离子液体催化C_5馏分中二烯烃的聚合反应

合成了多种基于1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑阳离子的离子液体,并作为裂解C5馏分中混合二烯烃聚合反应的介质。考察了离子液体种类、反应温度、反应时间和添加Lew is酸对混合二烯烃聚合反应的影响。实验结果表明,以硝酸根为阴离子的离子液体对混合二烯烃的聚合反应具有一定的阻聚作用;以六氟磷酸根为阴离子的离子液体能明显促进混合二烯烃的聚合反应,提高二聚物的含量;添加Lew is酸(质量分数为1%的ZnCl2)的离子液体对混合二烯烃的聚合反应具有更明显的促进作用,其效果仅次于酸性氯铝酸类离子液体,反应温度以30℃以下为宜,温度过高将促使二聚物进一步聚合,形成三聚物乃至多聚物,降低二聚物的含量。     

电脉冲快速退火对铁基非晶合金性能的影响

采用大电流交流脉冲对非晶Ｆｅ７８Ｂ１３Ｓｉ９合金进行了去应力退火。初步探讨了电脉冲加热对加热速率和该合金内应力释放、退火脆化以及最终软磁性影响的基本规律。结果表明：电脉冲加热可以得到远高于常规退火的加热速率，选择合适工艺参数可使非晶合金内应力释放９０％，软磁性（Ｈ＿ｃ和Ｂ＿ｓ）达常规退火后的９５％以上，与此同时使合金的延性（断裂应变ε＿ｆ）维持在０．９以上，从而有望实现非晶合金磁性与延性的合理配合。     

Study of viscosity of mono-, di-, and trialkylamines

Viscosities of several mono-, di-, and trialkylamines have been measured in the temperature range 298 to 333 K. It is observed that viscosities are highly dependent on shape, size, and association through H-bond or through dipole. Following the transition state theory, energy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy of activation of viscous flow have been calculated. The values of expansion energy for these liquids have also been calculated using free volume theory, and subsequently amines have been classified as volume-restrained or energy-restrained liquids. The group contribution method of Van Velzen, Cardozo, and Langenkamp for estimating viscosity has been examined with the present and literature data, and the new group contribution increments N _i and B _i for amines have been evaluated.     

THE ISOTHERMAL COMPRESSIBILITY OF GAS-SATURATED HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

Volumetric measurements were made on compressed solutions of carbon dioxide in n-decane and trans-decalin at 37.78°C at pressures up to 60 bar. The data were numerically analyzed to yield the isothermal compressibility function of the solutions at their saturation pressures.     

Thermodynamic assessment of MCl–YCl3 (M=Na,K, Rb,Cs) systems

Thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the MCl–YCl₃ (M=Na, K, Rb, Cs) systems were reassessed by using the CALPHAD method with the latest phase diagram data. A two-sublattice ionic solution model (M⁺)_P(Cl⁻, ${\mathrm{YCL}}_6^{3-}$, YCl₃)_Q reflecting the ionic behavior of the components was adopted to describe the liquid phase in the systems. A new set of optimized model parameters was found, and the calculated phase diagrams and enthalpies of mixing have good agreement with experimental data. The calculated liquidus near to YCl₃ side agrees much better with experimental data compared with previous work. In consideration of high and low temperature modifications as well as stability of intermediate compounds, Gibbs energies of formation of these compounds evaluated in the present work are more reasonable.     

离子膜使用过程中起泡的原因及危害

分析并列举了离子交换膜在使用过程中鼓泡的原因，阳极液质量浓度；pH值；阴极液质量浓度；电流密度；开停车及盐水质量等因素都可以造成膜鼓泡，形成针孔。提出了相应的预防措施。     

我国烧碱生产技术概况

介绍了我国氯碱行业近几年来的发展情况：分析了我国烧碱生产的工艺技术现状。指出了为缩短与世界先进国家的差距需要加快开发关键设备和高性能的离子膜，加强管理。     

莫达非尼的绿色化学合成

采用[bm im]BF4离子液体作为反应溶剂,以二苯甲硫醇为原料,经醚化、氨解、氧化得到新型提神醒脑药物莫达非尼。讨论了不同的氯乙酸酯和反应温度对醚化反应收率的影响,讨论了不同的二苯甲硫乙酸酯对氨解反应收率的影响,及离子液体的回收使用。研究表明,采用氯乙酸甲酯作为醚化试剂,反应时间4 h,反应温度100℃,二苯甲硫醇∶氯乙酸甲酯=1∶1.5(摩尔比),室温下氨解反应20 h,二苯甲硫乙酰胺收率76%;采用过氧化氢作为氧化试剂,反应时间3 h,反应温度60℃,过氧化氢∶二苯甲硫乙酰胺=1∶1(摩尔比),莫达非尼收率79%,反应总收率可达48%。     

阵列式多针-柱电极装置实现离子风的实验与分析

为了实现一定气体流速的离子风,设计了一种新型的阵列式三排3 ×3垂直放置的针-柱电极结构放电装置.在针-柱之间间距为3mm、排与排之间间距为8 mm、镇流电阻12 MΩ、放电电阻12 MΩ、测试电阻1 kΩ、大气压环境、室温、无外部通入气流时,阵列式针-柱电极实现了稳定的电晕放电,并通过示波器记录的放电波形、数码相机拍摄的发光图像以及放电伏安特性曲线进行了验证.同时,随着阵列式排数的增加,放电电流变大,离子风风速也随之增大.该针-柱结构易于用MEMS工艺加工制作,可应用于便携式分析仪器中.     

转化乳剂的离子电导和光电导研究

本文研究了ＡｇＢｒＣｌ转化乳剂的离子电导和光电导。随着乳剂中溴含量的增高，其离子电导也随之升高，而光电子寿命则降低。ＡｇＢｒＣｌ乳剂的离子电导主要取决于其组成；ＡｇＢｒＣｌ转化乳剂的光电子寿命主要受隙间银子浓度的影响，隙间银离子浓度越大，光电子寿命越短。