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排序方式: 共有108条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Anti-vitamin K (AVK) compounds are highly potent anticoagulants which are particularly effective for controlling rodent species populations. AVKs have been the most widely used chemical rodenticide option employed since the 1950s for the control of rodents infesting stored commodities and storage facilities, and also in a wide range of other scenarios. However, reports of AVK resistance in wild rodent populations are becoming increasingly common. This could potentially lead to a substantial reduction in AVK efficacy resulting in an impaired ability to manage rodent infestations in the future. The current state of knowledge regarding AVK resistance mechanisms in common pest species is still incomplete. This review draws together reported incidences of AVK resistance in the literature and the underlying mechanisms suspected of conferring resistance for the three main pest rodent species Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus and Mus musculus. The purpose of this review is to compare and contrast the underlying resistance mechanisms in these species and demonstrate how this should influence programs for monitoring and avoiding the development of AVK resistance in target rodent species. 相似文献
32.
高校内部问责文化功效随着高校问责制的发展在高校内部管理中的作用逐步得到彰显。因此,加强高校内部问责文化建设已成为高校当前反腐倡廉建设的一项重要任务。高校应以形成成熟的问责心理为基础,以建立完善的问责机制为保障,以营造浓厚的问责氛围为支持来促进内部问责文化建设。 相似文献
33.
34.
Jan L. Wahlstrom Po-Chang Chiang Sarbani Ghosh Chad J. Warren Steve P. Wene Lesley A. Albin Mark E. Smith Steven L. Roberds 《Nanoscale research letters》2007,2(6):291-296
Time and resource constraints necessitate increasingly early decisions to advance or halt pre-clinical drug discovery programs.
Early discovery or “tool” compounds may be potent inhibitors of new targets, but all too often they exhibit poor pharmaceutical
and pharmacokinetic properties that make early assessment of in vivo efficacy difficult. 1,3-Dicyclohexylurea, a potent and
selective inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), reduces blood pressure in hypertensive preclinical animal models when
administered intraperitoneally using DMSO/corn oil as a delivery vehicle. However, the poor aqueous solubility of DCU poses
a challenge for in vivo dosing in a multiple dose situation. Therefore, we developed a nanosuspension formulation of DCU to
support oral, intravenous bolus and intravenous infusion dosing. Use of the nanosuspension formulation maintained DCU free
plasma levels above the sEH IC50 and demonstrated that the application of formulation technology can accelerate in vivo evaluation
of new targets by enabling pharmacodynamic studies of poorly soluble compounds.
This study was supported by Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism at Pfizer. 相似文献
35.
This project evaluated the effects of exposing a variety of microorganisms on porous and non-porous materials to elevated gaseous ozone concentrations ranging from 100 – 1000 ppm. Gypsum wallboard (porous) and glass slide (non-porous) building materials were used. Two fungi organisms, two bacteria organisms and two levels of relative humidity (RH) were tested. Increased humidity and non-porous surface exposure were found to increase the biocidal capability of high levels of ozone. The results of this study indicate that even at relatively high concentrations of ozone, it is difficult to get significant reductions of microorganisms on surfaces, especially on porous materials. 相似文献
36.
Inactivation rates of the biofilms of P. fluorescence and P. aeruginosa established on a small slide glass in ozone water (0.9–3.2 mg/L, 1–20 min) were determined in a batch or flow-through system. The effects of ozone water on the biofilm matrices were defined clearly in situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy. These results indicate that ozone is an effective biocide against biofilms and it can remove exopolysaccharides in the biofilm matrices. However, the effective concentration of ozone for disinfection of biofilms varied with the biofilms formed, mainly due to reactions of ozone with constituents of the biofilms. 相似文献
37.
In order to achieve widespread use of heat pumps across the full spectrum of potential applications, it is critical that the first cost of the units is acceptable. There are many factors influencing this cost, including the number of units manufactured, the ease of installation, the complexity of the control requirements, and the cost of the working fluid(s). A common feature of all heat pump cycles is the presence of at least one heat exchanger, indeed some heat-driven cycles are composed almost entirely of heat exchangers, each having a different but critical role to play. There are several important aspects of heat exchangers that can help to reduce first cost of these components and the system, (in addition to the possible positive impact on coefficient of performance). Two of these are discussed here — compact heat exchangers (CHEs) and heat transfer enhancement. The latter may be directly associated with CHEs but can be equally beneficial in reducing approach temperature differences in 'conventional' shell and tube heat exchangers. Both are essential features of many intensified processes, which the author argues need compatible heat pumps if the market for the latter is to flourish. In this paper, the most recent types of CHE are described, with emphasis on the benefits they can bring to heat pump first cost and performance. Heat transfer enhancement in heat pumps is also reviewed. 相似文献
38.
目的 观察针灸对脑梗死患者的临床疗效观察及康复效果。方法 回顾分析我院自2007年8月至2011年6月120例脑梗死患者随机分为针灸组60例和对照组60例,治疗前后采用简易精神状态检查(MMSE)和修订Barthel指数(MBI)对其运动功能、认知功能及日常生活能力进行评定,对照观察针灸对脑梗死患者的康复效果。结果 对照组和针灸组治疗后FMA评分、MMSE评分及Barthe1指数均有明显改善(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,针灸组治疗后FMA评分及Barthel指数改善更为明显(P<0.05),MMSE评分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 针灸疗法有助于脑梗死后运动功能及日常生活能力的恢复。 相似文献
39.
目的探讨宫颈癌患者术前新辅助静脉化疗的临床疗效。方法收集本院2006年1月至2008年1月收入院的35例宫颈癌(Ⅰb-Ⅱa)患者,术前给以BIP方案(顺铂+异环磷酰胺+博来霉素)的新辅助静脉化疗,所有病人均完成2个疗程化疗,化疗结束后14d经妇科检查,B超测量宫颈肿块消退情况,按UICC疗效标准评价疗效。化疗结束后3周行子宫广泛切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫。结果化疗有效率CR34.3%(12/35),PR45.7%(16/35),SD20.0%(7/35),PD0%(0/35),其中Ⅰb1期有效率100(7/7),Ⅰb2期有效率90.47%(19/21),Ⅱa期有效率57.1%(4/7)。宫颈肿块<4cm有效化疗有效率CR34.3%(12/35),率92.9%(13/14),≥4cm有效率71.4%(15/21);术后病理提示阴道切缘、宫旁浸润及盆腔淋巴结转移均阴性。结论新辅助静脉化疗作为早期宫颈癌术前治疗,可以明显缩小和消退宫颈肿块,减少术后宫旁浸润、淋巴结转移,降低术后并发症、减少术后复发。 相似文献
40.
1997年都阿合剂蔗田药效试验结果表明:都阿合剂在蔗田的最经济用量是150mL(商品量)/亩,处理后30天综合药效在90%以上,其杀草谱广,对甘蔗安全无药害,明显优于阿特拉津单用。都阿合剂的最适施用期及施药方法是芽前土壤处理。 相似文献