齐鲁乙烯汽油分馏塔和急冷水塔施工的HSE管理

根据中国石化齐鲁石化股份有限公司烯烃厂乙烯装置改扩建中汽油分馏塔和急冷塔的施工特点，从危害分析入手，制定相应的硪狐管理措施，保证了施工的安全进行。     

盾构隧道密封垫长期防水性能预测的试验研究

为了建立盾构隧道弹性密封垫橡胶的老化系数模型,开展热氧加速老化试验. 该模型采用伸长率与应力的比值作为性能劣化指标,可以预测橡胶在不同温度和时间状态下的性能,对密封垫的长期服役状态进行预测. 通过一系列水密性试验,研究密封垫防水能力受服役时间和张开量的影响规律. 研究结果表明,橡胶的拉伸强度在老化前期受拉断伸长率变化的影响迅速下降,后期主导因素转变为拉伸模量;老化系数随着时间的增加而持续下降,但下降速度逐渐减小,最终服役百年后的老化系数为0.364;密封垫耐水压折减系数随着张开量的减小而降低,总体上小于老化系数. 基于试验结果,建立以服役时间和张开量为自变量的耐水压折减系数的预测公式.     

S-877催化剂在抚顺石化EO/EG装置应用分析及优化调整

在乙烯氧化生成环氧乙烷的反应中,因原料供应和销售等问题,导致装置频繁调整负荷,再加上非计划停工以及在线仪表和离线分析不能准确的测定出系统中的氯含量,造成系统中氯含量大幅波动,通过对银催化剂S877长时间运行的数据进行分析,找出规律,优化EDC的加入量,保证催化剂选择性最优,同时确保了装置平稳优化运行。     

分光光度法测定水样中乙二醇和甲醛的含量

建立了一种同时测定水样中乙二醇和甲醛含量的方法。采用品红-亚硫酸分光光度法,以乙二醇为标样,乙二醇含量在0.4~2.0μg/mL的范围内线性关系较好,R=0.998 9,检出限为0.2μg/mL,平均回收率99.72%。该方法简便、可靠,可作为水样中乙二醇和甲醛的含量测定方法。     

乙丙橡胶门尼粘度标准物质的定值与不确定度评定

定值是标准物质研制的重要环节,也是标准物质研制水平高低的体现。标准物质研制中定值的准确和不确定度度评定的合理则对标准物质研制的水平和推广应用起着重要的作用。对均匀性、稳定性检验后符合标准物质研制的乙丙橡胶(EPDM)4050样品,联合多家实验室进行定值。EPDM 4050门尼粘度标准物质参与定值的各实验室的数据在0.01的显著水平时,定值的数据处于正态分布、无可疑值、处于等精度,定值数据的平均值为EPDM 4050门尼粘度标准物质的标称值,EPDM 4050标准物质在ML(1+4)100℃、ML(1+8)100℃下的标称值分别为42.4±0.5、40.4±0.4。     

Shape controlled synthesis and characterization of Cu2O nanostructures assisted by composite surfactants system

A simple methodology has been demonstrated to synthesize various nanocrystalline Cu₂O materials assisted by composite surfactant system, SDS and Tween 80 using the polyol method. Glycolaldehyde prepared in situ by heating ethylene glycol solvent at 160 °C for 2 h, was utilized as the reducing agent. The relative ratio of the two surfactants was manipulated to achieve different Cu₂O morphologies, e.g. nanocrystalline Cu₂O flowers, hollow spheres consisting of holes and ring type structure. The FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that the SDS and Tween 80 moieties were indeed present on the surface as capping agents in order to stabilize the surface nanocrystallites by the co-ordinative interactions between the oxygen atoms of Tween 80 and SDS and the Cu atoms at the surface of the synthesized Cu₂O particles. These oxygen atoms eventually encourage the oxidation of the surface Cu atoms to form a thin CuO layer, presence of which on the surface was corroborated by the XPS measurements. Sputtering of the samples was also carried out to remove the surface CuO thin layer and expose the inner Cu₂O. These nanomaterials were then investigated for their potential applications in photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye.     

A facile method for preparation of high performance Pt catalyst supported on multi-wall carbon nanotubes for methanol electrooxidation

Due to the inherent inertness of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), complicated procedures are involved in the preparation of MWCNT-supported catalysts. In this paper, a facile and effective method is introduced to prepare Pt nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of purified MWCNTs. In this method, sodium phthalate (SP) is used as a special additive to function as an effective cross linker between MWCNTs and Pt ions, and ethylene glycol (EG) aqueous solution is used as an effective solvent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses reveal that the prepared face-centered cubic Pt nanoparticles with the average diameter of 2.2 nm are well dispersed on the surface of the MWCNTs. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry tests demonstrate that the Pt/MWCNTs catalyst obtained from typical experiment exhibits better catalytic activity and stability for methanol electrooxidation than the Pt catalyst supported on conventional acid-treated MWCNTs (AO-MWCNTs) and JM commercial 20% Pt/C catalyst.     

难处理铁矿资源的煤基还原磁化焙烧-磁选试验研究

本文针对西北某难处理铁矿石的具体情况,进行了多种选别方法探索试验,试验结果表明:采用煤基还原磁化焙烧,在焙烧温度为700℃,焙烧温度为30 min,煤粉配比为6%的条件下进行磁化焙烧,焙烧矿磁选全流程试验可获得铁精矿品位为63.78%,回收率为77.59%,试验取得了较为满意的结果。     

纳米红色硒粉在乙二醇介质中的分散工艺研究

针对含纳米红色硒粉抗菌保健不锈钢餐具的开发问题,为制备高分散性和悬浮稳定性的纳米硒粉,本文在测定纳米硒粉在乙二醇介质中pH-zeta电位图的基础上,选用CTAB、PVP、PEG-2000和Span80四种表面活性剂,采用吸光度测试、沉降实验研究了纳米硒粉在乙二醇介质中的分散工艺及其悬浮稳定性,并探讨了不同表面活性剂的分散机理。结果表明,在最佳配比下的CTAB与具有空间位阻稳定机理PVP和PEG-2000的复合分散体系的分散效果明显好于单分散剂,其中,PVP与CTAB的复合分散比最佳单分散剂CTAB的分散效果提升了105%;推荐纳米硒粉在乙二醇中的分散工艺为:在pH=6、3%(质量比)CTAB+3%PVP复配分散,分散时间为10 min,该工艺下分散的纳米硒粒子静置60天的沉降率仅为0.7%。红外测试表明,CTAB在纳米硒粉表面为物理吸附,PVP、PEG-2000和Span80则为化学吸附。     

尼龙1010／乙丙共聚物共混体系形态与性能研究

在过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）的引发下，用反应挤出的方法制备了乙丙共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ）。用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ单螺杆挤出机制备了不同组成的ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０及ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙－１０１０的共混物，用电子显微镜观察了不同共混组成的形态，与ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０共混体系相比，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙１０１０体系中ＥＰＭ在尼龙１０１０中分散相尺寸明显降低，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ