛀茎均具有较好的防治效果。结合施肥撒施在甘蔗基部并培土的防治效果最好,药效持续时间最长。     

浅谈学生公寓信息化管理平台的搭建与效用

现在的社会是一个发展快速的高科技信息化社会，计算机的应用已经遍及到社会的各个领域。对于拥有优秀人才、先进技术的高等院校，搭建公寓信息化管理平台，加强公寓管理，提高工作效率与管理水平。实现对公寓进行全面的信息化管理，是公寓管理发展的必然方向。