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31.
32.
ZrO2–
catalysts with different sulfur contents were analysed with thermal methods coupled with mass spectrometry after exposure
to mixtures of hexane, methylcyclopentane, and cyclohexane in argon. The reaction of the hydrocarbons led to carbonaceous
deposits, but an important part of hydrocarbon remained chemisorbed as well. Heating these samples in He atmosphere provoked
the decomposition of these deposits with evolution of CO2 and CO, and also of SO2 and SO. At the same time, COS was evidenced in the reaction products. The release of these molecules occurred below the activation
temperature of the catalysts. The behavior of the catalysts depended both on reactant molecule and sulfur content. The analyses
clearly evidenced the oxidation ability of ZrO2–SO
catalysts.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
33.
35.
The Fe/ZrO2 catalyst (1% Fe by weight) shows a strong adsorption capacity toward the nitric oxide (at room temperature the ratio NOFe is ca. 0.5) as a consequence of the formation of a highly dispersed iron phase after reduction at 500–773 K. Nitric oxide is adsorbed mainly as nitrosyl species on the reduced surface where the Fe2+ sites are prevailing, but it is easily oxidised by oxygen forming nitrito and nitrato species adsorbed on the support. However, in the presence of a reducing gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, propane and ammonia at 473–573 K the Fe-nitrosyl species react producing nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and water, as detected by FTIR and mass spectrometers. The results show that nitric oxide reduction is more facile with hydrogen containing molecules than with CO, probably due the co-operation of spillover effects. Experiments carried out with the same gases in the presence of oxygen show, however, a reduced dissociative activity of the surface iron sites toward the species NOχ formed by NO oxidation and therefore the reactivity is shifted to higher temperatures. 相似文献
36.
David B. Marshall Joseph J. Ratto Fred F. Lange 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(12):2979-2987
Laminar composites, containing layers of Ce-ZrO2 and either Al2 O3 or a mixture of Al2 O3 and Ce-ZrO2 , have been fabricated using a colloidal method that allowed formation of layers with thicknesses as small as 10 μm. Strong interactions between these layers and the martensitic transformation zones surrounding cracks and indentations have been observed. In both cases, the transformation zones spread along the region adjacent to the layer, resulting in an increased fracture toughness. The enhanced fracture toughness was observed for cracks growing parallel to the layers as well as for those that were oriented normal to the layers. 相似文献
37.
38.
The hydrolytic decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) on various modified zirconium oxide surfaces has been studied. The reaction was carried out under flow conditions at 500°C. Complete CFC-12 conversion and long-time stability of the catalysts were achieved accompanied by a limitation of the undesired CFC-13 formation. A maximum CFC-12 conversion was observed on catalysts of sulfated zirconia or zirconia obtained from temperature-controlled calcination of zirconium oxide hydrate. The reaction depends on the presence or in situ formation of Brønsted acid sites. FTIR-photoacoustic measurements were performed on pyridine complexes chemisorbed on the catalyst surface in order to analyze the changes in the catalyst's acidity. The effects of the temperature and water in the reaction gas on the catalyzed decomposition of CFC-12 are examined. 相似文献
39.
Yeong-Kyeun Paek Jung-Ho Ahn Gyeung-Ho Kim Suk-Joong L. Kang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2002,85(6):1631-1633
The densification behavior of a 3-mol%-Y2 O3 -doped ZrO2 (3Y-ZrO2 ) has been investigated under N2 and O2 atmospheres. Powder compacts have been sintered at 1550° and 1400°C for various times. The density of the specimen sintered at 1550°C is higher in N2 than in O2 , while the contrary result is obtained in the case of the specimen sintered at 1400°C. Such results can be explained in terms of nitrogen solubility and oxygen vacancy in a ZrO2 matrix. Because nitrogen solubility into the ZrO2 increases with an increase in heat-treatment temperature, leading to the formation of oxygen vacancy, the densification rate becomes higher. The present study thus shows evidence of nitrogen solubility into the ZrO2 and its role on the densification behavior of 3Y-ZrO2 . 相似文献
40.
用热膨胀分析、X射线衍射研究了热压2%(mol)Y_2O_3-ZrO_2陶瓷中t-m等温转变动力学。结果表明:经过快速冷却而得到的四方相(t)在随后200~400℃区间保温时发生了四方相(t)到单斜相(m)的转变。该转变的时间-温度-转变量(TTT)曲线呈C形,鼻子温度为300℃。高于或低于上述温度范围,未出现m相,可用Avrami方程的一般形式来描述动力学曲线。该相变的形核与长大均是时间的函数,相变激活能为28.67kJ/mol。t相的亚稳性不仅与稳定剂分布及晶粒尺寸有关,而且还受冷却速度所控制。 相似文献