Cyclic voltammetric analysis of antioxidant activity in cane sugars and palm sugars from Southeast Asia

Fourteen commonly available types of cane and palm sugar were analysed for antioxidant activity using cyclic voltammetry. Five of the sugars, dissolved in phosphate buffer, showed anodic current peaks which were indicative of antioxidant activity. The rank order of these sugars was: gula anau > gula merah > China rock honey sugar > soft brown sugar > raw sugar. Gula anau is an unrefined palm sugar, while the other four are from sugarcane. Soft brown sugar and raw sugar are coated brown sugars. The China rock honey sugar contained chrysanthemum flowers, and its antioxidant properties appear to be due to these flowers and not to the sugar per se. Pure white sugar, other rock sugars and rock honey sugars (all refined from cane) as well as gula Melaka, an unrefined rock sugar from palm trees, had no observable antioxidant activity. It is concluded that, from a nutritional point of view, using gula anau as a sweetener or ingredient in foods or drinks has an added benefit owing to its antioxidant content.     

Time dependence of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity during germination of different cultivars of broccoli and radish seeds

Optimisation of the germination process of different cultivars of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica cv. Lucky, cv. Tiburon and cv. Belstar) and radish (Raphanus sativus cv. Rebel and cv. Bolide) seeds in relation to the content of glucosinolates (GLS), vitamin C and total antioxidant capacity was carried out in order to maximise the health-promoting properties of Brassica sprouts. The content of total and individual GLS varied between species, among cultivars, and germination time. Glucoraphanin in broccoli and glucoraphenin in radish were the predominant GLS in raw seeds (61–77 and 63–129 μmol/g DM, respectively) and, although their content decreased during germination, they were maintained in rather large proportions in sprouts. Vitamin C was not detected in raw seeds and its content increased sharply in broccoli and radish sprouts (162–350 and 84–113 mg/100 g DM, respectively). Raw brassica seeds are an excellent source of antioxidant capacity (64–90 and 103–162 μmol Trolox/g DM in broccoli and radish, respectively) and germination led to a sharp increase. Germination of broccoli cv. Belstar and radish cv. Rebel for 4 days provided the largest glucoraphanin and glucoraphenin content, respectively, and also brought about large amounts of vitamin C and antioxidant capacity.     

基于BS结构与CS结构结合的新结构开发应用系统

在对B／S结构和C／S结构进行充分分析比较的情况下,提出了一种新的体系结构。结合B／S与C／S,将组件技术COM＋和AcdveX技术分别应用在服务器端和客户端,从而开发出高效、安全的应用系统。     

LSO8拉丝用盘条的研制

LS08拉丝用盘条(Ф6.5mm)系低碳低硅镇静钢,采用氧气顶吹转炉冶炼-钢包底吹氩-小方坯连铸(110mm×110mm)-轧后堆冷工艺生产.通过对化学成分科学合理设计及采取冶炼、连铸技术和轧制等工艺措施,使得盘条具有强度低、塑性高、易拉拔等特点,其极限总面缩率可达到99.91%,拉拔性能达到了沸腾钢盘条的水平.     

海南4种茶水提物的抗氧化及抑菌活性比较

为比较海南苦丁茶、白沙绿茶、大叶种茶及鹧鸪茶4种茶水提物的抗氧化及抑菌活性,本实验通过水浸提法获得4种茶的水提物,利用分光光度法测试其体外抗氧化活性;并以5株酿酒酵母及5种致病细菌为靶标,分别测定了4种茶水提物的抗氧化活性及抑菌活性。结果表明:苦丁茶、白沙绿茶、大叶种茶及鹧鸪茶水提物的提取率分别为29.31%、23.02%、27.07%和16.18%;总多酚含量分别为(251.48±12.30)、(315.05±10.98)、(395.05±27.70)、(420.05±25.65)mg GAE/g DW;总黄酮含量分别为(691.60±19.47)、(292.60±18.36)、(524.93±1.53)、(217.60±7.00)mg RE/g DW;4种茶的总抗氧化能力结果由强到弱为:大叶种茶>鹧鸪茶>白沙绿茶>苦丁茶;特别是鹧鸪茶和大叶种茶对二苯基苦酰肼基(Diphenyl picryl hydrazinyl radical,DPPH)自由基、2'-联氨-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS)自由基及超氧阴离子的清除率均高于标准品芦丁和特丁基对苯二酚(Terbutyl hydroquinone,TBHQ)。同时4种茶对H₂O₂氧化应激胁迫下的5株酿酒酵母模式菌株的存活率均有提高,其中苦丁茶对基因缺陷型菌株gsh1Δ的存活率提高最明显,为30.21%。4种茶对致病细菌有较好的抑制作用,其中大叶种茶对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制效果最优,最小抑菌浓度(Minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)为1.56 mg/mL。由此表明,4种茶水提物具有不同的抗氧化活性和抑菌活性,且多酚含量与活性之间具有较好的相关性。     

响应面法优化猪血复合微量元素补铁剂螯合工艺

采用响应面法优化猪血复合微量元素补铁剂的螯合工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,选择pH值、多肽溶液质量分数、多肽溶液与1.0 mol/L FeCl2溶液的体积比为影响因素,以Fe2＋螯合率为指标,进行3因素3水平的Box-Behnken试验设计,采用响应面法分析3 个因素对响应值的影响。结果表明：响应面法优化猪血复合微量元素补铁剂的最佳螯合工艺条件为pH值5.40、多肽溶液质量分数2.27%、多肽溶液与1.0 mol/L FeCl2溶液的体积比2.16∶1;在此条件下,猪血多肽Fe2＋螯合率的预测值为79.37%,实测值为79.41%。     

褐藻胶多糖分子修饰酶的研究进展

褐藻胶作为一种线性多糖根据其结构和组成差异具有不同的生理生化特性,在食品、医药和化妆品等领域有着巨大的应用价值和潜力。褐藻胶的这些特性主要通过褐藻胶修饰酶如褐藻胶裂解酶、甘露聚糖C5差向异构酶、褐藻胶乙酰化酶和褐藻胶脱乙酰化酶的作用控制。作者主要概述了褐藻胶修饰酶合成和修饰褐藻胶的作用机理,总结了几种褐藻胶修饰酶的来源、分类、结构、作用方式和研究进程,重点阐述了褐藻胶裂解酶和甘露聚糖C5差向异构酶的相关研究进展,并对相关研究的未来发展提出展望,可为进一步开发和应用褐藻胶及其相关修饰酶提供借鉴和参考。     

基于Fe3O4@Au模拟酶智能手机比色法检测牛奶中尿酸的研究

目的 利用Fe3O4@Au的过氧化物模拟酶活性构建检测牛奶中过量尿酸的智能手机比色传感器。方法 通过单因素正交实验获取模拟酶比色和智能手机比色的最佳检测条件, 利用紫外分光光度法和智能手机比色法测定不同浓度的尿酸溶液, 同时评估体系的灵敏度、抗干扰性和稳定性。结果 Fe3O4@Au最优催化体系为反应温度60℃, 反应时间50 min及Fe3O4@Au添加量0.015 g。智能手机比色体系最优相机分辨率为12 MP, 光圈f值为4.00 mm, 感光度(photosensibility, ISO)值为800及快门速度为0.002 s; 基于智能手机比色法检测尿酸最优条件下, 尿酸浓度在0.075~7.500 mmol/L范围内显现出良好的线性关系, 工作曲线为Y1=?47.362X1+494.35 (r2=0.9918), 检出限为0.043 μmol/L。在实际样品检测中, 加标回收率在96.90%~112.81%之间, 相对标准偏差均低于4.00%。结论 基于Fe3O4@Au模拟酶活性建立的智能手机比色检测体系, 具有极高的灵敏度, 良好的抗干扰性和稳定性, 该研究成果将为尿酸等食品成分的分析检测提供一条新的渠道。     

刺梨果汁饮料的贮藏稳定性及其货架期预测

目的 提高刺梨果汁饮料的贮藏稳定性及评估其保质期。方法 刺梨果汁饮料经均质、微波杀菌等处理后于25 ℃贮藏30 d,探究加工工艺(均质时间、杀菌时间、稳定剂种类)对饮料理化性质的影响。根据主要活性成分的含量随贮藏时间及贮藏温度的变化,利用动力学方程和Arrhenius方程建立刺梨果汁饮料的货架期模型并预测其货架期。结果 当均质时间为3~5 min、微波杀菌时间2~4 min,添加0.1% l-卡拉胶时,刺梨果汁饮料的稳定性较好;贮藏试验显示,相比总黄酮含量,刺梨果汁饮料中Vc含量与贮藏时间相关性更高,且符合零级反应(R2> 0.900);根据Arrhenius方程预测出刺梨果汁饮料在4、25、45 ℃的货架期分别为226、126、78 d。验证试验表明,预测Vc含量与实测Vc含量之间的相对误差均低于10%。结论 适当的加工处理可提高刺梨果汁饮料的贮藏品质,延长其保质期。Arrhenius方程适合于刺梨果汁饮料品质及货架期的评估。