交联聚合物驱油技术研究及应用

交联聚合物驱油技术是聚合物驱油技术的发展和改善，与单纯聚合物相比，该体系具有抗剪切、耐温耐盐、在多孔介质中阻力系数大等特点，能较大程度改善油藏非均质程度，提高原油采收率。以其作为驱油体系具有创新性，可更好地适应高含水期油藏特性，是一种集调剖和驱替于一体的新型驱油技术。文中对交联聚合物的交联机理进行了探讨，给出了室内评价结果，分析了该技术在孤岛油田渤19块的应用效果，现场应用表明，该技术增油降水效果显著，是比较理想的提高EOR的新方法。     

基于半变异函数的多极化SAR图像地表淹没程度分析

洪涝灾害范围的提取能够为灾害的动态监测、评估提取重要的数据。由于半变异函数能够反映图像数据的随机性和结构性,可以很好的体现地物的空间自相关性。而地物在SAR图像上也表现出很好的空间自相关性和纹理特征,各种淹没程度的地物在图像上也表现出不同的空间自相关性,所以将特定窗口下特定步长的半变异函数应用到地表淹没程度分析,证明该方法的可行性。     

非集中式P2P系统中资源搜索与现存问题分析

对非集中式P2P系统,分布式哈希表和洪泛方法均可被用于资源搜索。结合了这两类方法的混合P2P搜索模式被期望有更好的性能,但需要找到准确判断资源知名度的有效方法。而在动态的P2P网络环境中,现有的混合搜索算法仍面临着搜索效率与质量有待优化的问题,该文在分析现有问题的基础上提出了一种解决思路。     

基于泛洪约束的MANET按需组播路由协议

降低路由控制开销是MANET网络组播路由协议节省节点能量,提高带宽利用率的关键因素之一。本文研究了组播路径近邻节点对路由维护的作用以及链路的连通性,分别提出了一个新的泛k-洪约束算法和一个混合泛洪模式。基于泛k-洪约束算法和混合泛洪模式,提出一个新的按需组播路由协议ODMRP-CF,ODMRP-CF协议通过选择k-路由近邻节点转发泛洪分组来提高泛洪效率。ODMRP-CF协议不仅保持了ODMRP协议所具有的简单,对节点移动鲁棒性好的优点,而且有效地降低了ODMRP-CF协议的控制开销。     

北二西西块二类油层水聚同驱数值模拟研究

二类油层非均质性严重,这一特性决定了二类油层注聚过程中不可避免同一单元内存在水、聚两驱共存现象,使聚驱潜力难以得到发挥。本文通过对大庆北二西西块二类油层注聚开发区主要连通关系进行统计得出两大类主要连通关系,采用数值模拟方法对这两类主要连通关系区域水聚驱接触带不同注入参数组合下的开采特征进行了研究,确定了二类油层水聚同驱接触带不同连通关系两边注水区域水驱井与注聚区域注聚井合理的注入强度比;当存在水聚同驱时,水聚区接触带采用“三次加密水井-三次加密油井-聚驱油井-注聚井”的连通关系较好,此时聚驱区域和水驱区域的之间的干扰最小。掌握二类油层水聚同驱开发规律及确定合理的开发方式,对提高二类油层开发效果及进一步推广意义深远。     

Flooding and dehydration diagnosis in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack using an experimental adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

Today the need for fault diagnosis in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is felt more than ever to increase the useful life and durability of the cell. The present study proposes an indirect in-situ experimental-based algorithm for diagnosing the moisture content issues in a three-cell stack. Three adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) approximate the system outputs (cells voltages, cathodic and anodic pressure drop) in normal conditions. The values of Pearson's correlation coefficients (0.998, 0.983, and 0.995 for outputs, respectively) show the high quality of the modeling. In unknown operating conditions, the residuals of experimental and ANFIS values are compared with obtained deviation thresholds (0.0735 V, 0.0092 bar, and 0.0047 bar for the outputs, respectively) to determine the cathode/anode flooding, membrane dehydration, or normal status. This method is helpful in commercial applications for diagnosing more than 50% of PEMFC faults because it uses accessible parameters and has low-processing demands.     

夹层对厚油层开发效果的影响

本文研究了夹层对厚油层开发效果的效果。所谓夹层系指岩性致密、孔隙度小于１２％、渗透率小于０．０２０μｍ＾２的不渗透层或特低渗透层，它把厚油层分成多个独立的流动单元。本文从双河油田厚油层的特点出发，对如何利用夹层改善注水条件、提高厚油层开放效果进行了探讨。     

梯形脉冲筛板萃取柱性能的研究

梯形脉冲柱在分散-聚合状态下操作。两相流体周期性地聚合与再分散能增强表面更新速率和有效地抑制返混现象。柱内流体系单一分散,液滴尺度分布比较均匀,在有机相连续、V_d/V_c=0.5时,液泛速度达1.8cm/s。同样情况下所需的脉冲强度约为正弦波脉冲柱的一半。其萃取效率比正弦波脉冲柱约高30%。在1.1m高的板段内,用钍作为传质核素,用配制的后处理废液进行了回收钍的模拟试验,钍回收率大于98%。     

A robust and energy-efficient data dissemination framework for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are appealing in obtaining fine-granular observations about the physical world. Due to the fact that WSNs are composed of a large number of low-cost and energy-constrained sensor nodes, along with the notorious time-varying and error-prone nature of wireless links, scalable, robust and energy-efficient data dissemination techniques are needed for the emerging WSN applications such as environment monitoring and surveillance. In this paper, we examine this emerging field from the point of view of supply chain management and propose a hybrid data dissemination framework for WSNs. In particular, for each sensing task, the whole sensor field is conceptually partitioned into several functional regions based on the supply chain management methodology. Different routing schemes are applied to different regions in order to provide better performance in terms of reliability and energy consumption. For this purpose, we also propose a novel zone flooding scheme, essentially a combination of conventional geometric routing and flooding techniques. Our hybrid data dissemination framework features low overhead, high reliability, good scalability and flexibility, and preferable energy efficiency. Detailed simulation studies are carried out to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our scheme.     

新沟油田注水系统腐蚀原因及治理研究

新沟油田注入水注入管网后极易结垢,腐蚀严重。为了解决腐蚀问题,在研究了腐蚀机理、造成水质变化的原因和影响系统腐蚀的因素的基础上,提出了适合新沟油田注水系统的防腐防垢技术,并筛选出了效果良好的缓蚀剂。