太阳能炕和Trombe墙相结合的新型太阳能采暖系统的数值研究

提出了Trombe墙与太阳能炕相结合的新型太阳能采暖系统,建立了新型太阳能采暖系统的理论模型。采用大连1月份的气象数据对该系统的室内温度、炕表面温度等进行数值模拟,讨论运行方式、有无辅助热源等对室内热环境的影响,并与单独采用太阳能炕或Trombe墙的采暖系统进行对比。计算结果显示,在Trombe墙和新型太阳能炕耦合运行模式,室内温度和炕面温度高于炕单独运行模式或Trombe墙单独运行模式;有辅助加热工况下室内热环境的稳定性优于没有辅助热源工况。     

Columnar Fe2O3 arrays via plasma-enhanced growth: Interplay of fluorine substitution and photoelectrochemical properties

A single-step plasma enhanced-chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) route for the synthesis of F-doped iron(III) oxide nanomaterials is presented. Growth experiments, performed from a fluorinated Fe(II) β-diketonate precursor on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) between 200 and 400 °C, yielded columnar β-Fe₂O₃ arrays with a preferential (100) growth direction. The fluorine content in the deposits could be adjusted by the sole variation of the deposition temperature controlling, in turn, the optical absorption and energy bandgap. Photocurrent measurements and Mott–Schottky analyses, carried out in Na₂SO₄ solution under one sun illumination, evidenced a conductivity switch from n- to p-type upon increasing fluorine amount in the obtained nanomaterials. The sample photocurrent density, donor content and flatband potential support the hypothesis that a progressive substitution of oxygen by fluorine in the iron(III) oxide lattice can alter electronic structure and extend charge carrier lifetimes, making anion-doped β-Fe₂O₃ an efficient water oxidation catalyst.     

离子选择电极法测定牙膏中氟含量的研究与探讨

本文对离子选择电极法测定牙膏中氟化物进行了研究与探讨.讨论了仪器精度、共存离子引入的误差及干扰、测定的pH值范围、电极相关因素的影响、搅拌的影响和测定中应注意的问题等因素对氟离子选择电极法测定牙膏中氟化物的影响。该方法具有选择性好,准确、快速、检测范围宽的特点.     

Reactive-ion-etching (RIE) process in CF4 plasma as a method of fluorine implantation

We have investigated the concentration of fluorine in a newly formed film, which is located on the etched surface during modification of thermal silicon dioxide layer in reactive-ion-etching (RIE) system in CF₄ plasma. We try to find the correlation between parameters of the RIE process, depth and concentration of implanted fluorine ions, and finally, the thermal stability of fluorine ions incorporated into etched layer.During the RIE of silicon dioxide in fluorine plasma, on the etched surface a layer containing fluorine atoms is formed. This layer is very thin (about 1.5 nm) and has high concentration of fluorine ions. This concentration can be changed with r.f. power, CF₄ gas pressure and CF₄ flow. The suitable selection of etching parameters makes inspection of concentration and of the depth of fluorine ions incorporated into silicon possible, during the etching process. Unfortunately, ultra-shallow junction formed in this way does not show resistance to high temperature. So it is recommended only for low-budget technologies.     

Effect of interfacial fluorination on the electrical properties of the inter-poly high-k dielectrics

In this paper, the reliabilities and insulating characteristics of the fluorinated aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) and hafnium oxide (HfO₂) inter-poly dielectric (IPD) are studied. Interface fluorine passivation has been demonstrated in terminating dangling bonds and oxygen vacancies, reducing interfacial re-oxidation and smoothing interface roughness, and diminishing trap densities. Compared with the IPDs without fluorine incorporation, the results clearly indicate that fluorine incorporation process is effective to improve the insulating characteristics of both the Al₂O₃ and HfO₂ IPDs. Moreover, fluorine incorporation will also improve the dielectric quality of the interfacial layer. Although HfO₂ possesses higher dielectric constant to increase the gate coupling ratio, the results also demonstrate that fluorination of the Al₂O₃ dielectric is more effective to promote the IPD characteristics than fluorination of the HfO₂ dielectric. For future stack-gate flash memory application, the fluorinated Al₂O₃ IPD undoubtedly possesses higher potential to replace current ONO IPD than the fluorinated HfO₂ IPD due to superior insulating properties.     

Determining the degree of grafting for poly（vinylidene fluoride） graft-copolymers using fluorine elemental analysis

Acrylic acid (AAc) and styrene (St) were grafted onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) powder or membrane samples by pre-irradiation graft copolymerization.The grafted chains were proved by FT-IR spectroscopy analysis.The degree of grafting (DG) of the grafted PVDF was determined by fluorine elemental analysis (FEA) method,and was compared with the DGs determined by weighing method,acid-base back titration method and quantitative FT-IR method.The results show that the FEA method is accurate,convenient and universal,especially for the grafted polymer powders.     

氟离子选择电极法测定电解金属锰槽液中的氟含量

采用氟离子选择电极建立了一种对电解金属锰槽液中氟含量进行测定的方法。该方法通过加入柠檬酸三钠一硝酸钾作为总离子强度调节剂,采用已知添加量法,由添加前后的电极电位的变化值,计算出待测试样的浓度值,从而可快速准确地测定电解槽液中氟的含量。利用氟离子选择电极法测定出大新分公司的电解金属锰槽液中氟含量为0．20～50．00mg／L,加标回收率可达到100％。     

氟、硅改性聚氨酯材料的研究进展

聚氨酯(PU)是一类用途广泛的工程材料,但用传统原料和方法制备的聚氨酯也存在诸多缺点,如耐热性、耐侯型不好,从而限制了它在工程技术领域的进一步应用。为此,聚氨酯的化学改性成为该领域的研究热点之一。作者综述了近年来氟、硅化学改性聚氨酯方面的研究进展,并对今后的研究发展进行展望。     

Study of fluorine losses and spectroscopic properties of Er doped oxyfluoride silicate glasses and glass ceramics

The fluorine losses during synthesis of Er³⁺ doped transparent glasses in the SiO₂–PbO–PbF₂ system were investigated. The final fluorine contents of the glasses were detected by using a fluorine ion selective electrode. The results show that high fluorine losses are occured in the normal preparation processes. With the increase of initial PbF₂ contents or melting time resulted in the increase of the fluorine losses. The thermal and spectroscopic properties of the glasses and the corresponding glass ceramics were investigated through the analysis of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), absorption and upconversion luminescence spectra. The effects of fluorine contents show a decrease of the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the glasses and an enhancement of upconversion intensity of the corresponding glass ceramics.     

Effect of α-substituents on molecular motion and wetting behaviors of poly(fluoroalkyl acrylate) thin films with short fluoroalkyl side chains

The effect of α-substituent on the molecular motion and wetting behavior of poly{2-(perfluorobutyl)ethyl acrylate} [PFA-C₄], poly{2-(perfluorobutyl)ethyl methacrylate} [PFMA-C₄], poly{2-(perfluorobutyl)ethyl α-fluoroacrylate} [PFFA-C₄], and poly{2-(perfluorobutyl)ethyl α-chloroacrylate} [PFClA-C₄] films were characterized by dynamic contact angle measurement, lateral force microscopy (LFM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). WAXD of oriented PFClA-C₄ fiber suggested the presence of rod-like chain due to the presence of bulky α-substituent. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of PFFA-C₄ and PFClA-C₄ were well above the room temperature. The water repellencies of PFFA-C₄ and PFClA-C₄ were as high as that of PFMA-C₄ and their oil repellency of PFFA-C₄ and PFClA-C₄ was higher than the PFMA-C_4. This result was originated from the low main chain mobility of PFFA-C₄ and PFClA-C₄ due to the presence of bulky α-substituents. The effect of molecular motion on water repellency was clarified by the results of temperature dependence studies of dynamic contact angle, LFM, and surface chemical composition measured by XPS.